BHA EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
Hearing Screening
What is a hearing screening?
Non-diagnostic procedure that tells only whether a child may have a hearing problem and need
to be referred to a primary physician.
Who must be screened?
Children 4 or older that are enrolled in any facility for the first time (within 120 days of
enrollment);
Children enrolled in pre-k and kindergarten (within 120 days of enrollment);
1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th graders (any time during each school year)
Screening requirements:
Both ears must be tested
Less than or equal to 25 dB
For each frequency: 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz
Pure tone:
made up by frequency and intensity
Frequency:
Pitch (how high or low sound is); measured in Hz
Intensity:
Loudness/softness of sound; measured in dB
,Types of hearing loss:
Conductive hearing loss:
occurs with problem to the outer/middle ear (otitis media)
Sensorineural hearing loss:
occurs with problem to the inner ear or neural pathways (congenital factors, severe viral
infections, acoustic trauma)
Mixed hearing loss
Combination of conductive and sensorineural
Screening environment:
Quiet room;
Avoid visual distractions;
Ensure the room has accessibility for disabled persons
Failure/Referral
A child fails the 1st screening if they fail to respond to any 3 of the frequencies
Must be rescreened within 3-4 weeks
If they fail to respond for 2nd screening then refer to primary physician
Extended recheck:
Performed immediately after 2nd rescreening failure
40 dB @ 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz
Reduce dB until child can't hear or reach 20 dB
,If no response at 20 or 30 increase dB by 5 until child hears or reach 40
Vision Screening
What is a vision screening?
Test to determine whether a person's vision falls within normal range. Answers one question:
does the person show possible problems that indicate the need for further assessment?
Who must be screened?
4 yr olds
Pre-k and kindergarten
1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th
Vision acuity:
sharpness of vision
Binocular vision:
combination of two images into a single one
Accommodation:
the ability of the lens adjust in order to focus on an object
Common problems:
Refractive error light rays cannot brought to a single focus
Farsightedness (hyperopia): eye does not focus well on nearby objects
Nearsightedness (myopia): eye does not focus well on distant objects
Astigmatism: cornea or lens is curved more in one area than another.
, Strabismus: cross-eyedness; deviation of an eye/eyes
Amblyopia: "turning off" of an eye
Types of charts:
HOTV Chart
10 ft away only
For children 4-5 yrs (or who do not know alphabet)
Sloan Letter Chart
10 or 20 ft away
For children 6+
Failure/Rescreen
Rescreen in 2-3 weeks; Refer after 2nd screening or if there are any vision problems (red, watery
eyes)
Screening environment:
quiet room
2 ft longer room than chart
Uncluttered wall
Normal light
Passing lines:
20/40 (4 yr olds)
20/30 (5 +)
Practice lines:
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
Hearing Screening
What is a hearing screening?
Non-diagnostic procedure that tells only whether a child may have a hearing problem and need
to be referred to a primary physician.
Who must be screened?
Children 4 or older that are enrolled in any facility for the first time (within 120 days of
enrollment);
Children enrolled in pre-k and kindergarten (within 120 days of enrollment);
1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th graders (any time during each school year)
Screening requirements:
Both ears must be tested
Less than or equal to 25 dB
For each frequency: 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz
Pure tone:
made up by frequency and intensity
Frequency:
Pitch (how high or low sound is); measured in Hz
Intensity:
Loudness/softness of sound; measured in dB
,Types of hearing loss:
Conductive hearing loss:
occurs with problem to the outer/middle ear (otitis media)
Sensorineural hearing loss:
occurs with problem to the inner ear or neural pathways (congenital factors, severe viral
infections, acoustic trauma)
Mixed hearing loss
Combination of conductive and sensorineural
Screening environment:
Quiet room;
Avoid visual distractions;
Ensure the room has accessibility for disabled persons
Failure/Referral
A child fails the 1st screening if they fail to respond to any 3 of the frequencies
Must be rescreened within 3-4 weeks
If they fail to respond for 2nd screening then refer to primary physician
Extended recheck:
Performed immediately after 2nd rescreening failure
40 dB @ 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz
Reduce dB until child can't hear or reach 20 dB
,If no response at 20 or 30 increase dB by 5 until child hears or reach 40
Vision Screening
What is a vision screening?
Test to determine whether a person's vision falls within normal range. Answers one question:
does the person show possible problems that indicate the need for further assessment?
Who must be screened?
4 yr olds
Pre-k and kindergarten
1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th
Vision acuity:
sharpness of vision
Binocular vision:
combination of two images into a single one
Accommodation:
the ability of the lens adjust in order to focus on an object
Common problems:
Refractive error light rays cannot brought to a single focus
Farsightedness (hyperopia): eye does not focus well on nearby objects
Nearsightedness (myopia): eye does not focus well on distant objects
Astigmatism: cornea or lens is curved more in one area than another.
, Strabismus: cross-eyedness; deviation of an eye/eyes
Amblyopia: "turning off" of an eye
Types of charts:
HOTV Chart
10 ft away only
For children 4-5 yrs (or who do not know alphabet)
Sloan Letter Chart
10 or 20 ft away
For children 6+
Failure/Rescreen
Rescreen in 2-3 weeks; Refer after 2nd screening or if there are any vision problems (red, watery
eyes)
Screening environment:
quiet room
2 ft longer room than chart
Uncluttered wall
Normal light
Passing lines:
20/40 (4 yr olds)
20/30 (5 +)
Practice lines:
