Microbiology Exam Questions And
Answers
/. Cell - Answer-the smallest unit that can perform all the processes necessary for life
/.cell membrane - Answer-the protective layer that covers the cell's surface and acts as
a barrier
/.cytoplasm - Answer-the fluid inside the cell
/.organelles - Answer-structures that perform specific functions within the cell
/.DNA - Answer-deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material that carries information
needed to make new cells and new organisms
/.Nucleus - Answer-a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA
/.Prokaryotes - Answer-single-celled organisms that do not have a nuicleus or
membrane-bound organelles
/.Eukaryotes - Answer-an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a
membrane
/.Multicellular - Answer-means "many cells"
/.cell wall - Answer-a rigid structure that gives support to a cell and is the outermost
structure of a cell
/.ribosomes - Answer-cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein
synthesis
/.endoplasmic reticulum - Answer-a system of folded membranes in which proteins,
lipids, and other materials are made
/.mitochondria - Answer-the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy
/.ATP - Answer-adenosine triphosphate
/.Chloroplasts - Answer-organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosythesis takes
place
/.Photosynthesis - Answer-the process by which plants and algae use sunlight, carbon
dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen
Answers
/. Cell - Answer-the smallest unit that can perform all the processes necessary for life
/.cell membrane - Answer-the protective layer that covers the cell's surface and acts as
a barrier
/.cytoplasm - Answer-the fluid inside the cell
/.organelles - Answer-structures that perform specific functions within the cell
/.DNA - Answer-deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material that carries information
needed to make new cells and new organisms
/.Nucleus - Answer-a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA
/.Prokaryotes - Answer-single-celled organisms that do not have a nuicleus or
membrane-bound organelles
/.Eukaryotes - Answer-an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a
membrane
/.Multicellular - Answer-means "many cells"
/.cell wall - Answer-a rigid structure that gives support to a cell and is the outermost
structure of a cell
/.ribosomes - Answer-cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein
synthesis
/.endoplasmic reticulum - Answer-a system of folded membranes in which proteins,
lipids, and other materials are made
/.mitochondria - Answer-the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy
/.ATP - Answer-adenosine triphosphate
/.Chloroplasts - Answer-organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosythesis takes
place
/.Photosynthesis - Answer-the process by which plants and algae use sunlight, carbon
dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen
