HESI Med-Surg V1 Test Bank Questions and Answers (2025/2026) (Verified Answers)

HESI Med-Surg V1 Test Bank Questions
and Answers (2025/2026) (Verified
Answers)



1. Thenurseassessesapatientwithshortnessofbreathforevidenceof long-
,
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x ,
x x, ,
x ,
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x x,




standing hypoxemia by inspecting: x, x, x,




A. Chestexcursion ,
x




B. Spinalcurvatures ,
x




C. Therespiratorypattern ,
x ,
x




D. Thefingernailanditsbase ,
x ,
x ,
x ,
x




ANS>>: D.The fingernail and its base Clubbing, a sign of long-standing hypoxemia,is
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




evidencedbyanincreaseintheanglebetweenthebaseofthenail andthefingernailto180
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




degreesormore,usuallyaccompaniedbyanincreasein the depth, bulk, and sponginess
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, of the end of the finger.
x, x, x, x, x,




2. 2.The nurse is caring for a patientwithCOPD and pneumonia whohas an
,
x x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, order for arterial blood gases to be drawn.Which of the following is the
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, ,
x x, x, x, x, x,




minimumlengthoftimethenurseshouldplantoholdpressureonthe puncture
x, ,
x ,
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x ,
x x, ,
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x x,




x, site?
A. 2minutes x,




B. 5minutes x,




C. 10minutes ,
x




D. 15minutes x,

,ANS>>::B.5minutesFollowing obtaininganarterialbloodgas,thenurseshould hold
,
x x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, pressure on the puncture site for 5 minutes by the clock to be sure that bleeding has
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, stopped. An artery is an elastic vessel under higher pressure than veins,and significant
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




blood lossorhematoma formation could occur ifthe time is insufficient.
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




3. 3.Thenursenoticesclearnasaldrainageinapatientnewlyadmittedwith facial
,
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x ,
x x, x, ,
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x x,




x, trauma, including a nasal fracture.The nurse should:
x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




A. testthedrainageforthepresenceofglucose.
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x ,
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x ,
x




B. suctionthenosetomaintainairwayclearance. ,
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x




C. documentthefindingsandcontinuemonitoring. ,
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x




D. applyadrippadandreassurethepatientthisisnormal.
,
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x




ANS>>:: A. test the drainage for the presence of glucose. Clear nasal drainage
,
x x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, suggests leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The drainage should be tested for the
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




presence of glucose, which would indicate the presence of CSF.
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




4. 4.Whencaringforapatientwhois3hourspostoperativelaryngectomy,the
,
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x




x, nurse's highest priority assessment would be:
x, x, x, x, x,




A. Airwaypatency ,
x




B. Patientcomfort ,
x




C. Incisionaldrainage x,




D. Bloodpressureandheartrate ,
x ,
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x ,
x




ANS>>:: A. Airway patency Remember ABCs with prioritization. Airway patencyis
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




alwaysthehighestpriorityandisessentialforapatientundergoing surgery
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, surrounding the upper respiratory system. x, x, x, x,

,5. 5. When initially teaching a patient the supraglottic swallow following a
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, radicalneckdissection,withwhichofthefollowingfoodsshouldthenurse
,
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x ,
x




x, begin?
A. Cola
B. Applesauce
C. Frenchfries ,
x




D. Whitegrapejuice ,
x ,
x




ANS>>::A.ColaWhenlearning thesupraglottic swallow,itmaybe helpfulto start with
,
x x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, carbonated beverages because the effervescence provides clues about the liquid's x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




position.Thin,wateryfluidsshouldbeavoidedbecausetheyaredifficultto swallow and
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, increase the risk of aspiration.Nonpourable pureed foods, such as applesauce,would
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




decrease the risk ofaspiration, butcarbonated beverages are the better choice to start
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, with.
6. 6.Thenurseiscaringforapatientadmittedtothehospitalwithpneumonia. Upon
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x x,




x, assessment, the nurse notes a temperature of 101.4° F, a productive coughwith x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, ,
x




yellowsputumandarespiratoryrateof20.Whichofthefollowing nursing
,
x x, ,
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x x,




x, diagnosis is most appropriate based upon this assessment? A. Hy- perthermia
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, related to infectious illness
x, x, x,




B.Ineffectivethermoregulation relatedtochilling
,
x x, x, x, x,




C.Ineffectivebreathingpatternrelatedtopneumonia
,
x ,
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x ,
x ,
x




D.Ineffectiveairwayclearancerelatedtothicksecretions
,
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x




ANS>>:: A. Hyperthermia related to infectious illness Because the patient has spiked a
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, temperature and has a diagnosis of pneumonia, the logical nursing diagnosisis x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




hyperthermiarelatedtoinfectiousillness.Thereisnoevidenceofa chill,and her
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, breathing pattern is within normal limits at 20 breaths per minute.
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,

, Thereisnoevidenceofineffectiveairwayclearancefromtheinformationgiven because
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, the patient is expectorating sputum.
x, x, x, x,




7. 7. Which of the following physical assessment findings in a patient with
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, pneumonia best supports the nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clear- ,
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x




x, ance? A. Oxygen saturation of 85% x, x, x, x, x,




B.Respiratoryrateof28
,
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x




C.Presenceofgreenishsputum
,
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x




D.Basilarcrackles
,
x ,
x




ANS>>::D.BasilarcracklesThepresenceofadventitiousbreathsoundsindicates that
,
x x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, there is accumulation of secretions in the lower airways.This would be consistent with a
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance because the patient is retaining
x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x,




x, secretions.
8. 8.Whichofthefollowingclinicalmanifestationswouldthenurseexpectto find
,
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x x, ,
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x x, ,
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x x,




duringassessmentofapatientadmittedwithpneumococcalpneumonia?
,
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x




A. Hyperresonanceonpercussion ,
x x,




B. Finecracklesinalllobesonauscultation ,
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x




C. IncreasedvocalfremitusonpalpationD.Vesicularbreathsoundsinall ,
x x, x, ,
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x x, ,
x ,
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x