TExES Social Studies 7-12 (232) Texas
History & Government Exam Questions
with complete solutions 2025/2026 A+
Graded 100% Verified
Comanche, Apache, Kiowa - ANS-These Native American tribes lived on the plains
Comanches - ANS-They migrated to Texas from Wyoming during the 1600s. By the late 1600s,
they acquired horses by raiding Pueblo villages. They were the most skilled tribe in terms of
horse breeding and training. They were feared and respected for their great mobility,
horsemanship, and ferocity during warfare.
Lipans - ANS-They were one of the most important subgroups of the Apaches in Texas. Initially,
they had made serious trouble by raiding tribes for food and plunder. They were mainly a
nomadic group subsisting on hunting-gathering and raiding other tribes. They gained horses
after raiding Spanish and Pueblo settlements, which made them even more formidable.
Kiowas - ANS-Known as the "main people", migrated from western Montana to the Black Hills
during the early 1700s. At this time, they obtained horses, which drastically improved their
mobility and led to a lifestyle that was rather typical of the other Plain groups who hunted buffalo
and lived in tepees. In contrast, they had several characteristics similar to the Aztecs such as
drawing pictographic calendars to record tribal events and worshiping similar stone idol. By the
1790s, they had migrated to present-day southern Kansas and Oklahoma, becoming powerful
allies of their Comanche and Apache neighbors.
Tonkawas - ANS-Located in central Texas. They were a mobile tribe much like the Comanches
and hunted bison, deer, and an assortment of smaller game. They had early contact with the
Spanish resulting in the tribe obtaining horses by the mid-1500s. They were the traditional
enemy of the Apaches, often siding with whoever fought against them.
Coahuiltecans - ANS-This Native American tribe lived along the Gulf
Coahuiltecans - ANS-Lived near the Rio Grande. They survived on roots, herbs, and cactus
plants. Due to their relatively remote location, decimation from disease, and inter-tribal warfare,
this tribe became extinct at an early date.
,Karankawas - ANS-Lived on the gulf between the current sites of Galveston and Corpus
Christi. They were nomadic hunter-gatherers who relied on small game and fish for sustenance.
They were known for being tall and muscular, wearing very little clothing. They were also
famous for practicing ceremonial cannibalism in which they would consume parts of conquered
enemies.
Caddoes - ANS-Located in Northern Texas. They were the most culturally advanced group in
the region. They had matrilineal society, tracing their lineage through the maternal instead of the
paternal line. They were successful agriculturalists who grew maize, beans, watermelons, figs,
tobacco, and squash. They were mentioned by the Spanish explorers as "Tejas", which means
"friend" in the native language.
Caddoes - ANS-This American Indian tribes inhabited present day Texas and is best known for
construction of ceremonial mounds
Lived off the land - ANS-All Native American tribes did this to survive
Tools - ANS-All Native Americans were resourceful in constructing these
Writing or many scientific advances - ANS-Only a few of the Native American tribes had these
Aztecs - ANS-This tribe lived in present day Mexico
Incas - ANS-This tribe lived along the Andes Mountains and of South America and Peru
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had advanced trading networks
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had advanced agriculture
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had numerous craftsmen and merchants
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had writing systems, calendars, advanced
mathematics, and medical advances
Cultural Assimilation - ANS-Occurred when Native Americans began to adapt to the Hispanic
Culture in Texas. This assimilation initially happened through intermediaries, but eventually from
the Spanish themselves.
Lt. Alonso Alvarez de Pineda - ANS-Earliest known European to have sailed along the Texas
coast in 1519. He was sent on a mission by the Spanish governor of Jamaica in search of
resources. His expedition established that Florida was a peninsula, established the boundaries
of the Gulf of Mexico, and disproved a sea passage to Asia.
, Cabeza de la Vaca - ANS-He was shipwrecked and explored Texas and traded with Native
Americans
Cabeza de la Vaca - ANS-Spanish explorer who explored most of the region that would
eventually be known as Texas. He wrote detailed accounts of his dealings with many Native
American tribes in the region in La Relacion.
Estevanico - ANS-African slave who was shipwrecked with de la Vaca and served as
interpreter since he was gifted in learning new languages
Jose de Escandon - ANS-First Spanish governor of Nuevo Santander, which extended from the
Panuco River to the Guadalupe River in present-day Texas. He was known as the Exterminator
of the Pames of Queretaro for his barbaric behavior toward Native Americans.
Coronado - ANS-He searched for the Seven Cities of Cibola
Coronado - ANS-Earliest known European to have explored the Americas Spanish explorer. He
led an expedition through what is now the southwestern United States including North Texas.
Cavalier and La Salle - ANS-He claimed Matagorda Bay for France and ended up establishing
Fort St. Louis on the Texas coast
Destroy French settlement at Ft. St. Louis - ANS-To preserve the Spanish claims to land in
Texas in the 1680s, Alonso de León was sent on several expeditions to
Franciscan monks from Spain - ANS-They were responsible for setting up numerous missions
throughout Texas and the American Southwest
Spanish Missions - ANS-Their purpose was to convert and civilize Native Americans
Spanish Missions - ANS-After the establishment of several missions, the conversion of many
Native American Tribes as well as the establishment of towns such as San Antonio , Goliad, and
Nacogdoches was possible. Because of Native American attacks, the population was very small
until 1785 when a peace agreement with the Comanches was drawn up.
Alamo - ANS-The most well known mission in Texas set up in San Antonio
Goliad and Nacgdoches - ANS-Other well known Spanish missions set up in Texas were known
as these
Missionary period - ANS-Known as this, it prospered from 1716-1789
Fray Damian Massanet - ANS-Spanish Franciscan priest who co-founded the first mission in
New Spain in 1683 with Francisco Hidalgo, the College of Santa Cruz de Queretaro. In April
History & Government Exam Questions
with complete solutions 2025/2026 A+
Graded 100% Verified
Comanche, Apache, Kiowa - ANS-These Native American tribes lived on the plains
Comanches - ANS-They migrated to Texas from Wyoming during the 1600s. By the late 1600s,
they acquired horses by raiding Pueblo villages. They were the most skilled tribe in terms of
horse breeding and training. They were feared and respected for their great mobility,
horsemanship, and ferocity during warfare.
Lipans - ANS-They were one of the most important subgroups of the Apaches in Texas. Initially,
they had made serious trouble by raiding tribes for food and plunder. They were mainly a
nomadic group subsisting on hunting-gathering and raiding other tribes. They gained horses
after raiding Spanish and Pueblo settlements, which made them even more formidable.
Kiowas - ANS-Known as the "main people", migrated from western Montana to the Black Hills
during the early 1700s. At this time, they obtained horses, which drastically improved their
mobility and led to a lifestyle that was rather typical of the other Plain groups who hunted buffalo
and lived in tepees. In contrast, they had several characteristics similar to the Aztecs such as
drawing pictographic calendars to record tribal events and worshiping similar stone idol. By the
1790s, they had migrated to present-day southern Kansas and Oklahoma, becoming powerful
allies of their Comanche and Apache neighbors.
Tonkawas - ANS-Located in central Texas. They were a mobile tribe much like the Comanches
and hunted bison, deer, and an assortment of smaller game. They had early contact with the
Spanish resulting in the tribe obtaining horses by the mid-1500s. They were the traditional
enemy of the Apaches, often siding with whoever fought against them.
Coahuiltecans - ANS-This Native American tribe lived along the Gulf
Coahuiltecans - ANS-Lived near the Rio Grande. They survived on roots, herbs, and cactus
plants. Due to their relatively remote location, decimation from disease, and inter-tribal warfare,
this tribe became extinct at an early date.
,Karankawas - ANS-Lived on the gulf between the current sites of Galveston and Corpus
Christi. They were nomadic hunter-gatherers who relied on small game and fish for sustenance.
They were known for being tall and muscular, wearing very little clothing. They were also
famous for practicing ceremonial cannibalism in which they would consume parts of conquered
enemies.
Caddoes - ANS-Located in Northern Texas. They were the most culturally advanced group in
the region. They had matrilineal society, tracing their lineage through the maternal instead of the
paternal line. They were successful agriculturalists who grew maize, beans, watermelons, figs,
tobacco, and squash. They were mentioned by the Spanish explorers as "Tejas", which means
"friend" in the native language.
Caddoes - ANS-This American Indian tribes inhabited present day Texas and is best known for
construction of ceremonial mounds
Lived off the land - ANS-All Native American tribes did this to survive
Tools - ANS-All Native Americans were resourceful in constructing these
Writing or many scientific advances - ANS-Only a few of the Native American tribes had these
Aztecs - ANS-This tribe lived in present day Mexico
Incas - ANS-This tribe lived along the Andes Mountains and of South America and Peru
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had advanced trading networks
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had advanced agriculture
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had numerous craftsmen and merchants
Aztecs and Incas - ANS-Both of these tribes had writing systems, calendars, advanced
mathematics, and medical advances
Cultural Assimilation - ANS-Occurred when Native Americans began to adapt to the Hispanic
Culture in Texas. This assimilation initially happened through intermediaries, but eventually from
the Spanish themselves.
Lt. Alonso Alvarez de Pineda - ANS-Earliest known European to have sailed along the Texas
coast in 1519. He was sent on a mission by the Spanish governor of Jamaica in search of
resources. His expedition established that Florida was a peninsula, established the boundaries
of the Gulf of Mexico, and disproved a sea passage to Asia.
, Cabeza de la Vaca - ANS-He was shipwrecked and explored Texas and traded with Native
Americans
Cabeza de la Vaca - ANS-Spanish explorer who explored most of the region that would
eventually be known as Texas. He wrote detailed accounts of his dealings with many Native
American tribes in the region in La Relacion.
Estevanico - ANS-African slave who was shipwrecked with de la Vaca and served as
interpreter since he was gifted in learning new languages
Jose de Escandon - ANS-First Spanish governor of Nuevo Santander, which extended from the
Panuco River to the Guadalupe River in present-day Texas. He was known as the Exterminator
of the Pames of Queretaro for his barbaric behavior toward Native Americans.
Coronado - ANS-He searched for the Seven Cities of Cibola
Coronado - ANS-Earliest known European to have explored the Americas Spanish explorer. He
led an expedition through what is now the southwestern United States including North Texas.
Cavalier and La Salle - ANS-He claimed Matagorda Bay for France and ended up establishing
Fort St. Louis on the Texas coast
Destroy French settlement at Ft. St. Louis - ANS-To preserve the Spanish claims to land in
Texas in the 1680s, Alonso de León was sent on several expeditions to
Franciscan monks from Spain - ANS-They were responsible for setting up numerous missions
throughout Texas and the American Southwest
Spanish Missions - ANS-Their purpose was to convert and civilize Native Americans
Spanish Missions - ANS-After the establishment of several missions, the conversion of many
Native American Tribes as well as the establishment of towns such as San Antonio , Goliad, and
Nacogdoches was possible. Because of Native American attacks, the population was very small
until 1785 when a peace agreement with the Comanches was drawn up.
Alamo - ANS-The most well known mission in Texas set up in San Antonio
Goliad and Nacgdoches - ANS-Other well known Spanish missions set up in Texas were known
as these
Missionary period - ANS-Known as this, it prospered from 1716-1789
Fray Damian Massanet - ANS-Spanish Franciscan priest who co-founded the first mission in
New Spain in 1683 with Francisco Hidalgo, the College of Santa Cruz de Queretaro. In April
