WGU D116 Unit 8 OA Review
A nursing student asks for clarification on the differences between the mechanisms of spontaneous
mutation and conjugation in acquired resistance of microbes.
Which statement is correct? - (correct Answer) - Spontaneous mutation leads to resistance to only one
antimicrobial agent
A patient receiving a cephalosporin develops a secondary intestinal infection caused by Clostridium
difficile.
What is an appropriate treatment for this patient? - (correct Answer) - Discontinuing the cephalosporin
and beginning flagyl
A patient is diagnosed with a lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The culture and
sensitivity report shows sensitivity to all aminoglycosides. The provider knows that the rate of resistance
to gentamicin is common in this hospital.
Which medication should the provider be expected to order? - (correct Answer) - Amikacin
When resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin is common, amikacin is the drug of choice for the initial
treatment of aminoglycoside-sensitive infections
A child with otitis media has had three ear infections in the past year. The child has just completed a ten-
day course of amoxicillin with no improvement. The parent asks the provider why this drug is not
working because it has worked in the past.
What should the provider tell the patient? - (correct Answer) - "The bacteria have synthesized
penicillinase"
Beta-lactamases are enzymes that cleave the beta-lactam ring and render the PCN inactive (amoxicillin)
Pt will need to start augmentin
A patient who is taking acetaminophen for pain wants to know why it does not cause gastrointestinal
upset as other over-the-counter pain medications do.
Which property of acetaminophen is the most likely explanation for this? - (correct Answer) - It has
minimal effects at peripheral sites
, Tylenol central effects
NSAIDs peripheral effects
A patient who has arthritis has been taking ibuprofen and a glucocorticoid medication. The patient
reports having tarry stools but denies gastric pain.
Which action by the provider is correct? - (correct Answer) - Prescribing an antiulcer medication
Glucocorticoid therapy, especially when combined with NSAIDs, can increase the risk of gastric ulcer and
possibly bleeding
A patient will begin taking hydroxychloroquine for rheumatoid arthritis. The patient is currently taking
high-dose NSAIDs and methotrexate.
What should the patient be taught about hydroxychloroquine? - (correct Answer) - An eye exam is
necessary at the beginning of therapy with this drug
Can cause retinal damage - eye exam at the onset of treatment as well as every 6 months during
treatment
A patient with gout who has increasingly frequent acute gouty attacks will begin receiving allopurinol
and colchicine.
Which statement should be included when teaching the patient about this drug regimen? - (correct
Answer) - "You will take both drugs initially and then stop taking colchicine"
Colchicine is used for prophylaxis when urate-lowering drugs (allopurinal) are initiated because gouty
episodes often increase during this time.
A postmenopausal patient develops osteoporosis. The patient asks the provider about medications to
treat this condition. The provider learns that the patient has a family history of breast cancer.
Which medication should the provider discuss with the patient? - (correct Answer) - Raloxifene
Can preserve bone mineral density while protecting against breast and endometrial cancers
Which of the following antibiotics is in a class of drugs known for ototoxicity? - (correct Answer) -
Gentamicin
A nursing student asks for clarification on the differences between the mechanisms of spontaneous
mutation and conjugation in acquired resistance of microbes.
Which statement is correct? - (correct Answer) - Spontaneous mutation leads to resistance to only one
antimicrobial agent
A patient receiving a cephalosporin develops a secondary intestinal infection caused by Clostridium
difficile.
What is an appropriate treatment for this patient? - (correct Answer) - Discontinuing the cephalosporin
and beginning flagyl
A patient is diagnosed with a lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The culture and
sensitivity report shows sensitivity to all aminoglycosides. The provider knows that the rate of resistance
to gentamicin is common in this hospital.
Which medication should the provider be expected to order? - (correct Answer) - Amikacin
When resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin is common, amikacin is the drug of choice for the initial
treatment of aminoglycoside-sensitive infections
A child with otitis media has had three ear infections in the past year. The child has just completed a ten-
day course of amoxicillin with no improvement. The parent asks the provider why this drug is not
working because it has worked in the past.
What should the provider tell the patient? - (correct Answer) - "The bacteria have synthesized
penicillinase"
Beta-lactamases are enzymes that cleave the beta-lactam ring and render the PCN inactive (amoxicillin)
Pt will need to start augmentin
A patient who is taking acetaminophen for pain wants to know why it does not cause gastrointestinal
upset as other over-the-counter pain medications do.
Which property of acetaminophen is the most likely explanation for this? - (correct Answer) - It has
minimal effects at peripheral sites
, Tylenol central effects
NSAIDs peripheral effects
A patient who has arthritis has been taking ibuprofen and a glucocorticoid medication. The patient
reports having tarry stools but denies gastric pain.
Which action by the provider is correct? - (correct Answer) - Prescribing an antiulcer medication
Glucocorticoid therapy, especially when combined with NSAIDs, can increase the risk of gastric ulcer and
possibly bleeding
A patient will begin taking hydroxychloroquine for rheumatoid arthritis. The patient is currently taking
high-dose NSAIDs and methotrexate.
What should the patient be taught about hydroxychloroquine? - (correct Answer) - An eye exam is
necessary at the beginning of therapy with this drug
Can cause retinal damage - eye exam at the onset of treatment as well as every 6 months during
treatment
A patient with gout who has increasingly frequent acute gouty attacks will begin receiving allopurinol
and colchicine.
Which statement should be included when teaching the patient about this drug regimen? - (correct
Answer) - "You will take both drugs initially and then stop taking colchicine"
Colchicine is used for prophylaxis when urate-lowering drugs (allopurinal) are initiated because gouty
episodes often increase during this time.
A postmenopausal patient develops osteoporosis. The patient asks the provider about medications to
treat this condition. The provider learns that the patient has a family history of breast cancer.
Which medication should the provider discuss with the patient? - (correct Answer) - Raloxifene
Can preserve bone mineral density while protecting against breast and endometrial cancers
Which of the following antibiotics is in a class of drugs known for ototoxicity? - (correct Answer) -
Gentamicin
