HESI Adult Practice Questions and
Answers A+ Graded (2025)
The .nurse .is .assisting .a .client .out .of .bed .for .the .first .time .after .surgery. .Which
.action .should .the .nurse .do .first?
A. .Place .a .chair .at .a .right .angle .to .the .bedside.
B. .Encourage .deep .breathing .prior .to .standing.
C. .Help .the .client .to .sit .and .dangle .legs .on .the .side .of .the .bed.
D. .Allow .the .client .to .sit .with .the .bed .in .a .high .Fowler's .position. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-D. . Allow .the .client .to .sit .with .the .bed .in .a .high .Fowler's .position.
The .first .step .in .assisting .a .client .out .of .bed .for .the .first .time .after .surgery .is .to
.raise .the .head .of .the .bed .to .a .high .Fowler's .position, .which .allows .venous
.return .to .compensate .from .lying .flat .and .the .vasodilation .effects .of
.perioperative .drugs. .This .helps .prevent .the .client .from .becoming .light-headed
.and .decreases .the .chance .of .a .client .fall.
Which .nail .color .alteration .should .the .nurse .expect .to .observe .in .a .client .with
.chronic .kidney .disease?
A. .Horizontal .white .banding.
B. .Diffuse .blue .discoloration.
C. .Diffuse .brown .discoloration.
D. .Thin, .dark .red .vertical .lines. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .Horizontal .white
.banding.
Fingernails .and .toenails .can .be .affected .by .chronic .kidney .disease. .This
.condition .may .cause .horizontal .white .lines .or .bands .(leukonychia) .to .appear .on
.the .nails.
A .client .with .diabetes .mellitus .is .experiencing .polyphagia. .Which .outcome
.statement .is .the .priority .for .this .client?
A. .Fluid .and .electrolyte .balance.
B. .Prevention .of .water .toxicity.
C. .Reduced .glucose .in .the .urine.
D. .Adequate .cellular .nourishment. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-D. .Adequate .cellular
.nourishment.
Diabetes .mellitus .Type .1 .is .characterized .by .hyperglycemia .that .precipitates
.glucosuria .and .polyuria .(frequent .urination), .polydipsia .(excessive .thirst), .and
.polyphagia .(excessive .hunger). .Polyphagia .is .a .consequence .of .cellular
, .malnourishment .when .insulin .deficiency .prevents .utilization .of .glucose .into .the
.cell .for .energy, .so .the .outcome .statement .should .include .stabilization .of
.adequate .cellular .nutrition .which .is .done .by .providing .the .insulin .supplement
.the .client .needs.
The .nurse .knows .that .lab .values .sometimes .vary .for .the .older .client. .Which .data
.would .the .nurse .expect .to .find .when .reviewing .laboratory . values .of .an .80-year-
old .male?
A. .Increased .WBC, .decreased .RBC.
B. .Increased .serum .bilirubin, .slightly .increased .liver .enzymes.
C. .Increased .protein .in .the .urine, .slightly .increased .serum .glucose .levels.
D. .Decreased .serum .sodium, .an .increased .urine .specific .gravity. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-C. . Increased .protein .in .the .urine, .slightly .increased .serum .glucose
.levels.
As .older .adults .age, .the .protein .found .in .urine .slightly .rises .as .a .result .of .kidney
.changes, .and .the .serum .glucose .increases .slightly, .also .due .to .changes .in .the
.kidney.
The .nurse .is .assessing .a .client's .laboratory .values .following .administration .of
.chemotherapy. .Which .lab .value .leads .the .nurse .to .suspect .that .the .client .is
.experiencing .tumor .lysis .syndrome .(TLS)?
A. .Serum .PTT .of .10 .seconds.
B. .Serum .calcium .of .5 .mg/dL.
C. .Oxygen .saturation .of .90%.
D. .Hemoglobin .of .10 .g/dL. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-B. .Serum .calcium .of .5 .mg/dL.
Tumor .lysis .symdrome .(TLS) .results .in .hyperkalemia, .hypocalcemia,
.hyperuricemia, .and . hyperphosphatemia. .A .serum .calcium .level .of .5, .which .is
.low, .is .an .indicator .of .possible .tumor .lysis .syndrome.
Which .statement .made .by .a .client .with .chronic .pancreatitis .indicates .that .further
.education .is .needed?
A. .I .will .cut .back .on .smoking .cigarettes .daily. .
B. .I .will .avoid .drinking .caffeinated .beverages.
C. .I .will .rest .frequently .and .avoid .vigorous .exercise.
D. .I .will .eat .a .bland, .low-fat, .high-protein .diet. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .I .will .cut
.back .on .smoking .cigarettes .daily. .
To .prevent .exacerbations .of .chronic .pancreatitis, .clients .should .be .instructed .to
.avoid .nicotine .entirely. . Additional .teaching .includes .avoiding .caffeinated
.beverages, .resting .frequently .as .needed, .and .eating .a .bland .diet .low .fat .and
.high .in .protein.
A .male .client .receives .a .local .anesthetic .during .surgery. .During .the .post-
operative .assessment, .the .nurse .notices .the .client .is .slurring .his .speech. .Which
.action .should .the .nurse .take?
A. .Determine .the .client .is .anxious .and .allow .him .to .sleep.
B. .Evaluate .his .blood .pressure, .pulse, .and .respiratory .status. .
Answers A+ Graded (2025)
The .nurse .is .assisting .a .client .out .of .bed .for .the .first .time .after .surgery. .Which
.action .should .the .nurse .do .first?
A. .Place .a .chair .at .a .right .angle .to .the .bedside.
B. .Encourage .deep .breathing .prior .to .standing.
C. .Help .the .client .to .sit .and .dangle .legs .on .the .side .of .the .bed.
D. .Allow .the .client .to .sit .with .the .bed .in .a .high .Fowler's .position. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-D. . Allow .the .client .to .sit .with .the .bed .in .a .high .Fowler's .position.
The .first .step .in .assisting .a .client .out .of .bed .for .the .first .time .after .surgery .is .to
.raise .the .head .of .the .bed .to .a .high .Fowler's .position, .which .allows .venous
.return .to .compensate .from .lying .flat .and .the .vasodilation .effects .of
.perioperative .drugs. .This .helps .prevent .the .client .from .becoming .light-headed
.and .decreases .the .chance .of .a .client .fall.
Which .nail .color .alteration .should .the .nurse .expect .to .observe .in .a .client .with
.chronic .kidney .disease?
A. .Horizontal .white .banding.
B. .Diffuse .blue .discoloration.
C. .Diffuse .brown .discoloration.
D. .Thin, .dark .red .vertical .lines. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .Horizontal .white
.banding.
Fingernails .and .toenails .can .be .affected .by .chronic .kidney .disease. .This
.condition .may .cause .horizontal .white .lines .or .bands .(leukonychia) .to .appear .on
.the .nails.
A .client .with .diabetes .mellitus .is .experiencing .polyphagia. .Which .outcome
.statement .is .the .priority .for .this .client?
A. .Fluid .and .electrolyte .balance.
B. .Prevention .of .water .toxicity.
C. .Reduced .glucose .in .the .urine.
D. .Adequate .cellular .nourishment. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-D. .Adequate .cellular
.nourishment.
Diabetes .mellitus .Type .1 .is .characterized .by .hyperglycemia .that .precipitates
.glucosuria .and .polyuria .(frequent .urination), .polydipsia .(excessive .thirst), .and
.polyphagia .(excessive .hunger). .Polyphagia .is .a .consequence .of .cellular
, .malnourishment .when .insulin .deficiency .prevents .utilization .of .glucose .into .the
.cell .for .energy, .so .the .outcome .statement .should .include .stabilization .of
.adequate .cellular .nutrition .which .is .done .by .providing .the .insulin .supplement
.the .client .needs.
The .nurse .knows .that .lab .values .sometimes .vary .for .the .older .client. .Which .data
.would .the .nurse .expect .to .find .when .reviewing .laboratory . values .of .an .80-year-
old .male?
A. .Increased .WBC, .decreased .RBC.
B. .Increased .serum .bilirubin, .slightly .increased .liver .enzymes.
C. .Increased .protein .in .the .urine, .slightly .increased .serum .glucose .levels.
D. .Decreased .serum .sodium, .an .increased .urine .specific .gravity. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-C. . Increased .protein .in .the .urine, .slightly .increased .serum .glucose
.levels.
As .older .adults .age, .the .protein .found .in .urine .slightly .rises .as .a .result .of .kidney
.changes, .and .the .serum .glucose .increases .slightly, .also .due .to .changes .in .the
.kidney.
The .nurse .is .assessing .a .client's .laboratory .values .following .administration .of
.chemotherapy. .Which .lab .value .leads .the .nurse .to .suspect .that .the .client .is
.experiencing .tumor .lysis .syndrome .(TLS)?
A. .Serum .PTT .of .10 .seconds.
B. .Serum .calcium .of .5 .mg/dL.
C. .Oxygen .saturation .of .90%.
D. .Hemoglobin .of .10 .g/dL. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-B. .Serum .calcium .of .5 .mg/dL.
Tumor .lysis .symdrome .(TLS) .results .in .hyperkalemia, .hypocalcemia,
.hyperuricemia, .and . hyperphosphatemia. .A .serum .calcium .level .of .5, .which .is
.low, .is .an .indicator .of .possible .tumor .lysis .syndrome.
Which .statement .made .by .a .client .with .chronic .pancreatitis .indicates .that .further
.education .is .needed?
A. .I .will .cut .back .on .smoking .cigarettes .daily. .
B. .I .will .avoid .drinking .caffeinated .beverages.
C. .I .will .rest .frequently .and .avoid .vigorous .exercise.
D. .I .will .eat .a .bland, .low-fat, .high-protein .diet. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .I .will .cut
.back .on .smoking .cigarettes .daily. .
To .prevent .exacerbations .of .chronic .pancreatitis, .clients .should .be .instructed .to
.avoid .nicotine .entirely. . Additional .teaching .includes .avoiding .caffeinated
.beverages, .resting .frequently .as .needed, .and .eating .a .bland .diet .low .fat .and
.high .in .protein.
A .male .client .receives .a .local .anesthetic .during .surgery. .During .the .post-
operative .assessment, .the .nurse .notices .the .client .is .slurring .his .speech. .Which
.action .should .the .nurse .take?
A. .Determine .the .client .is .anxious .and .allow .him .to .sleep.
B. .Evaluate .his .blood .pressure, .pulse, .and .respiratory .status. .
