NR 304; Exam 1
Venous insufficiency - answer inadequate blood flow to veins causing blood to pool in
legs
S/S of venous insufficiency - answer- Pitting edema (swelling) ( due to fluid leaking into
tissue due to incompetent valves)
-occurs in BOTH legs
-varicose veins
-normal temp
-skin is brown/crusty
-pain ( aching while standing/sitting; elevating legs and walking improves pain)
Arterial insufficiency - answer slowing or stopping of blood flow through arteries
S/S of Arterial insufficiency - answer cyanotic/pallow
-absent/decrease in sensations
-Low temp
-intermittent claudication
-hair loss on toes
-shiny skin
impotence
-sharp/gnawing/stabbing pain with exercise ( relieve with rest)
- decrease pulses
-rusty discoloration ( due to blood leaking out of vessels and diff being reabsorbed)
-skin ulcers on toes/ lateral malleoli
-necrosis
-bluish/rd feet with dependence and pallor with elevation
-sensory/motor loss
yellow toe nails
-cool skin
Aretial occlusion S/S - answerextreme coolness
pain
loss of sensation
hair loss/skin changes
pallor
pulselessness
Arterial occlusion is caused by - answeratherosclerosis which reduces the blood flow
Risk factors of arterial occlusion - answersmoking
obesity
, hypertension
diabetes
history of hyperlipidema
DVT - answerformation of blood clot in a deep vein (legs)
S/S DVT - answerONE LEG edema
may have sharp intense pain/ tenderness
red skin area
warm
mass
low grade fever
tachycardia
peripheral neuropathy - answerWeakness, numbness, and pain from nerve damage,
usually in the hands and feet.
s/s of peripheral neuropathy - answerburning pain
numbness
loss/ decrease sensation
chronic hypoxia - answerlack of oxygen flow to the tissue
What causes clubbing - answerinflammatory bowel disease, sprue, neoplasms
-Hyperthyroidism
-pulmonary and cardiovascular disease
-aneima
Lymphedema - answerswelling in the arm or legs caused by lymphatic system blockage
S/S of lymphedema - answer-swelling
-pain/ discomfort
-swollen lymph nodes
epitrochlear lymph nodes - answerbehind elbows
axillary lymph nodes - answerarmpit
inguinal lymph nodes - answergroin
3+ radial pulse - answerfull bounding; occurs with exercise, anxiety, anemia,
hyperthyroidism
2+ - answernormal
1+ - answerweak (thready), occurs with shock or PAD
Venous insufficiency - answer inadequate blood flow to veins causing blood to pool in
legs
S/S of venous insufficiency - answer- Pitting edema (swelling) ( due to fluid leaking into
tissue due to incompetent valves)
-occurs in BOTH legs
-varicose veins
-normal temp
-skin is brown/crusty
-pain ( aching while standing/sitting; elevating legs and walking improves pain)
Arterial insufficiency - answer slowing or stopping of blood flow through arteries
S/S of Arterial insufficiency - answer cyanotic/pallow
-absent/decrease in sensations
-Low temp
-intermittent claudication
-hair loss on toes
-shiny skin
impotence
-sharp/gnawing/stabbing pain with exercise ( relieve with rest)
- decrease pulses
-rusty discoloration ( due to blood leaking out of vessels and diff being reabsorbed)
-skin ulcers on toes/ lateral malleoli
-necrosis
-bluish/rd feet with dependence and pallor with elevation
-sensory/motor loss
yellow toe nails
-cool skin
Aretial occlusion S/S - answerextreme coolness
pain
loss of sensation
hair loss/skin changes
pallor
pulselessness
Arterial occlusion is caused by - answeratherosclerosis which reduces the blood flow
Risk factors of arterial occlusion - answersmoking
obesity
, hypertension
diabetes
history of hyperlipidema
DVT - answerformation of blood clot in a deep vein (legs)
S/S DVT - answerONE LEG edema
may have sharp intense pain/ tenderness
red skin area
warm
mass
low grade fever
tachycardia
peripheral neuropathy - answerWeakness, numbness, and pain from nerve damage,
usually in the hands and feet.
s/s of peripheral neuropathy - answerburning pain
numbness
loss/ decrease sensation
chronic hypoxia - answerlack of oxygen flow to the tissue
What causes clubbing - answerinflammatory bowel disease, sprue, neoplasms
-Hyperthyroidism
-pulmonary and cardiovascular disease
-aneima
Lymphedema - answerswelling in the arm or legs caused by lymphatic system blockage
S/S of lymphedema - answer-swelling
-pain/ discomfort
-swollen lymph nodes
epitrochlear lymph nodes - answerbehind elbows
axillary lymph nodes - answerarmpit
inguinal lymph nodes - answergroin
3+ radial pulse - answerfull bounding; occurs with exercise, anxiety, anemia,
hyperthyroidism
2+ - answernormal
1+ - answerweak (thready), occurs with shock or PAD
