EXSC 410 exam 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
Self-concept - Answers The way in which we see or define ourselves
Self-esteem - Answers evaluative or affective consequence of one's self concept. "how I feel
about who I am"
Shavelson's model of self-concept - Answers Physical self concept is just one part of your
generalized self concept. Can have a positive physical self concept and negative generalized
self-concept.
Effects of exercise on self-esteem and self-concept - Answers Small but positive influence
according to studies by Spence et al.
50% of studies saw improvements based on exercise
Effects of exercise on physical self-concept or self-esteem - Answers Multiple sources claim
interventions positively influence physical self-concept
Li et al. study did a study with older adults taking tai chai classes and found improvements in
many areas of self-concept/self-esteem
physical self efficacy - Answers informs more generalized judgments of physical competence
Physical acceptance - Answers Extent to which an individual accepts his or her level of physical
competence.
Subjective perception - Answers Different people have different perceptions of the same
performance
same performance->different effects on self esteem i.e. running 4 miles is good to me, may be
bad to a cross country runner
Steps for making practical recommendations - Answers 1. Find out WHY someone is exercising
2. Conduct baseline health and fitness assessment, then repeat and provide feedback
3. Ensure a sense of personal control and accomplishment
Body image - Answers multidimensional construct that reflects how we see our own body and
how we think, feel, and act toward it.
Perceptual dimension of body image - Answers how we imagine ourselves to look
Cognitive dimension - Answers How we think about and evaluate our bodies
Affective/emotional dimension - Answers Feelings experienced in relation to body appearance
and function
, Behavioral dimension - Answers Things we do that reflect our perceptions, thoughts, and
feelings about our bodies.
Body image disturbance - Answers perceptions of one's body shape and size differ from one's
actual shape and size. Negative thoughts and feelings about one's body. Behaviors to hide or
change the body's appearance without regard for health implications
Body image reflects an interplay between what two things? - Answers body reality and body
ideal
Factors that influence body image (6) - Answers physical changes, interpersonal experiences,
psychological factors, behaviors, physical characteristics, sociocultural influences PPPIS
How to measure/assess someone's body image - Answers perceptual, cognitive, affective,
behavioral
Perceptual measurement - Answers assess the level of accuracy of judgement about the size of
one's body parts or body as a whole.
Look at real life photos that have been morphed to appear larger or smaller and subject
chooses the one that they feel is most accurate.
body image disturbance - Answers if a person perceives themselves to be different from their
actual size
cognitive measures - Answers questionnaires assessing the degree of satisfaction with body
size, shape and function. Also measures attitudes, beliefs and thoughts about body size, shape
& function
Affective/Emotional measures - Answers Assess feelings in relation to the body.
Ex: Objectified Body Consciousness Scale and Social Physique Anxiety Scale
Behavioral measures - Answers avoidance, lifestyle, and body checking behaviors.
i.e. baggy clothes, dieting, pinching body parts to measure fatness
Does exercise influence body image? - Answers exercise training can lead to significant
improvements in body image in both men and women, increased frequency and intensity
Anorexia nervosa - Answers persistent restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low
body weight. Intense fear of gaining weight. Many misconceptions about body weight or image.
Bulimia Nervosa - Answers Episodes of binge eating. Inappropriate compensatory behavior to
prevent weight gain. Binge eating and compensatory behaviors occur 1/week for 3 months.
Binge eating disorder - Answers recurring episodes of eating significantly more food in a short
Self-concept - Answers The way in which we see or define ourselves
Self-esteem - Answers evaluative or affective consequence of one's self concept. "how I feel
about who I am"
Shavelson's model of self-concept - Answers Physical self concept is just one part of your
generalized self concept. Can have a positive physical self concept and negative generalized
self-concept.
Effects of exercise on self-esteem and self-concept - Answers Small but positive influence
according to studies by Spence et al.
50% of studies saw improvements based on exercise
Effects of exercise on physical self-concept or self-esteem - Answers Multiple sources claim
interventions positively influence physical self-concept
Li et al. study did a study with older adults taking tai chai classes and found improvements in
many areas of self-concept/self-esteem
physical self efficacy - Answers informs more generalized judgments of physical competence
Physical acceptance - Answers Extent to which an individual accepts his or her level of physical
competence.
Subjective perception - Answers Different people have different perceptions of the same
performance
same performance->different effects on self esteem i.e. running 4 miles is good to me, may be
bad to a cross country runner
Steps for making practical recommendations - Answers 1. Find out WHY someone is exercising
2. Conduct baseline health and fitness assessment, then repeat and provide feedback
3. Ensure a sense of personal control and accomplishment
Body image - Answers multidimensional construct that reflects how we see our own body and
how we think, feel, and act toward it.
Perceptual dimension of body image - Answers how we imagine ourselves to look
Cognitive dimension - Answers How we think about and evaluate our bodies
Affective/emotional dimension - Answers Feelings experienced in relation to body appearance
and function
, Behavioral dimension - Answers Things we do that reflect our perceptions, thoughts, and
feelings about our bodies.
Body image disturbance - Answers perceptions of one's body shape and size differ from one's
actual shape and size. Negative thoughts and feelings about one's body. Behaviors to hide or
change the body's appearance without regard for health implications
Body image reflects an interplay between what two things? - Answers body reality and body
ideal
Factors that influence body image (6) - Answers physical changes, interpersonal experiences,
psychological factors, behaviors, physical characteristics, sociocultural influences PPPIS
How to measure/assess someone's body image - Answers perceptual, cognitive, affective,
behavioral
Perceptual measurement - Answers assess the level of accuracy of judgement about the size of
one's body parts or body as a whole.
Look at real life photos that have been morphed to appear larger or smaller and subject
chooses the one that they feel is most accurate.
body image disturbance - Answers if a person perceives themselves to be different from their
actual size
cognitive measures - Answers questionnaires assessing the degree of satisfaction with body
size, shape and function. Also measures attitudes, beliefs and thoughts about body size, shape
& function
Affective/Emotional measures - Answers Assess feelings in relation to the body.
Ex: Objectified Body Consciousness Scale and Social Physique Anxiety Scale
Behavioral measures - Answers avoidance, lifestyle, and body checking behaviors.
i.e. baggy clothes, dieting, pinching body parts to measure fatness
Does exercise influence body image? - Answers exercise training can lead to significant
improvements in body image in both men and women, increased frequency and intensity
Anorexia nervosa - Answers persistent restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low
body weight. Intense fear of gaining weight. Many misconceptions about body weight or image.
Bulimia Nervosa - Answers Episodes of binge eating. Inappropriate compensatory behavior to
prevent weight gain. Binge eating and compensatory behaviors occur 1/week for 3 months.
Binge eating disorder - Answers recurring episodes of eating significantly more food in a short
