8/17/25, 10:06
AM
NURS 305 CARDIOLOGY I EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+
+ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (147)
Branch of the CNS. Regulated by
ANS hypothalamus, brain stem, spinal cord.
Controls respiration, circulation, digestion,
metabolism. Maintains homeostasis by
regulating processes like body temperature
and responding to stress and emergencies.
Two divisions of ANS Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and Parasympathetic
nervous system (PNS).
Adrenergic agonists Produce effect by activating adrenergic
receptors - similar to SNS - sympathomimetics.
Used for heart failure, asthma, preterm labor.
Catecholamines Chemically have a catechol and an amine
group. Cannot be taken orally (first-pass),
Short duration, Do not cross blood brain
barrier (polar). DDINE
Dopamine, Dobutamine, DDINE
Isoproterenol,
Norepinephrine,
Epinephrine
1/
16
,8/17/25, 10:06
AM
Noncatecholamines Structurally do not have the catechol portion of
the molecule. Have longer half-lives, May be
given orally, Less polar and can cross BBB
(more CNS effects). PET
Phenylephrine, PET
Ephedrine, Terbutaline
1. Direct receptor binding to adrenergic receptors. NE,
Epi, Dopamine.
2. Release of NE. Stimulate terminals of
sympathetic nerves. Amphetamines,
Action of adrenergic Ephedrine. Ephedrine can stimulate
agonists adrenergic receptors directly.
3. Inhibit NE reuptake. Collects in synaptic
gaps. Increase receptor activation.
Cocaine, tricyclic anti-depressives
(imipramine)
4. Inhibit NE deactivation. Inhibited by
monoamine oxidase (MAO). More NE
available to release.
Increased BP, CO, Cellular metabolism, Blood
sugar (increased breakdown of muscle
Actions of SNS glycogen), Mental activity, Coagulation,
Respiratory rate and depth.
Decreased blood flow to visceral organs, skin,
kidneys. Pupil dilation. Blood is shunted to
brain, heart, and skeletal muscle.
Alpha 1 Contract muscles, Cause vasoconstriction, Rise
in BP, GI and bladder sphincter contract,
Pupillary dilation (mydriasis).
2/
16
, 8/17/25, 10:06
AM
Alpha 2 Negative feedback, inhibiting NT release, less
NE is released (antiadrenergic effect). Reduction
of sympathetic outflow to heart and blood
vessels, Relief of severe pain.
Beta 1 Renin is released which stimulates the heart.
Increases rate, force, AV conduction velocity
(epinephrine).
Beta 2 Inhibits smooth muscle (uterus for delay of
preterm labor), Dilate arterioles
(bronchodilation), Glycogenesis (glycogen
from glucose).
Parasympathetic nervous Rest, reparative, vegetative. 75% of all fibers
system (PNS, "Rest and are in Vagus nerves. Body responses are
Digest") basically opposite of SNS. Aids in digestion,
excretion, cardiac deceleration,
anabolism, and near vision.
Increased GI motility, Secretion of digestive
enzymes, Secretions from glands in lung,
Actions of PNS stomach, intestines, and skin. Dilation of
blood vessels. Decreased HR.
Bronchoconstriction. Constriction of pupils and
accommodation to near vision. Contraction of
smooth muscle of the bladder.
Done by acetylcholine. Results in pupil constriction,
Regulation of PNS bradycardia,
bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, GI activity,
voiding, erection, generalized sweating.
Substances that stimulate Sympathomimetic, Alpha and Beta adrenergic agonists,
SNS Adrenergic
3/
16
AM
NURS 305 CARDIOLOGY I EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+
+ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (147)
Branch of the CNS. Regulated by
ANS hypothalamus, brain stem, spinal cord.
Controls respiration, circulation, digestion,
metabolism. Maintains homeostasis by
regulating processes like body temperature
and responding to stress and emergencies.
Two divisions of ANS Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and Parasympathetic
nervous system (PNS).
Adrenergic agonists Produce effect by activating adrenergic
receptors - similar to SNS - sympathomimetics.
Used for heart failure, asthma, preterm labor.
Catecholamines Chemically have a catechol and an amine
group. Cannot be taken orally (first-pass),
Short duration, Do not cross blood brain
barrier (polar). DDINE
Dopamine, Dobutamine, DDINE
Isoproterenol,
Norepinephrine,
Epinephrine
1/
16
,8/17/25, 10:06
AM
Noncatecholamines Structurally do not have the catechol portion of
the molecule. Have longer half-lives, May be
given orally, Less polar and can cross BBB
(more CNS effects). PET
Phenylephrine, PET
Ephedrine, Terbutaline
1. Direct receptor binding to adrenergic receptors. NE,
Epi, Dopamine.
2. Release of NE. Stimulate terminals of
sympathetic nerves. Amphetamines,
Action of adrenergic Ephedrine. Ephedrine can stimulate
agonists adrenergic receptors directly.
3. Inhibit NE reuptake. Collects in synaptic
gaps. Increase receptor activation.
Cocaine, tricyclic anti-depressives
(imipramine)
4. Inhibit NE deactivation. Inhibited by
monoamine oxidase (MAO). More NE
available to release.
Increased BP, CO, Cellular metabolism, Blood
sugar (increased breakdown of muscle
Actions of SNS glycogen), Mental activity, Coagulation,
Respiratory rate and depth.
Decreased blood flow to visceral organs, skin,
kidneys. Pupil dilation. Blood is shunted to
brain, heart, and skeletal muscle.
Alpha 1 Contract muscles, Cause vasoconstriction, Rise
in BP, GI and bladder sphincter contract,
Pupillary dilation (mydriasis).
2/
16
, 8/17/25, 10:06
AM
Alpha 2 Negative feedback, inhibiting NT release, less
NE is released (antiadrenergic effect). Reduction
of sympathetic outflow to heart and blood
vessels, Relief of severe pain.
Beta 1 Renin is released which stimulates the heart.
Increases rate, force, AV conduction velocity
(epinephrine).
Beta 2 Inhibits smooth muscle (uterus for delay of
preterm labor), Dilate arterioles
(bronchodilation), Glycogenesis (glycogen
from glucose).
Parasympathetic nervous Rest, reparative, vegetative. 75% of all fibers
system (PNS, "Rest and are in Vagus nerves. Body responses are
Digest") basically opposite of SNS. Aids in digestion,
excretion, cardiac deceleration,
anabolism, and near vision.
Increased GI motility, Secretion of digestive
enzymes, Secretions from glands in lung,
Actions of PNS stomach, intestines, and skin. Dilation of
blood vessels. Decreased HR.
Bronchoconstriction. Constriction of pupils and
accommodation to near vision. Contraction of
smooth muscle of the bladder.
Done by acetylcholine. Results in pupil constriction,
Regulation of PNS bradycardia,
bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, GI activity,
voiding, erection, generalized sweating.
Substances that stimulate Sympathomimetic, Alpha and Beta adrenergic agonists,
SNS Adrenergic
3/
16
