Pediatric Nursing HESI Remediation
Questions with Correct Answers
What is the recommended serving size of vegetables for a toddler?
a. 1 tablespoon.
b. 1 teaspoon.
c. 1/2 teaspoon.
d. 1/2 tablespoon. - ANSWERSa
The nurse is providing emergency care for an unconscious child who presents with a
head injury sustained in a fall. Which is the highest nursing priority?
a. Establish an airway.
b. Assess neurological status.
c. Stabilize the spine.
d. Obtain vital signs. - ANSWERSa
he vital signs of a 4-year-old child with polyuria are: BP 80/40, Pulse 118, and
Respirations 24. The child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1, and no
edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?
a. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
b. Start an IV infusion of normal saline.
c. Send a specimen to the lab for urinalysis.
d. Document the child's vital signs and pulses. - ANSWERSb
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child. What behavior indicates that the child's
language development is within normal limits?
a. Is able to name four colors.
b. Can count five blocks.
,c. Is capable of making a three word sentence.
d. Half of child's speech is understandable. - ANSWERSc
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a
female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110.
The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is
upset because her boyfriend did not visit last night. What action should the nurse take
first?
a. Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription for an oral diuretic early.
b. Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
c. Notify the healthcare provider and inform the nursing supervisor of the client's
condition.
d. Attempt to calm the client and retake the blood pressure in thirty minutes. -
ANSWERSb
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache, and
nausea. Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Start another IV of dextrose solution and stay with the child.
b. Continue the transfusion and monitor the child's vital signs.
c. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
d. Slow the transfusion and assess for cessation of symptoms. - ANSWERSc
The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and
preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental
poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instruction?
a. Tell children they should not taste anything but food.
b. Store all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets.
c. Provide special play areas in the house and restrict play in other areas.
d. Punish children if they open cabinets that contain household chemicals. -
ANSWERSb
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an
infant with pyloric stenosis?
,a. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
b. Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
c. Place in a supine position after feeding.
d. Observe for projectile vomiting. - ANSWERSd
Which measurements should be used to accurately calculate a pediatric medication
dosage? Select all that apply.
a. Child's height and weight.
b. Adult dosage of medication.
c. Body surface area of child.
d. Average adult's body surface area.
e. Average pediatric dosage of medication.
f. Nomogram determined mathematical constant. - ANSWERSa,c,f
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's traction. Which
finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
a. Pale bluish coloration of the toes.
b. Skin is warm and dry to the touch.
c. Toes are wiggled upon command.
d. Capillary refill less than 3 seconds. - ANSWERSa
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer
bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a tummy
ache." After reminding the mother to check the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the
presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this
mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
, d/ Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache." -
ANSWERSb
A 12-month-old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible pneumonia. He
is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing intervention has the greatest priority
for this infant?
a. Give small, frequent feedings of fluids.
b. Accurately chart observations regarding breath sounds.
c. Have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions.
d. Encourage older siblings to visit. - ANSWERSc
The nurse is assessing a two-month-old in preparation for surgery for coarctation of the
aorta repair. Which best describes the pathophysiology of coarctation of the aorta?
a. Acyanotic defect, increased pulmonary blood flow.
b. Cyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
c. Acyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
d. Cyanotic defect, decreased pulmonary blood flow. - ANSWERSc
The emergency department nurse is assessing a three-month-old infant suspected to
be a victim of "shaken baby syndrome". Which type of intracranial hemorrhage is
caused by tearing of a meningeal artery that causes an inward expansion of blood from
the inner surface of the skull?
a. Subarachnoid.
b. Epidural.
c. Subdural.
d. Intracerebral. - ANSWERSb
The nurse recognizes signs that a 9-month-old toddler may be living in an abusive
home. Which action is the priority for the nurse?
a. Encourage the child to speak freely.
b. Report the suspected abuse to local authorities.
Questions with Correct Answers
What is the recommended serving size of vegetables for a toddler?
a. 1 tablespoon.
b. 1 teaspoon.
c. 1/2 teaspoon.
d. 1/2 tablespoon. - ANSWERSa
The nurse is providing emergency care for an unconscious child who presents with a
head injury sustained in a fall. Which is the highest nursing priority?
a. Establish an airway.
b. Assess neurological status.
c. Stabilize the spine.
d. Obtain vital signs. - ANSWERSa
he vital signs of a 4-year-old child with polyuria are: BP 80/40, Pulse 118, and
Respirations 24. The child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1, and no
edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?
a. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
b. Start an IV infusion of normal saline.
c. Send a specimen to the lab for urinalysis.
d. Document the child's vital signs and pulses. - ANSWERSb
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child. What behavior indicates that the child's
language development is within normal limits?
a. Is able to name four colors.
b. Can count five blocks.
,c. Is capable of making a three word sentence.
d. Half of child's speech is understandable. - ANSWERSc
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a
female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110.
The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is
upset because her boyfriend did not visit last night. What action should the nurse take
first?
a. Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription for an oral diuretic early.
b. Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
c. Notify the healthcare provider and inform the nursing supervisor of the client's
condition.
d. Attempt to calm the client and retake the blood pressure in thirty minutes. -
ANSWERSb
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache, and
nausea. Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Start another IV of dextrose solution and stay with the child.
b. Continue the transfusion and monitor the child's vital signs.
c. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
d. Slow the transfusion and assess for cessation of symptoms. - ANSWERSc
The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and
preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental
poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instruction?
a. Tell children they should not taste anything but food.
b. Store all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets.
c. Provide special play areas in the house and restrict play in other areas.
d. Punish children if they open cabinets that contain household chemicals. -
ANSWERSb
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an
infant with pyloric stenosis?
,a. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
b. Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
c. Place in a supine position after feeding.
d. Observe for projectile vomiting. - ANSWERSd
Which measurements should be used to accurately calculate a pediatric medication
dosage? Select all that apply.
a. Child's height and weight.
b. Adult dosage of medication.
c. Body surface area of child.
d. Average adult's body surface area.
e. Average pediatric dosage of medication.
f. Nomogram determined mathematical constant. - ANSWERSa,c,f
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's traction. Which
finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
a. Pale bluish coloration of the toes.
b. Skin is warm and dry to the touch.
c. Toes are wiggled upon command.
d. Capillary refill less than 3 seconds. - ANSWERSa
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer
bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a tummy
ache." After reminding the mother to check the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the
presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this
mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
, d/ Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache." -
ANSWERSb
A 12-month-old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible pneumonia. He
is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing intervention has the greatest priority
for this infant?
a. Give small, frequent feedings of fluids.
b. Accurately chart observations regarding breath sounds.
c. Have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions.
d. Encourage older siblings to visit. - ANSWERSc
The nurse is assessing a two-month-old in preparation for surgery for coarctation of the
aorta repair. Which best describes the pathophysiology of coarctation of the aorta?
a. Acyanotic defect, increased pulmonary blood flow.
b. Cyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
c. Acyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
d. Cyanotic defect, decreased pulmonary blood flow. - ANSWERSc
The emergency department nurse is assessing a three-month-old infant suspected to
be a victim of "shaken baby syndrome". Which type of intracranial hemorrhage is
caused by tearing of a meningeal artery that causes an inward expansion of blood from
the inner surface of the skull?
a. Subarachnoid.
b. Epidural.
c. Subdural.
d. Intracerebral. - ANSWERSb
The nurse recognizes signs that a 9-month-old toddler may be living in an abusive
home. Which action is the priority for the nurse?
a. Encourage the child to speak freely.
b. Report the suspected abuse to local authorities.
