RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM 200 FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Question 1
Which of the following cellular adaptations involves an increase in the number of cells?
A) Hypertrophy
B) Atrophy
C) Metaplasia
D) Hyperplasia
E) Dysplasia
Correct Answer: D) Hyperplasia
Rationale: Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue,
which results in an increase in the size of the organ or tissue.
Question 2
What is the primary role of histamine in the inflammatory response?
A) To inhibit pain perception.
B) To cause vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow.
C) To increase vascular permeability and vasodilation.
D) To stimulate antibody production.
E) To promote tissue repair.
Correct Answer: C) To increase vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Rationale: Histamine is a potent vasodilator and increases the permeability of
capillaries, leading to the characteristic redness, warmth, and swelling associated
with inflammation.
,Question 3
A client presents with a sudden onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) shows ST-segment elevation. Which condition is most likely
occurring?
A) Stable angina
B) Myocardial infarction
C) Pericarditis
D) Pleurisy
E) Cardiomyopathy
Correct Answer: B) Myocardial infarction
Rationale: ST-segment elevation on an ECG, coupled with chest pain and other
symptoms, is a hallmark sign of an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack),
indicating severe myocardial ischemia and injury.
Question 4
Which type of immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from a mother to her fetus across
the placenta?
A) Active natural immunity
B) Passive natural immunity
C) Active artificial immunity
D) Passive artificial immunity
E) Innate immunity
Correct Answer: B) Passive natural immunity
Rationale: Passive natural immunity occurs when antibodies are naturally
, transferred from one individual to another, such as maternal antibodies passing to
a fetus or infant via the placenta or breast milk.
Question 5
A client with chronic kidney disease is likely to develop anemia due to the kidneys' inability to
produce which hormone?
A) Renin
B) Aldosterone
C) Erythropoietin
D) Vitamin D
E) Angiotensin II
Correct Answer: C) Erythropoietin
Rationale: Erythropoietin is a hormone primarily produced by the kidneys that
stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow. In chronic kidney disease,
impaired erythropoietin production leads to anemia.
Question 6
Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant tumors?
A) Slow growth rate.
B) Well-defined borders.
C) Encapsulated.
D) Ability to metastasize.
E) Differentiated cells.
Correct Answer: D) Ability to metastasize.
Rationale: Malignant tumors are characterized by their uncontrolled growth, poorly
ACTUAL EXAM 200 FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Question 1
Which of the following cellular adaptations involves an increase in the number of cells?
A) Hypertrophy
B) Atrophy
C) Metaplasia
D) Hyperplasia
E) Dysplasia
Correct Answer: D) Hyperplasia
Rationale: Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue,
which results in an increase in the size of the organ or tissue.
Question 2
What is the primary role of histamine in the inflammatory response?
A) To inhibit pain perception.
B) To cause vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow.
C) To increase vascular permeability and vasodilation.
D) To stimulate antibody production.
E) To promote tissue repair.
Correct Answer: C) To increase vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Rationale: Histamine is a potent vasodilator and increases the permeability of
capillaries, leading to the characteristic redness, warmth, and swelling associated
with inflammation.
,Question 3
A client presents with a sudden onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) shows ST-segment elevation. Which condition is most likely
occurring?
A) Stable angina
B) Myocardial infarction
C) Pericarditis
D) Pleurisy
E) Cardiomyopathy
Correct Answer: B) Myocardial infarction
Rationale: ST-segment elevation on an ECG, coupled with chest pain and other
symptoms, is a hallmark sign of an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack),
indicating severe myocardial ischemia and injury.
Question 4
Which type of immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from a mother to her fetus across
the placenta?
A) Active natural immunity
B) Passive natural immunity
C) Active artificial immunity
D) Passive artificial immunity
E) Innate immunity
Correct Answer: B) Passive natural immunity
Rationale: Passive natural immunity occurs when antibodies are naturally
, transferred from one individual to another, such as maternal antibodies passing to
a fetus or infant via the placenta or breast milk.
Question 5
A client with chronic kidney disease is likely to develop anemia due to the kidneys' inability to
produce which hormone?
A) Renin
B) Aldosterone
C) Erythropoietin
D) Vitamin D
E) Angiotensin II
Correct Answer: C) Erythropoietin
Rationale: Erythropoietin is a hormone primarily produced by the kidneys that
stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow. In chronic kidney disease,
impaired erythropoietin production leads to anemia.
Question 6
Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant tumors?
A) Slow growth rate.
B) Well-defined borders.
C) Encapsulated.
D) Ability to metastasize.
E) Differentiated cells.
Correct Answer: D) Ability to metastasize.
Rationale: Malignant tumors are characterized by their uncontrolled growth, poorly
