HNF 150 Exam 3 Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Graded A+
Recognize the effects of dehydration on the body
and for athletic performance. - ANSWER --
1-2% drop in body weight (due to dehydration) Recognize the sources of water input and output
results in thirst - ANSWER -Input- fluids, water content in
- 2-3% drop = decreased performance, increased foods, water produced from metabolism
risk of heat illness
- 3-5% body weight reduces blood volume = Output-skin perspiration, lung respiration, feces,
health threat urine
Describe the major roles of water - Recognize the differences between soft and hard
ANSWER --carries nutrients water - ANSWER -Soft water- less minerals
-cleanses tissue and blood than hard water-contains mostly NA, maybe K-
-solvent-> dissolves other substances to create a easier on appliances an pipes-not as palatable
solution
-chemical reactions hard water-> more minerals overall than soft
-lubricant around joints water (especially Ca and Mg)-about 85% of water
-shock absorber in US-leaves deposits
-body temperature
Compare the safety regulations of tap and bottled
Identify the causes, signs and symptoms of water - ANSWER -BOTTLED- disinfection
dehydration - ANSWER -Causes: don't is NOT required, confirmed e coli is NOT banned,
drink enough fluids, diuretics, eat lots of salt and filtering of pathogens is NOT required, and
sugar testing for bacteria is done hundreds 1/week
Signs of mild: thirst, dry mouth, lack of
energy/feeling tired, rough dry skin, sudden TAP-disinfection IS required, confirmed e coli IS
weight loss, rapid pulse, low BP, impaired kidney banned, filtering of pathogens IS required, and
function, reduced urine testing for bacteria is done hundreds
Signs of severe: pale skin, bluish lips and HUNDREDS/month
fingertips, confusion, rapid shallow breathing,
weak rapid irregular pulse, shock, seizures,
coma, death solvent - ANSWER -a substance that
dissolves another and holds it in solution
Recall how water is regulated in the body -
ANSWER -Antidiuretic hormone is released water balance - ANSWER -the balance
in response to an increased concentration of between water intake and water excretion, which
blood. This hormone acts on the kidney to keeps the body's water content constant
increase water retention, therefore blood volume,
and in turn, blood pressure are restored to
normal values. -refer to the video and slides dehydration - ANSWER -loss of water.
discussing the hypothalamus, pituitary gland,
and anti-diuretic hormone The symptoms progress rapidly, from thirst to
,HNF 150 Exam 3 Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Graded A+
weakness to exhaustion and delirium, and end in the amount of an ingested nutrient is absorbed
death. and is available in the body"- Food components
affect digestion and absorption- Mineral
absorption is increased when need is increased:
electrolytes - ANSWER -compounds that deficiency, pregnancy, etc.
separate into ions within water and able to
conduct an electrical current (electrically charged Increase:
mineral) - Gastric acidity
- Vitamin C (iron absorption), Vitamin D (Ca, P,
involved in acid-base balance Mg absorption)
ex. sodium, potassium, chloride
Decrease:
- Physic acids = whole grain fibers, breads,
diuretics - ANSWER -a compound, usually legumes
a medication, causing increased urinary water - Oxalic acid = leafy green plants
excretion - Polyphenols = tea, chocolate, wine
- High dose of supplements of single minerals
"water pill"
Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
ions - ANSWER -electrically charged
each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
particles, such as sodium (positively charged) or
from food/main food sources
chloride (negatively charged)
*Iodine* - ANSWER -Functions:
1. Aids in regulating the BMR
hyponatremia - ANSWER -a decreased 2. Needed for synthesis of thyroid hormones:
thyroxine and triodothyronine
concentration of sodium in the blood
3. Thyroid hormones: Regulate BMR,
Macronutrient metabolism, Brain & Nervous
System Development, and Growth
Recognize the roles of minerals in maintaining
fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance -
Deficiency: Goiter, Cretinism
ANSWER -Minerals form salts that dissolve
in the body and direct where water goesterm-48 Symptoms:
because water follows salt. They separate into 1. Goiter - slowed metabolism, feeling cold,
electrically charged particles called electrolytes. depression
To control the flow of water, the body moves 2. Cretinism - sevre intellectual dsability, loss of
these electrolytes from one body compartment to hearing and speech, very short stature
another to keep a proper balance
Food Sources: iodized salt (processed foods),
saltwater seafood, seaweed, foods grown in
State components of food that increase and iodine-rich soil, and dairy
decrease bioavailablity and absorption, and
general characteristics of transport of minerals -
ANSWER -Bioavailability: "degree to which Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
, HNF 150 Exam 3 Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Graded A+
body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
from food/main food sources Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
*Zinc* - ANSWER -Functions: body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
1. Example Functions: Works w/ proteins to help each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
enzymes for: from food/main food sources
-Make part of the cells genetic materials *Calcium* - ANSWER -Functions: - stored
(DNA/RNA) in bones & teeth
-Make heme in hemoglobin, 1. Bone remodeling (ongoing process of
-Help the pancreas w/ its digestive functions rebuilding & repair) - bones, teeth, and living
-Help metabolize CHO, protein & fat tissue
-Immunity 2. Nerve transmission
-Antioxidant 3. Blood pressure
4. Bloodclotting
2. Overt: Affects behavior and learning, Assists in 5. Muscle contraction and heartbeat
immune function, Essential to wound healing, 6. Release of insulin
Sperm Production, Taste Perception & Fetal
Development Deficiency: Rickets, Osteoporosis (Osteopenia,
Kyphosis)
3. 4 MAIN: DNA synthesis, Helps reactions,
Antioxidant, digestion Symptoms: low peak bone mass, bone loss,
bone pain, soft bones, bowed legs, short
Deficiency/Symptoms: loss of appetite and sense stature/growth retardation, enlargement of ends
of taste, delayed growth (stunting) and sexual of long bones, deformities of ribs, poorly formed
maturation, immune dysfunction: dermatitis & teeth, weakened muscles, increased Ca in stools
diarrhea, birth defects & infant mortality & compressed vertebrae and fractures
Food Sources: mollusks, red meat, seafood, Food Sources: dairy, leafy greens, fortified juices,
nuts, legumes, whole grain (not fortified in refined non-dairy milk and cereals, calcium-set tofu (high
grains), dairy (plant-based sources not well oxalate = spinach, swiss chard, rhubarb)
abosrbed) -50% of Ca comes from dairy products
Identify the main functions of each mineral in the Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
from food/main food sources from food/main food sources
*Fluoride* - ANSWER -Functions: promotes *Magnesium* - ANSWER -Functions:
re-mineralization of tooth enamel 1. Assists in enzyme function
2. Energy metabolism
Deficiency/symptoms: nausea, diarrhea, 3. Affect metabolism of potassium, calcium & vit
seizures, coma D
4. Protein formation
Food Sources: fluoridated water, tea, seafood, 5. Muscular relaxation
and seaweed 6. Provides resistance to tooth decay
Graded A+
Recognize the effects of dehydration on the body
and for athletic performance. - ANSWER --
1-2% drop in body weight (due to dehydration) Recognize the sources of water input and output
results in thirst - ANSWER -Input- fluids, water content in
- 2-3% drop = decreased performance, increased foods, water produced from metabolism
risk of heat illness
- 3-5% body weight reduces blood volume = Output-skin perspiration, lung respiration, feces,
health threat urine
Describe the major roles of water - Recognize the differences between soft and hard
ANSWER --carries nutrients water - ANSWER -Soft water- less minerals
-cleanses tissue and blood than hard water-contains mostly NA, maybe K-
-solvent-> dissolves other substances to create a easier on appliances an pipes-not as palatable
solution
-chemical reactions hard water-> more minerals overall than soft
-lubricant around joints water (especially Ca and Mg)-about 85% of water
-shock absorber in US-leaves deposits
-body temperature
Compare the safety regulations of tap and bottled
Identify the causes, signs and symptoms of water - ANSWER -BOTTLED- disinfection
dehydration - ANSWER -Causes: don't is NOT required, confirmed e coli is NOT banned,
drink enough fluids, diuretics, eat lots of salt and filtering of pathogens is NOT required, and
sugar testing for bacteria is done hundreds 1/week
Signs of mild: thirst, dry mouth, lack of
energy/feeling tired, rough dry skin, sudden TAP-disinfection IS required, confirmed e coli IS
weight loss, rapid pulse, low BP, impaired kidney banned, filtering of pathogens IS required, and
function, reduced urine testing for bacteria is done hundreds
Signs of severe: pale skin, bluish lips and HUNDREDS/month
fingertips, confusion, rapid shallow breathing,
weak rapid irregular pulse, shock, seizures,
coma, death solvent - ANSWER -a substance that
dissolves another and holds it in solution
Recall how water is regulated in the body -
ANSWER -Antidiuretic hormone is released water balance - ANSWER -the balance
in response to an increased concentration of between water intake and water excretion, which
blood. This hormone acts on the kidney to keeps the body's water content constant
increase water retention, therefore blood volume,
and in turn, blood pressure are restored to
normal values. -refer to the video and slides dehydration - ANSWER -loss of water.
discussing the hypothalamus, pituitary gland,
and anti-diuretic hormone The symptoms progress rapidly, from thirst to
,HNF 150 Exam 3 Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Graded A+
weakness to exhaustion and delirium, and end in the amount of an ingested nutrient is absorbed
death. and is available in the body"- Food components
affect digestion and absorption- Mineral
absorption is increased when need is increased:
electrolytes - ANSWER -compounds that deficiency, pregnancy, etc.
separate into ions within water and able to
conduct an electrical current (electrically charged Increase:
mineral) - Gastric acidity
- Vitamin C (iron absorption), Vitamin D (Ca, P,
involved in acid-base balance Mg absorption)
ex. sodium, potassium, chloride
Decrease:
- Physic acids = whole grain fibers, breads,
diuretics - ANSWER -a compound, usually legumes
a medication, causing increased urinary water - Oxalic acid = leafy green plants
excretion - Polyphenols = tea, chocolate, wine
- High dose of supplements of single minerals
"water pill"
Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
ions - ANSWER -electrically charged
each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
particles, such as sodium (positively charged) or
from food/main food sources
chloride (negatively charged)
*Iodine* - ANSWER -Functions:
1. Aids in regulating the BMR
hyponatremia - ANSWER -a decreased 2. Needed for synthesis of thyroid hormones:
thyroxine and triodothyronine
concentration of sodium in the blood
3. Thyroid hormones: Regulate BMR,
Macronutrient metabolism, Brain & Nervous
System Development, and Growth
Recognize the roles of minerals in maintaining
fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance -
Deficiency: Goiter, Cretinism
ANSWER -Minerals form salts that dissolve
in the body and direct where water goesterm-48 Symptoms:
because water follows salt. They separate into 1. Goiter - slowed metabolism, feeling cold,
electrically charged particles called electrolytes. depression
To control the flow of water, the body moves 2. Cretinism - sevre intellectual dsability, loss of
these electrolytes from one body compartment to hearing and speech, very short stature
another to keep a proper balance
Food Sources: iodized salt (processed foods),
saltwater seafood, seaweed, foods grown in
State components of food that increase and iodine-rich soil, and dairy
decrease bioavailablity and absorption, and
general characteristics of transport of minerals -
ANSWER -Bioavailability: "degree to which Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
, HNF 150 Exam 3 Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Graded A+
body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
from food/main food sources Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
*Zinc* - ANSWER -Functions: body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
1. Example Functions: Works w/ proteins to help each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
enzymes for: from food/main food sources
-Make part of the cells genetic materials *Calcium* - ANSWER -Functions: - stored
(DNA/RNA) in bones & teeth
-Make heme in hemoglobin, 1. Bone remodeling (ongoing process of
-Help the pancreas w/ its digestive functions rebuilding & repair) - bones, teeth, and living
-Help metabolize CHO, protein & fat tissue
-Immunity 2. Nerve transmission
-Antioxidant 3. Blood pressure
4. Bloodclotting
2. Overt: Affects behavior and learning, Assists in 5. Muscle contraction and heartbeat
immune function, Essential to wound healing, 6. Release of insulin
Sperm Production, Taste Perception & Fetal
Development Deficiency: Rickets, Osteoporosis (Osteopenia,
Kyphosis)
3. 4 MAIN: DNA synthesis, Helps reactions,
Antioxidant, digestion Symptoms: low peak bone mass, bone loss,
bone pain, soft bones, bowed legs, short
Deficiency/Symptoms: loss of appetite and sense stature/growth retardation, enlargement of ends
of taste, delayed growth (stunting) and sexual of long bones, deformities of ribs, poorly formed
maturation, immune dysfunction: dermatitis & teeth, weakened muscles, increased Ca in stools
diarrhea, birth defects & infant mortality & compressed vertebrae and fractures
Food Sources: mollusks, red meat, seafood, Food Sources: dairy, leafy greens, fortified juices,
nuts, legumes, whole grain (not fortified in refined non-dairy milk and cereals, calcium-set tofu (high
grains), dairy (plant-based sources not well oxalate = spinach, swiss chard, rhubarb)
abosrbed) -50% of Ca comes from dairy products
Identify the main functions of each mineral in the Identify the main functions of each mineral in the
body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for body, deficiency diseases and/or symptoms for
each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral each mineral, best ways to obtain each mineral
from food/main food sources from food/main food sources
*Fluoride* - ANSWER -Functions: promotes *Magnesium* - ANSWER -Functions:
re-mineralization of tooth enamel 1. Assists in enzyme function
2. Energy metabolism
Deficiency/symptoms: nausea, diarrhea, 3. Affect metabolism of potassium, calcium & vit
seizures, coma D
4. Protein formation
Food Sources: fluoridated water, tea, seafood, 5. Muscular relaxation
and seaweed 6. Provides resistance to tooth decay
