Exam 3 NUR 257 Review
For the elderly client its important to note in regards to diabetes mellitus that - answerIt
is diagnosed in the late stages due to lack of symptoms in early stage
What does A1C measure? - answer Average blood glucose over 3 months.
If your elderly client has an acute illness with inability to take oral medications for their
diabetes mellitus what should you as the nurse do? - answer Contact PCP
Why should the nurse take caution when giving metformin (used to treat diabetes type
2) to the elderly - answer Because of the declining kidney function in the elderly
resulting in further decline in kidney function
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus -
answerLimiting saturated fats and encouraging low sodium diet as well as foot care
ensuring they attend podiatrist appointments, checking feet daily encouraging the use of
a mirror to look at plantar surface.
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus about
hypoglycemia - answerLet them know that the brain needs constant glucose supply and
to provide intake of milk and glucagon if the patient passes out or is unable to take
sugar by mouth. It can be injected as needed at the first sign of hypoglycemia. They
should have glucagon on them at all times.
Neuropathy education - answerFeelings of pins/needles in feet usually indicated
increased blood glucose levels.
Education on glucosuria - answerMay cause incontinence, limit saturated fats and carbs
eat low sodium
S/S of hypoglycemia - answerirritable, confusion, tremors, blurred vision, skin cool
clammy, tachycardia
What are the 3 P's of diabetes - answerPolyuria
Polydipsia
Polyhagia
Rapid-acting insulin - answerLispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)
It's taken just before meals
, Short-acting insulin - answerRegular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Taken 30-60 minutes before meals
Intermediate-acting insulin - answerNPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
Usually taken once or twice a day often at bedtime
Long-acting insulin - answerglargine (Lantus)
detemir (Levemir)
Taken once a day typically in the morning
Basal Bolus Regimen with *NPH & Regular* education - answerThis is a combination of
a long acting "basal" insulin to cover background needs throughout the day and a short-
acting "bolus" insulin to manage blood sugar spikes after meals.
You have a patient who has Parkinson's disease what are some nursing considerations
and interventions for feeding. - answerThey have swallowing difficulty so ensure bite
size portions and monitor temperature of fluids ensure the use of adaptive utensils to
improve independence/nutrition.
Your patient who has Parkinson's disease wants to go for a walk what should you do to
ensure safety? - answerWalk with them since they are a fall risk
What are some nursing considerations and interventions in regards to time frames and
scheduling appointments with your patient who has Parkinson's disease - answerThey
function better in early afternoons so make sure to schedule appointments and outings
around then. Ensure podiatry appointments are being attended minimum yearly this can
help prevent a need for amputations.
How often should your patient who has Parkinson's Disease go to their podiatrist and
why? - answerMinimum yearly this can help prevent a need for amputations.
Wernicke's aphasia - answerAphasia resulting from damage to the Wernicke's area of
the frontal lobe. Affects written and spoken language.
Who is most at risk to have a hemorrhagic stroke - answerPatients with uncontrolled
HTN and not compliant with medications.
Your patient is unaware of them having hypertension what should you as the nurse do
next - answerContact PCP for recommendations educate on stress reduction
What is the mechanism of a miocardial infarction - answerIschemia develops blocking
oxygen delivery to the heart
Left side of the brain controls what? - answerright side of the body and logical thinking
Right side of the brain controls what? - answerleft side of the body and abstract thinking
For the elderly client its important to note in regards to diabetes mellitus that - answerIt
is diagnosed in the late stages due to lack of symptoms in early stage
What does A1C measure? - answer Average blood glucose over 3 months.
If your elderly client has an acute illness with inability to take oral medications for their
diabetes mellitus what should you as the nurse do? - answer Contact PCP
Why should the nurse take caution when giving metformin (used to treat diabetes type
2) to the elderly - answer Because of the declining kidney function in the elderly
resulting in further decline in kidney function
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus -
answerLimiting saturated fats and encouraging low sodium diet as well as foot care
ensuring they attend podiatrist appointments, checking feet daily encouraging the use of
a mirror to look at plantar surface.
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus about
hypoglycemia - answerLet them know that the brain needs constant glucose supply and
to provide intake of milk and glucagon if the patient passes out or is unable to take
sugar by mouth. It can be injected as needed at the first sign of hypoglycemia. They
should have glucagon on them at all times.
Neuropathy education - answerFeelings of pins/needles in feet usually indicated
increased blood glucose levels.
Education on glucosuria - answerMay cause incontinence, limit saturated fats and carbs
eat low sodium
S/S of hypoglycemia - answerirritable, confusion, tremors, blurred vision, skin cool
clammy, tachycardia
What are the 3 P's of diabetes - answerPolyuria
Polydipsia
Polyhagia
Rapid-acting insulin - answerLispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)
It's taken just before meals
, Short-acting insulin - answerRegular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Taken 30-60 minutes before meals
Intermediate-acting insulin - answerNPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
Usually taken once or twice a day often at bedtime
Long-acting insulin - answerglargine (Lantus)
detemir (Levemir)
Taken once a day typically in the morning
Basal Bolus Regimen with *NPH & Regular* education - answerThis is a combination of
a long acting "basal" insulin to cover background needs throughout the day and a short-
acting "bolus" insulin to manage blood sugar spikes after meals.
You have a patient who has Parkinson's disease what are some nursing considerations
and interventions for feeding. - answerThey have swallowing difficulty so ensure bite
size portions and monitor temperature of fluids ensure the use of adaptive utensils to
improve independence/nutrition.
Your patient who has Parkinson's disease wants to go for a walk what should you do to
ensure safety? - answerWalk with them since they are a fall risk
What are some nursing considerations and interventions in regards to time frames and
scheduling appointments with your patient who has Parkinson's disease - answerThey
function better in early afternoons so make sure to schedule appointments and outings
around then. Ensure podiatry appointments are being attended minimum yearly this can
help prevent a need for amputations.
How often should your patient who has Parkinson's Disease go to their podiatrist and
why? - answerMinimum yearly this can help prevent a need for amputations.
Wernicke's aphasia - answerAphasia resulting from damage to the Wernicke's area of
the frontal lobe. Affects written and spoken language.
Who is most at risk to have a hemorrhagic stroke - answerPatients with uncontrolled
HTN and not compliant with medications.
Your patient is unaware of them having hypertension what should you as the nurse do
next - answerContact PCP for recommendations educate on stress reduction
What is the mechanism of a miocardial infarction - answerIschemia develops blocking
oxygen delivery to the heart
Left side of the brain controls what? - answerright side of the body and logical thinking
Right side of the brain controls what? - answerleft side of the body and abstract thinking
