8/17/25, 8:58
AM
NURS 104- DIABETES EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
LATEST RELEASE 2025/2026
Terms in this set (105)
Diabetes mellitus a disorder of hyperglycemia resulting from
defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or
both, leading to abnormalities in carbohydrate,
protein, and fat metabolism.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells; 5-10%
of diagnosed cases
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) caused by gradual loss of insulin secretion by beta
cells; 90-95% of diagnosed cases
Gestational diabetes diabetes first diagnosed in second or third
trimester of pregnancy; almost 10% of all
pregnancies
Other specific types of monogenic diabetes syndromes, exocrine
diabetes pancreas diseases, and diabetes caused by
certain drugs or chemicals.
monogenic diabetes syndromes
exocrine pancreas diseases
exocrine
endocrine
1/
13
, 8/17/25, 8:58
AM
cell clusters in the
pancreas that form the
islets of Langerhans endocrine part of that organ,
responsible for metabolism
and glucose regulation
key islet cells alpha, beta, and delta cells
Alpha cells secrete glucagon when blood glucose levels drop,
below 70
Beta cells secrete insulin as blood glucose levels start to rise,
such as after a meal
Delta cells secrete somatostatin, which inhibits secretion of insulin
and glucagon
Glucagon promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose
through glycogenolysis
glycogen the stored form of glucose found predominantly in the
liver and skeletal muscles
Glycogenolysis the breakdown of liver and muscle glycogen
Gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from fats and proteins
Insulin lowers blood promoting glucose transport from the bloodstream into
glucose by the cells
Insulin Peak 30 to 60 minutes
Insulin Baseline 2 to 3 hours
Mellitus "honey"
-complete absence of insulin 3 multiple choice
DM Type 1 options
-autoimmune destruction of beta cells
-Insulin dependent
-Body cell resistance to insulin
2/
13
AM
NURS 104- DIABETES EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
LATEST RELEASE 2025/2026
Terms in this set (105)
Diabetes mellitus a disorder of hyperglycemia resulting from
defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or
both, leading to abnormalities in carbohydrate,
protein, and fat metabolism.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells; 5-10%
of diagnosed cases
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) caused by gradual loss of insulin secretion by beta
cells; 90-95% of diagnosed cases
Gestational diabetes diabetes first diagnosed in second or third
trimester of pregnancy; almost 10% of all
pregnancies
Other specific types of monogenic diabetes syndromes, exocrine
diabetes pancreas diseases, and diabetes caused by
certain drugs or chemicals.
monogenic diabetes syndromes
exocrine pancreas diseases
exocrine
endocrine
1/
13
, 8/17/25, 8:58
AM
cell clusters in the
pancreas that form the
islets of Langerhans endocrine part of that organ,
responsible for metabolism
and glucose regulation
key islet cells alpha, beta, and delta cells
Alpha cells secrete glucagon when blood glucose levels drop,
below 70
Beta cells secrete insulin as blood glucose levels start to rise,
such as after a meal
Delta cells secrete somatostatin, which inhibits secretion of insulin
and glucagon
Glucagon promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose
through glycogenolysis
glycogen the stored form of glucose found predominantly in the
liver and skeletal muscles
Glycogenolysis the breakdown of liver and muscle glycogen
Gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from fats and proteins
Insulin lowers blood promoting glucose transport from the bloodstream into
glucose by the cells
Insulin Peak 30 to 60 minutes
Insulin Baseline 2 to 3 hours
Mellitus "honey"
-complete absence of insulin 3 multiple choice
DM Type 1 options
-autoimmune destruction of beta cells
-Insulin dependent
-Body cell resistance to insulin
2/
13
