ARDMS SPI EXAM LATEST EXAM 2025 | ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST VERSION
Question 1
Which gain control directly affects the power of the outgoing ultrasound beam and thus
increases the risk of bioeffects?
A) Receive gain
B) Overall gain
C) TGC (Time Gain Compensation)
D) Transmit gain
E) Compression
Correct Answer: D) transmit
Rationale: Transmit gain (also called output power) directly increases the electrical
energy sent to the transducer, which in turn increases the acoustic power of the
outgoing sound beam, thereby raising the potential for bioeffects.
Question 2
Which component of an ultrasound instrument is considered the memory, where digital image
data is stored for processing and display?
A) Pulser
B) Transducer
C) Receiver
D) Beam former
E) Digital scan converter
Correct Answer: E) digital scan converter
Rationale: The digital scan converter (or image memory) is where the processed
echo information is converted into a digital format and stored as a frame, ready for
display or further post-processing.
Question 3
Spectral broadening on a Doppler tracing suggests:
A) Laminar flow
B) Turbulent flow
C) Flow away from the transducer
,D) Flow towards the transducer
E) Plug flow
Correct Answer: B) turbulent flow
Rationale: Spectral broadening (a wider range of Doppler shift frequencies within the
spectral display) indicates a broader range of velocities and flow directions within
the sample volume, which is characteristic of turbulent flow.
Question 4
With pulse wave Doppler, how does axial resolution typically behave?
A) Improves
B) Degrades
C) Remains constant
D) Is not applicable
E) Improves with higher gain
Correct Answer: B) degrades
Rationale: Pulse Wave Doppler uses a longer pulse duration than B-mode imaging to
accurately detect velocity, and this longer pulse duration inherently degrades axial
(range) resolution.
Question 5
What color is usually used in a color flow Doppler variance map to indicate turbulent flow?
A) Red
B) Blue
C) Yellow
D) Green
E) Magenta
Correct Answer: D) green
Rationale: In color Doppler variance mode, green is typically encoded to represent
variance or turbulence in blood flow, indicating a chaotic and wide range of
velocities within the sample volume.
Question 6
The Doppler high-pass filter is designed to eliminate:
,A) Low amplitude signals; low velocity flow
B) High amplitude signals; low velocity flow
C) High frequency signals; high velocity flow
D) Low frequency signals; high velocity flow
E) Only artifactual signals from tissue motion
Correct Answer: B) high amplitude signals; low velocity flow
Rationale: The Doppler high-pass filter (or wall filter) filters out low-frequency, high-
amplitude Doppler shifts produced by vessel walls and tissue motion, allowing
visualization of higher-velocity blood flow.
Question 7
The Doppler wall filter is considered a:
A) Low pass filter
B) High pass filter
C) Band pass filter
D) Band reject filter
E) Notch filter
Correct Answer: B) high pass filter
Rationale: A high-pass filter allows frequencies above a certain threshold to pass
through while attenuating (filtering out) frequencies below that threshold. The wall
filter removes low-frequency signals from slow-moving tissue.
Question 8
The Nyquist Limit is equal to:
A) Propagation speed x frequency
B) Propagation speed / wavelength
C) PRF/2
D) 4 x V^2
E) Twice the operating frequency
Correct Answer: C) PRF/2
Rationale: The Nyquist limit is the maximum Doppler shift frequency that can be
, accurately detected without aliasing. It is always equal to one-half of the pulse
repetition frequency (PRF).
Question 9
Multiple echoes, equally spaced, originating from a gas bubble or highly reflective interface, are
called:
A) Comet tail
B) Ring down
C) Slice thickness artifact
D) Multipath
E) Reverberation
Correct Answer: A) comet tail
Rationale: A comet tail artifact appears as a series of closely spaced, parallel lines or
a tapering "tail" distal to a highly reflective structure, often caused by small gas
bubbles or cholesterol crystals.
Question 10
An increase in red blood cell velocity will _____ the Doppler Shift.
A) Increase
B) Decrease
C) Not change
D) Cannot be predicted
E) First increase, then decrease
Correct Answer: A) increase
Rationale: The Doppler shift is directly proportional to the velocity of the red blood
cells. Higher velocity results in a larger shift in frequency between the transmitted
and received sound.
Question 11
The primary advantage of Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler is:
A) Range resolution
B) Range discrimination
C) Range ambiguity
CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST VERSION
Question 1
Which gain control directly affects the power of the outgoing ultrasound beam and thus
increases the risk of bioeffects?
A) Receive gain
B) Overall gain
C) TGC (Time Gain Compensation)
D) Transmit gain
E) Compression
Correct Answer: D) transmit
Rationale: Transmit gain (also called output power) directly increases the electrical
energy sent to the transducer, which in turn increases the acoustic power of the
outgoing sound beam, thereby raising the potential for bioeffects.
Question 2
Which component of an ultrasound instrument is considered the memory, where digital image
data is stored for processing and display?
A) Pulser
B) Transducer
C) Receiver
D) Beam former
E) Digital scan converter
Correct Answer: E) digital scan converter
Rationale: The digital scan converter (or image memory) is where the processed
echo information is converted into a digital format and stored as a frame, ready for
display or further post-processing.
Question 3
Spectral broadening on a Doppler tracing suggests:
A) Laminar flow
B) Turbulent flow
C) Flow away from the transducer
,D) Flow towards the transducer
E) Plug flow
Correct Answer: B) turbulent flow
Rationale: Spectral broadening (a wider range of Doppler shift frequencies within the
spectral display) indicates a broader range of velocities and flow directions within
the sample volume, which is characteristic of turbulent flow.
Question 4
With pulse wave Doppler, how does axial resolution typically behave?
A) Improves
B) Degrades
C) Remains constant
D) Is not applicable
E) Improves with higher gain
Correct Answer: B) degrades
Rationale: Pulse Wave Doppler uses a longer pulse duration than B-mode imaging to
accurately detect velocity, and this longer pulse duration inherently degrades axial
(range) resolution.
Question 5
What color is usually used in a color flow Doppler variance map to indicate turbulent flow?
A) Red
B) Blue
C) Yellow
D) Green
E) Magenta
Correct Answer: D) green
Rationale: In color Doppler variance mode, green is typically encoded to represent
variance or turbulence in blood flow, indicating a chaotic and wide range of
velocities within the sample volume.
Question 6
The Doppler high-pass filter is designed to eliminate:
,A) Low amplitude signals; low velocity flow
B) High amplitude signals; low velocity flow
C) High frequency signals; high velocity flow
D) Low frequency signals; high velocity flow
E) Only artifactual signals from tissue motion
Correct Answer: B) high amplitude signals; low velocity flow
Rationale: The Doppler high-pass filter (or wall filter) filters out low-frequency, high-
amplitude Doppler shifts produced by vessel walls and tissue motion, allowing
visualization of higher-velocity blood flow.
Question 7
The Doppler wall filter is considered a:
A) Low pass filter
B) High pass filter
C) Band pass filter
D) Band reject filter
E) Notch filter
Correct Answer: B) high pass filter
Rationale: A high-pass filter allows frequencies above a certain threshold to pass
through while attenuating (filtering out) frequencies below that threshold. The wall
filter removes low-frequency signals from slow-moving tissue.
Question 8
The Nyquist Limit is equal to:
A) Propagation speed x frequency
B) Propagation speed / wavelength
C) PRF/2
D) 4 x V^2
E) Twice the operating frequency
Correct Answer: C) PRF/2
Rationale: The Nyquist limit is the maximum Doppler shift frequency that can be
, accurately detected without aliasing. It is always equal to one-half of the pulse
repetition frequency (PRF).
Question 9
Multiple echoes, equally spaced, originating from a gas bubble or highly reflective interface, are
called:
A) Comet tail
B) Ring down
C) Slice thickness artifact
D) Multipath
E) Reverberation
Correct Answer: A) comet tail
Rationale: A comet tail artifact appears as a series of closely spaced, parallel lines or
a tapering "tail" distal to a highly reflective structure, often caused by small gas
bubbles or cholesterol crystals.
Question 10
An increase in red blood cell velocity will _____ the Doppler Shift.
A) Increase
B) Decrease
C) Not change
D) Cannot be predicted
E) First increase, then decrease
Correct Answer: A) increase
Rationale: The Doppler shift is directly proportional to the velocity of the red blood
cells. Higher velocity results in a larger shift in frequency between the transmitted
and received sound.
Question 11
The primary advantage of Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler is:
A) Range resolution
B) Range discrimination
C) Range ambiguity
