FSCJ-NUR1460 Term 2 Final exam Giddens Ch. 14 & 15
Questions With Complete Solutions
"hyper" Correct Answers prefix describing states of excess in
a gland or hormone
"hypo" Correct Answers prefix describing deficient states in a
gland or hormone
15/15 rule Correct Answers recommended for correcting
hypoglycemia: 15 g of quick-acting carbohydrate can raise
blood glucose levels by approximately 50 mg/dL
The blood glucose level should be checked after 15 minutes to
determine effectiveness. If hypoglycemia is not corrected, the
process is repeated until euglycemia is achieved (15 g of quick-
acting carbohydrate followed by a repeat BG check after 15
minutes).
1800 rule Correct Answers predicts the drop in BG level for
each 1 unit of extra regular insulin beyond the bolus insulin
needed to cover meal carbohydrate intake
determined by dividing the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin
units into the number 1800
The higher the TDD, the lower the insulin correction factor, and
thus the patient will require higher doses of correction insulin.
a benign tumor within the anterior pituitary gland (pituitary
adenoma) Correct Answers most common cause of
hyperpituitarism
,acanthosis nigricans Correct Answers a velvety darkening of
the skin that is sometimes seen on the posterior neck, axillae,
and skin folds of the groin and is a cutaneous marker of insulin
resistance and a "red flag" for diabetes risk
adrenalectomy Correct Answers removal of one or both
adrenal glands
Age
Autoimmune conditions
Cancer treatment
Chromosomal deficiencies
Chronic medical conditions
Family history
Genetics
Hormonal supplement therapy
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Stress
Trauma Correct Answers common risk factors for hormonal
imbalance
albumin, BUN, creatinine Correct Answers lab tests to assess
renal function
alterations in growth and development, alterations in cognition,
alterations in metabolism, alterations in reproduction, changes in
growth, and altered adaptive responses Correct Answers
common consequences from impaired hormonal regulation
, American Indians/Alaska Natives (age-adjusted percentile of
15.9%)
African Americans (13.2%)
Hispanic/Latino (12.8%, with Puerto Ricans and Mexican
Americans having the highest rate)
Asian Americans (9.0%) Correct Answers racial and ethnic
populations that have greater genetic predisposition to insulin
resistance, leading to a higher risk for type 2 diabetes
aminoglutethimide (Elipten and Cytadren), metyrapone
(Metopirone), and cyproheptadine (Periactin) Correct Answers
pharmacotherapy for hypercortisolism (Cushing's disease)
angiopathy Correct Answers damage to blood vessels
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin Correct Answers hormones of the posterior pituitary
gland
autonomic neuropathy Correct Answers impaired pupil
response to light, erectile dysfunction, loss of vaginal
lubrication, painless cardiac ischemia, impaired exercise
tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, resting tachycardia, dry skin,
and impaired temperature regulation
Basal insulin therapy Correct Answers can be provided with
either neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, glargine, or
detimir insulin
Questions With Complete Solutions
"hyper" Correct Answers prefix describing states of excess in
a gland or hormone
"hypo" Correct Answers prefix describing deficient states in a
gland or hormone
15/15 rule Correct Answers recommended for correcting
hypoglycemia: 15 g of quick-acting carbohydrate can raise
blood glucose levels by approximately 50 mg/dL
The blood glucose level should be checked after 15 minutes to
determine effectiveness. If hypoglycemia is not corrected, the
process is repeated until euglycemia is achieved (15 g of quick-
acting carbohydrate followed by a repeat BG check after 15
minutes).
1800 rule Correct Answers predicts the drop in BG level for
each 1 unit of extra regular insulin beyond the bolus insulin
needed to cover meal carbohydrate intake
determined by dividing the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin
units into the number 1800
The higher the TDD, the lower the insulin correction factor, and
thus the patient will require higher doses of correction insulin.
a benign tumor within the anterior pituitary gland (pituitary
adenoma) Correct Answers most common cause of
hyperpituitarism
,acanthosis nigricans Correct Answers a velvety darkening of
the skin that is sometimes seen on the posterior neck, axillae,
and skin folds of the groin and is a cutaneous marker of insulin
resistance and a "red flag" for diabetes risk
adrenalectomy Correct Answers removal of one or both
adrenal glands
Age
Autoimmune conditions
Cancer treatment
Chromosomal deficiencies
Chronic medical conditions
Family history
Genetics
Hormonal supplement therapy
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Stress
Trauma Correct Answers common risk factors for hormonal
imbalance
albumin, BUN, creatinine Correct Answers lab tests to assess
renal function
alterations in growth and development, alterations in cognition,
alterations in metabolism, alterations in reproduction, changes in
growth, and altered adaptive responses Correct Answers
common consequences from impaired hormonal regulation
, American Indians/Alaska Natives (age-adjusted percentile of
15.9%)
African Americans (13.2%)
Hispanic/Latino (12.8%, with Puerto Ricans and Mexican
Americans having the highest rate)
Asian Americans (9.0%) Correct Answers racial and ethnic
populations that have greater genetic predisposition to insulin
resistance, leading to a higher risk for type 2 diabetes
aminoglutethimide (Elipten and Cytadren), metyrapone
(Metopirone), and cyproheptadine (Periactin) Correct Answers
pharmacotherapy for hypercortisolism (Cushing's disease)
angiopathy Correct Answers damage to blood vessels
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin Correct Answers hormones of the posterior pituitary
gland
autonomic neuropathy Correct Answers impaired pupil
response to light, erectile dysfunction, loss of vaginal
lubrication, painless cardiac ischemia, impaired exercise
tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, resting tachycardia, dry skin,
and impaired temperature regulation
Basal insulin therapy Correct Answers can be provided with
either neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, glargine, or
detimir insulin
