20240713134118_669283fed4abf_fundamental_concepts_7eTEST B
67
ANK
,Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing 7/E Patricia Willia
67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67
ms
Chapter671.67Nursing67and67the67Health67Care67System
Williams:67Fundamental67Concepts67and67Skills67for67Nursing,676th67Edition
MULTIPLE67CHOICE
1. Florence67Nightingale‘s67contributions67to67nursing67practice67and67education:
a. are67historically67important67but67have67no67validity67for67nursing67today.
b. were67neither67recognized67nor67appreciated67in67her67own67time.
c. were67a67major67factor67in67reducing67the67death67rate67in67the67Crimean67War.
d. were67limited67only67to67the67care67of67severe67traumatic67wounds.
ANS:6 7 6 7 C
By67improving67sanitation,67nutrition67ventilation,67and67handwashing67techniques,67Florenc
e67Nightingale‘s67nurses67dramatically67reduced67the67death67rate67from67injuries67in67the67Crim
ean67War.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.672 OBJ:
Theory67#167TOP: Nursing67History
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
2. Early67nursing67education67and67care67in67the67United67States:
a. were67directed67at67community67health.
b. provided67independence67for67women67through67education67and67employment.
c. were67an67educational67model67based67in67institutions67of67higher67learning.
d. have67continued67to67be67entirely67focused67on67hospital67nursing.
ANS:6 7 6 7 B
Because67of67the67influence67of67early67nursing67leaders,67nursing67education67became67more6
7formalized67through67apprenticeships67in67Nightingale67schools67that67offered67independence
67to67women67through67education67and67employment.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.672 OBJ:
Theory67#467TOP: Nursing67History
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
3. In67order67to67fulfill67the67common67goals67defined67by67nursing67theorists67(promote67wellnes
s,67prevent67illness,67facilitate67coping,67and67restore67health),67the67LPN67must67take67on67the
67roles67of:
a. caregiver,67educator,67and67collaborator.
b. nursing67assistant,67delegator,67and67environmental67specialist.
c. medication67dispenser,67collaborator,67and67transporter.
d. dietitian,67manager,67and67housekeeper.
ANS:6 7 6 7 A
In67order67for67the67LPN67to67apply67the67common67goals67of67nursing,67he67or67she67must67ass
ume67the67roles67of67caregiver,67educator,67collaborator,67manager,67and67advocate.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.673 OBJ:
Theory67#267TOP: Art67and67Science67of67Nursing
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
,4. Although67nursing67theories67differ67in67their67attempts67to67define67nursing,67all67of67them6
7base67their67beliefs67on67common67concepts67concerning:
a. self-actualization,67fundamental67needs,67and67belonging.
b. stress67reduction,67self-care,67and67a67systems67model.
c. curative67care,67restorative67care,67and67terminal67care.
d. human67relationships,67the67environment,67and67health.
ANS:6 7 6 7 D
Although67nursing67theories67differ,67they67all67base67their67beliefs67on67human67relationships,67
the67environment,67and67health.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.674 OBJ:
Theory67#267TOP: Nursing67Theories
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
5. Standards67of67care67for67the67nursing67practice67of67the67LPN67are67established67by67the:
a. Boards67of67Nursing67Examiners67in67each67state.
b. National67Council67of67States67Boards67of67Nursing67(NCSBN).
c. American67Nurses67Association67(ANA).
d. National67Association67of67Licensed67Practical67Nurses.
ANS:6 7 6 7 D
The67practical67nurse67follows67standards67written67by67the67National67Association67of67License
d67Practical67Nurses67to67deliver67safe,67knowledgeable67nursing67care67(Box671.1,67Appendix6
7D)
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.676 OBJ:
Theory67#267TOP: Standards67of67Care
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
6. The67LPN67demonstrates67an67evidence-based67practice67by:
a. using67a67drug67manual67to67check67compatibility67of67drugs.
b. using67scientific67information67to67guide67decision67making.
c. using67medical67history67of67a67patient67to67direct67nursing67interventions.
d. basing67nursing67care67on67advice67from67an67experienced67nurse.
ANS:6 7 6 7 B
The67use67of67scientific67information67from67high-
quality67research67to67guide67nursing67decisions67is67reflective67of67the67application67of67evide
nce-based67practice.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.674 OBJ:
Theory67#367TOP: Evidence-Based67Practice
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
7. Lillian67Wald67and67Mary67Brewster67established67the67Henry67Street67Settlement67Service
67in67New67York67in67189367in67order67to:
a. offer67a67shelter67to67injured67war67veterans.
b. found67a67nursing67apprenticeship.
c. provide67health67care67to67poor67persons67living67in67tenements.
d. offer67better67housing67to67low-
income67families.67ANS:6 7 C
, Henry67Street67Settlement67Service67brought67the67provision67of67community67health67care67to67
the67poor67people67living67in67tenements.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.672 OBJ:
Theory67#467TOP: Growth67of67Nursing
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
8. An67educational67pathway67for67an67LPN/LVN67refers67to67an67LPN/LVN:
a. learning67on67the67job67and67being67promoted67to67a67higher67level67of67responsibility.
b. moving67from67a67maternity67unit67to67a67more67complicated67surgical67unit.
c. obtaining67additional67education67to67move67from67one67level67of67nursing67to67another.
d. learning67that67advancement67requires67consistent67work67and67commitment.
ANS:6 7 6 7 C
By67broadening67the67educational67base,67an67LPN/LVN67may67advance67and67build67a67nursing67caree
r.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.677 OBJ:
Theory67#767TOP: Nursing67Education67Pathways
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
9. When67diagnosis-
related67groups67(DRGs)67were67established67by67Medicare67in671983,67the67purpose67was67to
:
a. put67patients67with67the67same67diagnosis67on67the67same67unit.
b. attempt67to67contain67the67costs67of67health67care.
c. increase67the67availability67of67medical67care67to67older67adults.
d. identify67a67patient‘s67condition67more67quickly.
ANS:6 7 6 7 B
The67purpose67of67instituting67DRGs67was67to67contain67skyrocketing67costs67of67health67care.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.6710 OBJ:
Theory67#1067TOP: Health67Care67Delivery
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A
MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
10. The67advent67of67diagnosis-
related67groups67(DRGs)67required67that67nurses67working67in67health67care67agencies:
a. record67supportive67documentation67to67confirm67a67patient‘s67need67for67care67in6
7order67to67qualify67for67reimbursement.
b. use67the67DRG67rather67than67their67own67observations67for67patient67assessment.
c. be67aware67of67the67specific67drugs67related67to67the67diagnosis.
d. acquire67cross-training67to67make67staffing67more67flexible.
ANS:6 7 6 7 A
DRGs67required67that67nurses67provide67more67supportive67documentation67of67their67assessme
nts67and67identified67patient‘s67needs67to67qualify67the67facility67for67Medicare67reimbursemen
t.67Observant67assessment67might67also67indicate67another67DRG67classification67and67conseq
uently67more67reimbursement67for67the67facility.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.6710 OBJ:
Theory67#1067TOP: Managed67Care
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A
67
ANK
,Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing 7/E Patricia Willia
67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67
ms
Chapter671.67Nursing67and67the67Health67Care67System
Williams:67Fundamental67Concepts67and67Skills67for67Nursing,676th67Edition
MULTIPLE67CHOICE
1. Florence67Nightingale‘s67contributions67to67nursing67practice67and67education:
a. are67historically67important67but67have67no67validity67for67nursing67today.
b. were67neither67recognized67nor67appreciated67in67her67own67time.
c. were67a67major67factor67in67reducing67the67death67rate67in67the67Crimean67War.
d. were67limited67only67to67the67care67of67severe67traumatic67wounds.
ANS:6 7 6 7 C
By67improving67sanitation,67nutrition67ventilation,67and67handwashing67techniques,67Florenc
e67Nightingale‘s67nurses67dramatically67reduced67the67death67rate67from67injuries67in67the67Crim
ean67War.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.672 OBJ:
Theory67#167TOP: Nursing67History
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
2. Early67nursing67education67and67care67in67the67United67States:
a. were67directed67at67community67health.
b. provided67independence67for67women67through67education67and67employment.
c. were67an67educational67model67based67in67institutions67of67higher67learning.
d. have67continued67to67be67entirely67focused67on67hospital67nursing.
ANS:6 7 6 7 B
Because67of67the67influence67of67early67nursing67leaders,67nursing67education67became67more6
7formalized67through67apprenticeships67in67Nightingale67schools67that67offered67independence
67to67women67through67education67and67employment.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.672 OBJ:
Theory67#467TOP: Nursing67History
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
3. In67order67to67fulfill67the67common67goals67defined67by67nursing67theorists67(promote67wellnes
s,67prevent67illness,67facilitate67coping,67and67restore67health),67the67LPN67must67take67on67the
67roles67of:
a. caregiver,67educator,67and67collaborator.
b. nursing67assistant,67delegator,67and67environmental67specialist.
c. medication67dispenser,67collaborator,67and67transporter.
d. dietitian,67manager,67and67housekeeper.
ANS:6 7 6 7 A
In67order67for67the67LPN67to67apply67the67common67goals67of67nursing,67he67or67she67must67ass
ume67the67roles67of67caregiver,67educator,67collaborator,67manager,67and67advocate.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.673 OBJ:
Theory67#267TOP: Art67and67Science67of67Nursing
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
,4. Although67nursing67theories67differ67in67their67attempts67to67define67nursing,67all67of67them6
7base67their67beliefs67on67common67concepts67concerning:
a. self-actualization,67fundamental67needs,67and67belonging.
b. stress67reduction,67self-care,67and67a67systems67model.
c. curative67care,67restorative67care,67and67terminal67care.
d. human67relationships,67the67environment,67and67health.
ANS:6 7 6 7 D
Although67nursing67theories67differ,67they67all67base67their67beliefs67on67human67relationships,67
the67environment,67and67health.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.674 OBJ:
Theory67#267TOP: Nursing67Theories
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
5. Standards67of67care67for67the67nursing67practice67of67the67LPN67are67established67by67the:
a. Boards67of67Nursing67Examiners67in67each67state.
b. National67Council67of67States67Boards67of67Nursing67(NCSBN).
c. American67Nurses67Association67(ANA).
d. National67Association67of67Licensed67Practical67Nurses.
ANS:6 7 6 7 D
The67practical67nurse67follows67standards67written67by67the67National67Association67of67License
d67Practical67Nurses67to67deliver67safe,67knowledgeable67nursing67care67(Box671.1,67Appendix6
7D)
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.676 OBJ:
Theory67#267TOP: Standards67of67Care
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
6. The67LPN67demonstrates67an67evidence-based67practice67by:
a. using67a67drug67manual67to67check67compatibility67of67drugs.
b. using67scientific67information67to67guide67decision67making.
c. using67medical67history67of67a67patient67to67direct67nursing67interventions.
d. basing67nursing67care67on67advice67from67an67experienced67nurse.
ANS:6 7 6 7 B
The67use67of67scientific67information67from67high-
quality67research67to67guide67nursing67decisions67is67reflective67of67the67application67of67evide
nce-based67practice.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.674 OBJ:
Theory67#367TOP: Evidence-Based67Practice
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
7. Lillian67Wald67and67Mary67Brewster67established67the67Henry67Street67Settlement67Service
67in67New67York67in67189367in67order67to:
a. offer67a67shelter67to67injured67war67veterans.
b. found67a67nursing67apprenticeship.
c. provide67health67care67to67poor67persons67living67in67tenements.
d. offer67better67housing67to67low-
income67families.67ANS:6 7 C
, Henry67Street67Settlement67Service67brought67the67provision67of67community67health67care67to67
the67poor67people67living67in67tenements.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.672 OBJ:
Theory67#467TOP: Growth67of67Nursing
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
8. An67educational67pathway67for67an67LPN/LVN67refers67to67an67LPN/LVN:
a. learning67on67the67job67and67being67promoted67to67a67higher67level67of67responsibility.
b. moving67from67a67maternity67unit67to67a67more67complicated67surgical67unit.
c. obtaining67additional67education67to67move67from67one67level67of67nursing67to67another.
d. learning67that67advancement67requires67consistent67work67and67commitment.
ANS:6 7 6 7 C
By67broadening67the67educational67base,67an67LPN/LVN67may67advance67and67build67a67nursing67caree
r.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.677 OBJ:
Theory67#767TOP: Nursing67Education67Pathways
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A67MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
9. When67diagnosis-
related67groups67(DRGs)67were67established67by67Medicare67in671983,67the67purpose67was67to
:
a. put67patients67with67the67same67diagnosis67on67the67same67unit.
b. attempt67to67contain67the67costs67of67health67care.
c. increase67the67availability67of67medical67care67to67older67adults.
d. identify67a67patient‘s67condition67more67quickly.
ANS:6 7 6 7 B
The67purpose67of67instituting67DRGs67was67to67contain67skyrocketing67costs67of67health67care.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Knowledge REF: p.6710 OBJ:
Theory67#1067TOP: Health67Care67Delivery
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A
MSC:6 7 NCLEX:67N/A
10. The67advent67of67diagnosis-
related67groups67(DRGs)67required67that67nurses67working67in67health67care67agencies:
a. record67supportive67documentation67to67confirm67a67patient‘s67need67for67care67in6
7order67to67qualify67for67reimbursement.
b. use67the67DRG67rather67than67their67own67observations67for67patient67assessment.
c. be67aware67of67the67specific67drugs67related67to67the67diagnosis.
d. acquire67cross-training67to67make67staffing67more67flexible.
ANS:6 7 6 7 A
DRGs67required67that67nurses67provide67more67supportive67documentation67of67their67assessme
nts67and67identified67patient‘s67needs67to67qualify67the67facility67for67Medicare67reimbursemen
t.67Observant67assessment67might67also67indicate67another67DRG67classification67and67conseq
uently67more67reimbursement67for67the67facility.
DIF: Cognitive67Level:67Comprehension REF: p.6710 OBJ:
Theory67#1067TOP: Managed67Care
KEY:6 7 Nursing67Process67Step:67N/A
