PGY 412 GI/Renal (exam 3) Questions And
Complete Answers
The most common cause of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESRD) is
A. Lupus Erythematosis
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Myocardial Infarction
D. Renal Cancer
E. None of the above choices are compatible with ESRD. - answer B
A patient undergoes surgery to remove a gastric tumor after a course of radiation
therapy. The majority of the stomach is resected, and the small intestines are rerouted
to a small stomach pouch near the lower esophageal junction. As a result of
the surgery, the patient is at risk for developing which condition?
A. Factor VII deficiency
B. Thrombocytopenia
C. Hemolytic anemia
D. Pernicious anemia
E. Beta thalassemia - answer D
A 60-year-old male is diagnosed with renal failure. Which of the following lab values
would be most consistent with this diagnosis?
A. elevated plasma creatinine level
B. decreased plasma potassium level
C. metabolic alkalosis
D. increased urea clearance
E. All of the above would occur. - answer A
,Secretory diarrhea can be caused by:
A. increased secretion of chloride by intestinal crypt cells.
B. opening of CFTR channels.
C. release of histamine from intestinal Mast cells.
D. the cholera toxin.
E. All of the above can cause secretory diarrhea. - answer E
A 17 year old female presents complaining of fever, chills and she is putting out
cokecolored brown urine. Her blood pressure is 180/120 mm Hg. Two weeks earlier she
had a throat infection. This patient most likely has:
A. Nephrotic syndrome.
B. IgA Glomerulopathy.
C. Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
D. Crescentic glomerulonephritis.
E. Amyloidosis. - answer C
A "bird's beak" appearance identified on a barium swallow is consistent with a
diagnosis of:
A. Zenker's diverticulum.
B. GERD.
C. Duodenal ulcer.
D. Achalasia.
E. Diverticulitis. - answer D
. After taking this exam in Buffalo, a student goes on a Himalayan expedition and
climbs to 3 miles above sea level. He remains at that level for 3 weeks performing
experiments on the other climbers at base camp. Choose the point on the diagram
below that best reflects this person's acid-base status. (practice exam Q7)
A. A
B. G
,C. C
D. D
E. F - answer B
A 45 year old man has severe flank pain associated with a stone in his ureter. He has
hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, hypernatremia and hypervolemia. His diagnosis is
most compatible with:
A. intra-renal failure.
B. pre-renal failure.
C. post-renal failure.
D. pyelonephritis
E. None of the above choices are compatible with ARF. - answer C
A patient is in a car accident and suffers a crush injury to both legs. This patient is at
risk for:
A. Acute Tubular Necrosis
B. Glomerulonephritis
C. Nephrotic Syndrome
D. Post-Renal Failure
E. ESRD - answer A
Hypotension and shock are serious consequences of bowel obstruction caused by:
A. a loss of protein to the gut lumen.
B. a neurogenic reflex to the sympathetic nervous system.
C. malabsorption.
D. a shift of fluids to the peritoneal cavity.
E. melena. - answer D
Shortly after undergoing a cystoscopy for a bladder biopsy, a patient present with to
the ER chills, and her temperature is 101° F. She is complaining of flank pain, and
, burning feeling on urination. Her urine has white blood cell casts, and her urine
culture is growing E.coli. This patient most likely has:
A. Nephrotic syndrome.
B. Kidney stones.
C. Acute tubular necrosis.
D. Pyelonephritis.
E. Cancer - answer D
Abdominal pain occurring several hours after eating a meal most likely indicates:
A. a duodenal ulcer.
B. a gastric ulcer.
C. a hiatus hernia.
D. ulcerative colitis.
E. appendicitis. - answer A
A patient presents to a your physician assistant complaining of dysphagia and
regurgitation of undigested food. This patient like has:
A. a gastric ulcer.
B. esophageal varices.
C. an esophageal obstruction.
D. inflammatory bowel disease.
E. chronic alcoholism. - answer C
Celiac Sprue is caused by an allergy to:
A. maltose.
B. lactose.
C. oligopeptides
D. polysaccharides
Complete Answers
The most common cause of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESRD) is
A. Lupus Erythematosis
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Myocardial Infarction
D. Renal Cancer
E. None of the above choices are compatible with ESRD. - answer B
A patient undergoes surgery to remove a gastric tumor after a course of radiation
therapy. The majority of the stomach is resected, and the small intestines are rerouted
to a small stomach pouch near the lower esophageal junction. As a result of
the surgery, the patient is at risk for developing which condition?
A. Factor VII deficiency
B. Thrombocytopenia
C. Hemolytic anemia
D. Pernicious anemia
E. Beta thalassemia - answer D
A 60-year-old male is diagnosed with renal failure. Which of the following lab values
would be most consistent with this diagnosis?
A. elevated plasma creatinine level
B. decreased plasma potassium level
C. metabolic alkalosis
D. increased urea clearance
E. All of the above would occur. - answer A
,Secretory diarrhea can be caused by:
A. increased secretion of chloride by intestinal crypt cells.
B. opening of CFTR channels.
C. release of histamine from intestinal Mast cells.
D. the cholera toxin.
E. All of the above can cause secretory diarrhea. - answer E
A 17 year old female presents complaining of fever, chills and she is putting out
cokecolored brown urine. Her blood pressure is 180/120 mm Hg. Two weeks earlier she
had a throat infection. This patient most likely has:
A. Nephrotic syndrome.
B. IgA Glomerulopathy.
C. Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
D. Crescentic glomerulonephritis.
E. Amyloidosis. - answer C
A "bird's beak" appearance identified on a barium swallow is consistent with a
diagnosis of:
A. Zenker's diverticulum.
B. GERD.
C. Duodenal ulcer.
D. Achalasia.
E. Diverticulitis. - answer D
. After taking this exam in Buffalo, a student goes on a Himalayan expedition and
climbs to 3 miles above sea level. He remains at that level for 3 weeks performing
experiments on the other climbers at base camp. Choose the point on the diagram
below that best reflects this person's acid-base status. (practice exam Q7)
A. A
B. G
,C. C
D. D
E. F - answer B
A 45 year old man has severe flank pain associated with a stone in his ureter. He has
hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, hypernatremia and hypervolemia. His diagnosis is
most compatible with:
A. intra-renal failure.
B. pre-renal failure.
C. post-renal failure.
D. pyelonephritis
E. None of the above choices are compatible with ARF. - answer C
A patient is in a car accident and suffers a crush injury to both legs. This patient is at
risk for:
A. Acute Tubular Necrosis
B. Glomerulonephritis
C. Nephrotic Syndrome
D. Post-Renal Failure
E. ESRD - answer A
Hypotension and shock are serious consequences of bowel obstruction caused by:
A. a loss of protein to the gut lumen.
B. a neurogenic reflex to the sympathetic nervous system.
C. malabsorption.
D. a shift of fluids to the peritoneal cavity.
E. melena. - answer D
Shortly after undergoing a cystoscopy for a bladder biopsy, a patient present with to
the ER chills, and her temperature is 101° F. She is complaining of flank pain, and
, burning feeling on urination. Her urine has white blood cell casts, and her urine
culture is growing E.coli. This patient most likely has:
A. Nephrotic syndrome.
B. Kidney stones.
C. Acute tubular necrosis.
D. Pyelonephritis.
E. Cancer - answer D
Abdominal pain occurring several hours after eating a meal most likely indicates:
A. a duodenal ulcer.
B. a gastric ulcer.
C. a hiatus hernia.
D. ulcerative colitis.
E. appendicitis. - answer A
A patient presents to a your physician assistant complaining of dysphagia and
regurgitation of undigested food. This patient like has:
A. a gastric ulcer.
B. esophageal varices.
C. an esophageal obstruction.
D. inflammatory bowel disease.
E. chronic alcoholism. - answer C
Celiac Sprue is caused by an allergy to:
A. maltose.
B. lactose.
C. oligopeptides
D. polysaccharides
