Psy 263 Exam 1: Illinois State University
Final Test Questions Fully Solved 2025-
2026 Edition.
The Mind-Body "Problem" - Answer The relationship between the body and behavior (physical
and observable) to the mind (or psyche/consciousness [self-awareness]: thoughts, feelings,
emotions, or soul)
Dualism - Answer Idea that mind and body are separatebut interact with each other
Monism - Answer Idea that the mind and body are made up of one substance
Physiological Psychology - Answer a science that relies on reduction (explanations using simple
elements) and generalization (creation of general laws) as strategies, and is materialistic
Gene - Answer The biological unit that directs cellular processes and transmits inherited
characteristics.
Neurons - Answer Specialized cells that convey sensory information into the brain; carry out
the operations involved in thought, feeling, and action; and transmit commands out into the
body to control muscles and organs.
Cell body (soma) - Answer Main part; contains nucleus
Nucleus (DNA) - Answer provides intrustions for the cell; influences cell
Cytoplasm - Answer water based solution inside cell; has salt and sodium dissolved in it. Helps
keep cell alive & functioning
Golgi Apparatus & Endoplastic Reticulum with Ribosomes - Answer protein synthesis. amino
acids = (>or= 100)
peptides = (<or=40)
, Microtubles (and neurofilaments) - Answer Skeleton within the cell.
What the cell wall grows over.
Specializations of neurons - Answer -do not divide
-continual process of repair (or death)
-continual process of remodeling, to maintain and enhance function
Dendrites - Answer -INPUT
-Dendritic Spines: contacts with axons from other neurons
-Neurotransmitter receptors
-Extensions that branch out from the soma to RECEIVE information from other neurons.
Axon - Answer -OUTPUT
-add or subtract enzymes
-Extends like a tail from the soma and carries information to other locations. Covered in a
myelin sheath.
Myelin coating - Answer A fatty tissue produced by glial cells that wraps around axons and
insulates it from the surrounding fluid of other neurons.
Oligodendrocytes - Answer Glial cells in the brain and spinal cord that produce myelin.
Schwann Cells - Answer Glial cells in the PNS that make myelin.
Node of Ranvier - Answer 1 mm gaps in the myelin sheath.
Axon Terminal - Answer -presynaptic membrane
-contains vesicles
-contains chemical neurotransmitters.
Synaptic Cleft - Answer gap between presynaptic (terminal) and postsynaptic (dendrite)
Final Test Questions Fully Solved 2025-
2026 Edition.
The Mind-Body "Problem" - Answer The relationship between the body and behavior (physical
and observable) to the mind (or psyche/consciousness [self-awareness]: thoughts, feelings,
emotions, or soul)
Dualism - Answer Idea that mind and body are separatebut interact with each other
Monism - Answer Idea that the mind and body are made up of one substance
Physiological Psychology - Answer a science that relies on reduction (explanations using simple
elements) and generalization (creation of general laws) as strategies, and is materialistic
Gene - Answer The biological unit that directs cellular processes and transmits inherited
characteristics.
Neurons - Answer Specialized cells that convey sensory information into the brain; carry out
the operations involved in thought, feeling, and action; and transmit commands out into the
body to control muscles and organs.
Cell body (soma) - Answer Main part; contains nucleus
Nucleus (DNA) - Answer provides intrustions for the cell; influences cell
Cytoplasm - Answer water based solution inside cell; has salt and sodium dissolved in it. Helps
keep cell alive & functioning
Golgi Apparatus & Endoplastic Reticulum with Ribosomes - Answer protein synthesis. amino
acids = (>or= 100)
peptides = (<or=40)
, Microtubles (and neurofilaments) - Answer Skeleton within the cell.
What the cell wall grows over.
Specializations of neurons - Answer -do not divide
-continual process of repair (or death)
-continual process of remodeling, to maintain and enhance function
Dendrites - Answer -INPUT
-Dendritic Spines: contacts with axons from other neurons
-Neurotransmitter receptors
-Extensions that branch out from the soma to RECEIVE information from other neurons.
Axon - Answer -OUTPUT
-add or subtract enzymes
-Extends like a tail from the soma and carries information to other locations. Covered in a
myelin sheath.
Myelin coating - Answer A fatty tissue produced by glial cells that wraps around axons and
insulates it from the surrounding fluid of other neurons.
Oligodendrocytes - Answer Glial cells in the brain and spinal cord that produce myelin.
Schwann Cells - Answer Glial cells in the PNS that make myelin.
Node of Ranvier - Answer 1 mm gaps in the myelin sheath.
Axon Terminal - Answer -presynaptic membrane
-contains vesicles
-contains chemical neurotransmitters.
Synaptic Cleft - Answer gap between presynaptic (terminal) and postsynaptic (dendrite)
