Quiz 2: Research Methods Exam Questions And Answers

method - ANS what is the best way to research your topic or interest? Theory - ANS What is a good starting point for your research? Starts with theory and moves to hypothesis then observation - ANS Quantitative research Difference between bibliography and literature review - ANS (A) lists the sources separately, followed by short descriptions. (B) analyses all the sources together, examining the relationship between them. Paraphrasing too closely to the original text, even if you do credit the source, is still considered as plagiarism because - ANS You have failed to indicate, by means of direct quotation marks, which are the exact words of the original. The rule is that whenever you use more than three consecutive words of an original text you must put them within quotation marks. Failure to do so is plagiarism. You are guilty of plagiarism if you: - ANS Use the work of another and misrepresent it as your own. You are deliberately trying to suggest that the clever idea or wording was your own creation, which is a lie, and, of course, plagiarism. Drawing information or content from the work of another without acknowledging the source by citing a reference is considered to be plagiarism in all of the following cases except - ANS Using information from the author's work that is regarded as common knowledge in the discipline. It is not necessary to cite information that is common knowledge. One of the ways to judge if something is common knowledge is to ask yourself if anyone in the field would know this information or if no-one would argue against it. For example, it is common knowledge that Pierre Trudeau was Prime Minister of Canada in the 1970's, so you would not have to cite that information. However, if you wanted to say that until the energy crisis beginning in 1973, with its attendant inflation, he had continued the old economic policies of the Liberal governments that had gone before him - then you would need to cite your source. Which of the following is not an example of "padding" a bibliography? - ANS Including in your bibliography works that you consulted but to which you made no direct or indirect reference or use of in your research paper. Since a bibliography is a list of all the works used when doing your research, it might, therefore, quite legitimately include works that you did not specifically cite in the text of your paper, but which were helpful to you as background studies. This term is more often used in the arts and social sciences than in the sciences, which would probably conclude a research paper with "References," or "Works Cited" pages. These last two formats list only the works actually cited in the paper. examples of padding: - ANS Including in your bibliography sources that you did not consult but know would be relevant to the topic of your research paper. Listing the titles of complete works as separate entries in your bibliography when you actually used a single volume made up of excerpts from those works. Including in your bibliography sources that you did not consult directly, but that were referred to in several of the books or articles that you did consult. Why is it insufficient to cite sources for your work through a bibliography alone? - ANS Because by so doing you fail to indicate the exact source(s) of each specific passage. A bibliography is only the list of sources consulted while researching your paper. So if all you do is to include a bibliography (or a Works Cited, or References page) at the end of your essay, you are really not giving credit for the separate items of information in your text and would still be guilty of plagiarism. In fact, if you merely list the sources of your information, you hide the exact source of your information with the literary equivalent of smoke and mirrors; indeed, you may even appear to suggest that some of those ideas in the paper were your own when they were the intellectual property of the original writer. Information provided in your essay must be referenced in all of the following cases except: - ANS When the information describes common knowledge. Information considered to be common knowledge within a field is not referenced. This will vary to some extent from discipline to discipline, but we can say in general that facts that could be found in a general reference book or first-year survey texts need not be referenced. Interpretations commonly held and accepted may not require acknowledgment. Check with your professor when in doubt. You are unable to work out the calculations for your lab report but you know what the correct answer should be. Since your report is due, you take one of your numbers from an old lab report so that you can arrive at the correct answer. Is this considered to be plagiarism? - ANS Having your own over-riding argument and thesis, being analytical, and presenting your own interpretations of the evidence. Integrating quotes and ideas into the text so that they fit in with your own words in a seamless web, and varying the way you introduce your references to the original sources. That way the citations will not be so intrusive. (a) is correct because the ideas and quotations from other sources should serve to flesh out and support the main argument or thesis of your paper, which is your own creation. So your own opinion or theory about the subject should be the driving force of your paper, and the references should be subordinate to this argument, brought in to give the evidence to defend your case. (c) is also correct in that it identifies the way you can avoid having a paper where references are too obtrusive and seem overwhelming. What best describes the rightness or wrongness of plagiarism? - ANS Always wrong because it is theft and fraud Which of the following is not an example of plagiarism? - ANS Providing the full source for a quotation It is acceptable to copy-and-paste a sentence written by someone else into your paper and simply add quotation marks around it. - ANS False To show proper attribution, a writer must put quotation marks around the quoted passage and add a corresponding reference in MLA, APA, or any other format that is accepted. Just adding quotation marks around a paragraph is NOT enough. If you forget to cite a source in your paper, that is still plagiarism. - ANS true