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A patient is admitted to the hospital in hypertensive emergency (BP 244/142 mm Hg). Sodium
nitroprusside is started to treat the elevated BP. Which management strategy(ies) would be
most appropriate for this patient (select all that apply)?
a. Measuring hourly urine output
b. Decreasing the MAP by 50% within the first hour
c. Continuous BP monitoring with an arterial line
d. Maintaining bed rest and providing tranquilizers to lower the BP
e. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of heart failure and changes in mental status -
CORRECT ANSWERS a,c,e
In teaching a patient about coronary artery disease, the nurse explains that the changes that
occur in this disorder include (select all that apply)
a. diffuse involvement of plaque formation in coronary veins.
b. abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins.
c. accumulation of lipid and fibrous tissue within the coronary arteries.
d. development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle.
e. chronic vasoconstriction of coronary arteries leading to permanent vasospasm. -
CORRECT ANSWERS b,c,d
After teaching about ways to decrease risk factors for CAD, the nurse recognizes that additional
instruction is needed when the patient says
a. "I would like to add weight lifting to my exercise program."
b. "I can only keep my blood pressure normal with medication."
c. "I can change my diet to decrease my intake of saturated fats."
d. "I will change my lifestyle to reduce activities that increase my stress." - CORRECT
ANSWERS a
,HEALTH CHALLENGES EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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A hospitalized patient with a history of chronic stable angina tells the nurse that she is having
chest pain. The nurse bases his actions on the knowledge that ischemia
a. will always progress to myocardial infarction.
b. will be relieved by rest, nitroglycerin, or both.
c. indicates that irreversible myocardial damage is occurring.
d. is frequently associated with vomiting and extreme fatigue. - CORRECT ANSWERS b
The nurse is caring for a patient who is 2 days post MI. The patient reports that she is
experiencing chest pain. She states, "It hurts when I take a deep breath." Which action would
be a priority?
a. Notify the physician STAT and obtain a 12-lead ECG.
b. Obtain vital signs and auscultate for a pericardial friction rub.
c. Apply high-flow O2 by face mask and auscultate breath sounds.
d. Medicate the patient with PRN analgesic and reevaluate in 30 minutes - CORRECT
ANSWERS b
A patient is admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of unstable angina. Which drugs(s) would the
nurse expect the patient to receive (select all that apply)?
a. ACE inhibitor
b. Antiplatelet therapy
c. Thrombolytic therapy
d. Prophylactic antibiotics
e. Intravenous nitroglycerin - CORRECT ANSWERS a,b,e
A patient is recovering from an uncomplicated MI. Which rehabilitation guideline is a priority to
include in the teaching plan?
, HEALTH CHALLENGES EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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a. Refrain from sexual activity for a minimum of 3 weeks.
b. Plan a diet program that aims for a 1- to 2-pound weight loss per week.
c. Begin an exercise program that aims for at least five 30-minute sessions per week.
d. Consider the use of erectile agents and prophylactic NTG before engaging in sexual activity -
CORRECT ANSWERS c
The most common finding in individuals at risk for sudden cardiac death is
a. aortic valve disease.
b. mitral valve disease.
c. left ventricular dysfunction.
d. atherosclerotic heart disease. - CORRECT ANSWERS
A 50-yr-old man complains of recurring headaches. He describes these as sharp, stabbing, and
located around his left eye. He also reports that his left eye seems to swell and get teary when
these headaches occur. Based on this history, you suspect that he has
a. cluster headaches.
b. tension headaches.
c. migraine headaches.
d. medication overuse headaches. - CORRECT ANSWERS A
A 65-yr-old woman was just diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The priority nursing
intervention is
a. searching the Internet for educational videos.
b. evaluating the home for environmental safety.
c. promoting physical exercise and a well-balanced diet.
d. designing an exercise program to strengthen and stretch specific muscles. - CORRECT
ANSWERS C