SPLH 620- EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULLY SOLVED LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
primary sensory areas of "special senses" - Answers -hearing
-vision
-taste
-smell
hearing sensory area - Answers primary auditory cortex
-located in: auditory cortex & temporal lobe
vision sensory area - Answers primary visual cortex
-located in: visual cortex & occipital lobe
taste sensory area - Answers gustatory cortex
-located in: insular lobe (hidden) & in inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe
smell sensory area - Answers olfactory cortex
-located in: temporal lobe
types of hearing loss - Answers -conductive
-sensorineural
Conductive hearing loss - Answers -involves the outer & middle ear
inability of air vibrations to reach the organ of Corti
parts of ear involved in conductive hearing loss - Answers outer & middle ear
sensorineural hearing loss - Answers hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor
cells (hair cells) or to the auditory nerves; also called nerve deafness
damage to hair cells in cochlea can be from..... - Answers long-term exposure to loud noises
damage to the cochlear nerve can be from.... - Answers an infection, damage, or tumor on the
nerve
parts of the outer ear - Answers pinna & ear canal
parts of the middle ear - Answers tympanic membrane & 3 ossicles
3 ossicles in the middle ear - Answers -malleus
,-incus
-stapes
outer ear - Answers
middle ear - Answers
parts of the inner ear - Answers cochlea, vestibular system, semicircular canals
inner ear - Answers
function of outer ear - Answers transmit sound vibrations from the pinna to the tympanic
membrane
function of middle ear - Answers amplification of sound
acoustic --> mechanical
function of inner ear - Answers -transforms sound
-mechanical --> chemoelectrical
-represents sound frequencies
3 chambers of cochlea - Answers 1. scala vestibuli
2. scala media
3. scala tympani
scala vestibuli - Answers -leads from oval window to the apex of the cochlea
-filled with perilymph
scala tympani - Answers -extends from apex of cochlea to round window
-filled with perilymph
scala media - Answers Middle chamber of the cochlea
-filled with endolymph
scala vestibuli - Answers
scala tympani - Answers
scala media - Answers
, the movement of the ___________ starts the movement of the scala ________________. - Answers
stapes ; scala vestibule
organ of corti - Answers sensory organ of hearing
-composed of hair cells
-energy from the cochlea causes the basilar membrane to vibrate... bending the hair cells... &
generate AP
organ of corti contains - Answers hair cells and tectorial membrane
organ of corti - Answers
hair cells - Answers receptor cells for hearing found in the cochlea
# of inner hair cells - Answers 3,500
# of outer hair cells - Answers 15,000
90-95% of all cochlear nerve fibers receive input from which hair cells? - Answers inner hair cells
(IHC)
Inner Hair Cells (IHC) - Answers -sensory function: send information to brain
Outer Hair Cells (OHC) - Answers -cochlear amplifier: amplify the IHC signal by moving the
basilar membrane
-send 'some' information to the brain
tectorial membrane - Answers
tonotopic map - Answers representation in the auditory cortex of different sound frequencies
-high frequencies @ base of basilar membrane
-low frequencies @ apex of basilar membrane
high frequencies are found @ the ______________ of the basilar membrane - Answers base
low frequencies are found @ the ______________ of the basilar membrane - Answers apex
tonotopic map - Answers
depolarization of hair cells - Answers -bend to largest cilia
-K+ channels open & K+ enters the cell...
-increasing the receptor potential
primary sensory areas of "special senses" - Answers -hearing
-vision
-taste
-smell
hearing sensory area - Answers primary auditory cortex
-located in: auditory cortex & temporal lobe
vision sensory area - Answers primary visual cortex
-located in: visual cortex & occipital lobe
taste sensory area - Answers gustatory cortex
-located in: insular lobe (hidden) & in inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe
smell sensory area - Answers olfactory cortex
-located in: temporal lobe
types of hearing loss - Answers -conductive
-sensorineural
Conductive hearing loss - Answers -involves the outer & middle ear
inability of air vibrations to reach the organ of Corti
parts of ear involved in conductive hearing loss - Answers outer & middle ear
sensorineural hearing loss - Answers hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor
cells (hair cells) or to the auditory nerves; also called nerve deafness
damage to hair cells in cochlea can be from..... - Answers long-term exposure to loud noises
damage to the cochlear nerve can be from.... - Answers an infection, damage, or tumor on the
nerve
parts of the outer ear - Answers pinna & ear canal
parts of the middle ear - Answers tympanic membrane & 3 ossicles
3 ossicles in the middle ear - Answers -malleus
,-incus
-stapes
outer ear - Answers
middle ear - Answers
parts of the inner ear - Answers cochlea, vestibular system, semicircular canals
inner ear - Answers
function of outer ear - Answers transmit sound vibrations from the pinna to the tympanic
membrane
function of middle ear - Answers amplification of sound
acoustic --> mechanical
function of inner ear - Answers -transforms sound
-mechanical --> chemoelectrical
-represents sound frequencies
3 chambers of cochlea - Answers 1. scala vestibuli
2. scala media
3. scala tympani
scala vestibuli - Answers -leads from oval window to the apex of the cochlea
-filled with perilymph
scala tympani - Answers -extends from apex of cochlea to round window
-filled with perilymph
scala media - Answers Middle chamber of the cochlea
-filled with endolymph
scala vestibuli - Answers
scala tympani - Answers
scala media - Answers
, the movement of the ___________ starts the movement of the scala ________________. - Answers
stapes ; scala vestibule
organ of corti - Answers sensory organ of hearing
-composed of hair cells
-energy from the cochlea causes the basilar membrane to vibrate... bending the hair cells... &
generate AP
organ of corti contains - Answers hair cells and tectorial membrane
organ of corti - Answers
hair cells - Answers receptor cells for hearing found in the cochlea
# of inner hair cells - Answers 3,500
# of outer hair cells - Answers 15,000
90-95% of all cochlear nerve fibers receive input from which hair cells? - Answers inner hair cells
(IHC)
Inner Hair Cells (IHC) - Answers -sensory function: send information to brain
Outer Hair Cells (OHC) - Answers -cochlear amplifier: amplify the IHC signal by moving the
basilar membrane
-send 'some' information to the brain
tectorial membrane - Answers
tonotopic map - Answers representation in the auditory cortex of different sound frequencies
-high frequencies @ base of basilar membrane
-low frequencies @ apex of basilar membrane
high frequencies are found @ the ______________ of the basilar membrane - Answers base
low frequencies are found @ the ______________ of the basilar membrane - Answers apex
tonotopic map - Answers
depolarization of hair cells - Answers -bend to largest cilia
-K+ channels open & K+ enters the cell...
-increasing the receptor potential
