1
CLC (CERTIFIED LACTATION CONSULTANT) EXAM TEST
BANK 2025 BEST GRADED WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
10 steps of BFHI - answer-1. Breastfeeding policy communicated to staff, 2. train staff 3. inform
all pregnant women benefits of breastfeeding 4. help mothers initiate breastfeeding within 1 hr
of birth 5. show mothers how to breastfeed or pump 6. Give newborn infants no other food or
drink unless medically indicated 7. practice rooming in
8. Encourarage responsive parenting-feeding, soothing, sleep, physical
9. Give no pacifier or artifical nipples 10. Foster the establishment of breastfeeding support
groups
What duration of breastfeeding is associated with significantly reduced incidence of acute otits
media (AOM)? A) Any breastfeeding B) Up to 3 mos C) More than 4-6 months - answer-C) More
than 4-6 months
Are the ducts in breast evenly spaced? - answer-No varies woman to woman
How many nipple pores each breast? - answer-3-5
Does breastfeeding lower the risk for the incidence of malocclusion (misalignment of teeth)? -
answer-Yes
True of False. Lactational amenorrhea, or the delay in return of menses after birth, is not
associated with exclusive breastfeeding. - answer-False
What are the physical benefits of breastfeeding to the lactating parent? - answer-Lower risk of
breast cancer, lower risk of ovarian cancer, reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes, reduced risk of
cardiovascular disease
, 2
What are the 3 main steps of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)? - answer-Best available clinical
evidence, Clinical expertise, Patient concerns and needs
What are the benefits of breastfeeding for infants? - answer-Protective against respiratory
infections, asthma, gastrointestinal infections and diarrhea, ear infections, dental caries, teeth
misalignment, NEC and SIDS, obesity, diabetes, higher performance on intelligence tests
What are hypotonic lips in an infant? - answer-Abnormally LOW muscle tone or weakness in
lips- may impact amount of suction, increase work of feeding, can contribute to milk loss and
fatigue during feedings
What are hypertonic lips in an infant? - answer-Abnormally HIGH muscle tone or overuse of lips-
increased lip activity to hold breast in mouth
What can hypertonic lips be an indication of? - answer-1. Neurological abnormality or injury of
the tongue, jaws, or facial nerves. 2. Can also be compensating for muscular weakness in the
cheeks, jaw, or tongue or reduced lingual or labial mobility secondary to a tight labial frenulum
or ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) 3. May be sensory in nature (hypo- or hypersensitive)
What is a tethered maxillary frenulum? - answer-Referred to as upper or superior labial
frenulum- a tightness or thickness in the band of tissue that attaches the upper lip to the upper
gum
What is a cleft lip? - answer-A fissure or opening in the upper lip, may extend into the nose, may
be unilateral or bilateral
What is the second most common birth defect? - answer-Cleft lip
What is a sign of a possible tight maxillary frenulum? - answer-Blanching of the frenulum when
gently lifting the upper lip, reduced lip movement
, 3
What may cause sucking blisters? - answer-Friction from retracted lips, a tight maxillary
frenulum restricting upper lip mobility, can be secondary cause of tight lingual frenulum
(tongue-tie) or hypertonia
When observing a feeding, what signs can indicate an issue with the infant's lips? - answer-
Breaks in the seal with the breast, lip retraction and lip tremors, leaking milk
What are 2 ways to help improve tone and strengthen the lip seal for infants with abnormal lip
tone? - answer-1. Provide firm pressure stimulus (i.e. tapping) on the lips prior to feeding. 2.
Insert clean finger or round, somewhat firm pacifier, then partially pull it out of infant's mouth
to induce the infant to pull it back.
How can parents help infant with cleft lip breastfeed? - answer-By using finger or shape of the
breast tissue to seal the cleft.
What are buccal pads? - answer-Subcutaneous fat deposits in cheeks
What can cause low facial tone or poorly developed buccal pads in an infant? - answer-
Prematurity or low birth weight
What are possible issues due to facial hypotonia? - answer-Decreased cheek stability hindering
seal on the breast, infant needs to create a greater vacuum to generate and sustain suction, this
increases the work of feeding and can cause fatigue before feeding is complete.
How do you assess cheeks on an infant? - answer-Place a gloved finger inside infant's mouth
and place a thumb on the outside of the cheek to sense the thickness of the fat pads. With thin
cheeks, finger and thumb almost touch.
CLC (CERTIFIED LACTATION CONSULTANT) EXAM TEST
BANK 2025 BEST GRADED WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
10 steps of BFHI - answer-1. Breastfeeding policy communicated to staff, 2. train staff 3. inform
all pregnant women benefits of breastfeeding 4. help mothers initiate breastfeeding within 1 hr
of birth 5. show mothers how to breastfeed or pump 6. Give newborn infants no other food or
drink unless medically indicated 7. practice rooming in
8. Encourarage responsive parenting-feeding, soothing, sleep, physical
9. Give no pacifier or artifical nipples 10. Foster the establishment of breastfeeding support
groups
What duration of breastfeeding is associated with significantly reduced incidence of acute otits
media (AOM)? A) Any breastfeeding B) Up to 3 mos C) More than 4-6 months - answer-C) More
than 4-6 months
Are the ducts in breast evenly spaced? - answer-No varies woman to woman
How many nipple pores each breast? - answer-3-5
Does breastfeeding lower the risk for the incidence of malocclusion (misalignment of teeth)? -
answer-Yes
True of False. Lactational amenorrhea, or the delay in return of menses after birth, is not
associated with exclusive breastfeeding. - answer-False
What are the physical benefits of breastfeeding to the lactating parent? - answer-Lower risk of
breast cancer, lower risk of ovarian cancer, reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes, reduced risk of
cardiovascular disease
, 2
What are the 3 main steps of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)? - answer-Best available clinical
evidence, Clinical expertise, Patient concerns and needs
What are the benefits of breastfeeding for infants? - answer-Protective against respiratory
infections, asthma, gastrointestinal infections and diarrhea, ear infections, dental caries, teeth
misalignment, NEC and SIDS, obesity, diabetes, higher performance on intelligence tests
What are hypotonic lips in an infant? - answer-Abnormally LOW muscle tone or weakness in
lips- may impact amount of suction, increase work of feeding, can contribute to milk loss and
fatigue during feedings
What are hypertonic lips in an infant? - answer-Abnormally HIGH muscle tone or overuse of lips-
increased lip activity to hold breast in mouth
What can hypertonic lips be an indication of? - answer-1. Neurological abnormality or injury of
the tongue, jaws, or facial nerves. 2. Can also be compensating for muscular weakness in the
cheeks, jaw, or tongue or reduced lingual or labial mobility secondary to a tight labial frenulum
or ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) 3. May be sensory in nature (hypo- or hypersensitive)
What is a tethered maxillary frenulum? - answer-Referred to as upper or superior labial
frenulum- a tightness or thickness in the band of tissue that attaches the upper lip to the upper
gum
What is a cleft lip? - answer-A fissure or opening in the upper lip, may extend into the nose, may
be unilateral or bilateral
What is the second most common birth defect? - answer-Cleft lip
What is a sign of a possible tight maxillary frenulum? - answer-Blanching of the frenulum when
gently lifting the upper lip, reduced lip movement
, 3
What may cause sucking blisters? - answer-Friction from retracted lips, a tight maxillary
frenulum restricting upper lip mobility, can be secondary cause of tight lingual frenulum
(tongue-tie) or hypertonia
When observing a feeding, what signs can indicate an issue with the infant's lips? - answer-
Breaks in the seal with the breast, lip retraction and lip tremors, leaking milk
What are 2 ways to help improve tone and strengthen the lip seal for infants with abnormal lip
tone? - answer-1. Provide firm pressure stimulus (i.e. tapping) on the lips prior to feeding. 2.
Insert clean finger or round, somewhat firm pacifier, then partially pull it out of infant's mouth
to induce the infant to pull it back.
How can parents help infant with cleft lip breastfeed? - answer-By using finger or shape of the
breast tissue to seal the cleft.
What are buccal pads? - answer-Subcutaneous fat deposits in cheeks
What can cause low facial tone or poorly developed buccal pads in an infant? - answer-
Prematurity or low birth weight
What are possible issues due to facial hypotonia? - answer-Decreased cheek stability hindering
seal on the breast, infant needs to create a greater vacuum to generate and sustain suction, this
increases the work of feeding and can cause fatigue before feeding is complete.
How do you assess cheeks on an infant? - answer-Place a gloved finger inside infant's mouth
and place a thumb on the outside of the cheek to sense the thickness of the fat pads. With thin
cheeks, finger and thumb almost touch.
