NURS 455 MED Surg Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which
of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
A. Temperature 36.1° C (97.0° F)
B. Insomnia
C. Oliguria
D. Weight loss - Answers C. Oliguria Feedback: The nurse should identify little to no urine output
as possible manifestations of kidney rejection.
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the
following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Renal function is reestablished.
B. BUN and creatinine levels decrease.
C. Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr.
D. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers. - Answers C. Urine output is less than 400 mL
per 24 hr.
Feedback: Inadequate urinary output is associated with the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
The minimum amount of urine needed to rid the body of metabolic waste products is 400 mL.
Therefore, a client who is producing less than 400 mL of output in 24 hr is manifesting acute
kidney injury.
A nurse is preparing a client for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following client conditions should
the nurse identify as a contraindication for this diagnostic test?
A. Elevated creatinine level
B. Flank pain
C. Urinary retention
D. Bleeding tendencies - Answers D. Bleeding tendencies Feedback: One of the risks of a kidney
biopsy is bleeding from the biopsy site. Therefore, a history of bleeding tendencies or
coagulation disorders is a contraindication for a kidney biopsy.
, A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Flank pain
B. Hypotension
C. Confusion
D. Urinary retention - Answers A. Flank pain Feedback: Flank pain is a finding associated with
PKD.
A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease for fluid volume increase. Which
of the following provides a reliable measure of fluid retention?
A. Daily weight
B. Sodium level
C. Tissue turgor
D. Intake and output - Answers A. Daily weight Feedback: Obtaining a client's daily weight and
comparing it to previous weights is a reliable method for measuring a client's fluid volume over
time.
A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which
of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause
nephrotoxicity?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Ondansetron
C. Vancomycin
D. Mannitol - Answers C. Vancomycin Feedback: The nurse should identify that vancomycin, an
antibiotic, to be associated with nephrotoxic adverse effects.
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and a new prescription for epoetin
alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following
substances?
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which
of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
A. Temperature 36.1° C (97.0° F)
B. Insomnia
C. Oliguria
D. Weight loss - Answers C. Oliguria Feedback: The nurse should identify little to no urine output
as possible manifestations of kidney rejection.
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the
following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Renal function is reestablished.
B. BUN and creatinine levels decrease.
C. Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr.
D. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers. - Answers C. Urine output is less than 400 mL
per 24 hr.
Feedback: Inadequate urinary output is associated with the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
The minimum amount of urine needed to rid the body of metabolic waste products is 400 mL.
Therefore, a client who is producing less than 400 mL of output in 24 hr is manifesting acute
kidney injury.
A nurse is preparing a client for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following client conditions should
the nurse identify as a contraindication for this diagnostic test?
A. Elevated creatinine level
B. Flank pain
C. Urinary retention
D. Bleeding tendencies - Answers D. Bleeding tendencies Feedback: One of the risks of a kidney
biopsy is bleeding from the biopsy site. Therefore, a history of bleeding tendencies or
coagulation disorders is a contraindication for a kidney biopsy.
, A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Flank pain
B. Hypotension
C. Confusion
D. Urinary retention - Answers A. Flank pain Feedback: Flank pain is a finding associated with
PKD.
A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease for fluid volume increase. Which
of the following provides a reliable measure of fluid retention?
A. Daily weight
B. Sodium level
C. Tissue turgor
D. Intake and output - Answers A. Daily weight Feedback: Obtaining a client's daily weight and
comparing it to previous weights is a reliable method for measuring a client's fluid volume over
time.
A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which
of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause
nephrotoxicity?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Ondansetron
C. Vancomycin
D. Mannitol - Answers C. Vancomycin Feedback: The nurse should identify that vancomycin, an
antibiotic, to be associated with nephrotoxic adverse effects.
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and a new prescription for epoetin
alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following
substances?
