F S
Page No.:
Date:
5EMESTER - 4 O4anicChemistxu
t Amines e deiuatiesof Cmmonta (H 3 n shich OneOX
hydgen tonn 5 have been xeplaced by alkyl qroups
Anmines axe classiied as Psinmy (4°)Seconday (2°) oY
Text inya
aondina 4 he numbey of calkyl gOups attached to +he
R. R
T
R-N-H R N -H R- N R
Seuondan2)
has 4oo
Tertiaxy3°)
’ 14 h s thyee
alkyl gYoupdiveetly alkyl groups.
Cdtcc hed 4o+he
L1
compaund
I t shape Puxamidal
- Bond cngle - 104°28' H)
, * Salts of
Amines -
Al amines
are bcAsic, They zecct coith acids to foxm salts.
The aHs c n be consideed as being Kelated to UmmOnium NH4t)
SalHs shexe he ammanium ion have been xeplaced
hydxogens ot
by allky graupsS
Iahen all four hydxogens af the aamanium ian hae been xaplaced
hy olky graups, he canmpaund is called Quatexngy Ammonium Salt,
NHa NH4
Quatexnaxy
Ammonium Salt.
Basicity
Amines axe basic in matuxe.
-- This is beca use
theypossess.
electxans on nitxogen.
anfunsharsd paiy (laan pair of
-1S cvailab le foy 4he fomation
Taus Amines of a neo bond csith a pxoton
leis acids.
xeat ith aaids
+o foTm salts
R - NH2 + H C R-NH3 C
Amine
Alkylann manium
chloide
Basic1ty constants & stxang hases leg NaoH koH
- Amines
completely ionize in aqueous solutiovn.
awealk Bases.
’ They only purtially ionized in aq sol.
ex ists bt the ionized nd unioníse fo ms .
R NH2 + H9o
The extent af ionization is descxibed bu an eq. const ant
known as busicHy
constant.
IH isdefined us
She conce ntsation of 4he oXod ucts of ionisuton
in moles pex Iitet
divided by 4he conc. of 4he un ionised
, T FS S
¥ Basicity kb ‘ - PKb Page No.:
Date:
XLaan paix donate 1 Busicit y
Kb = CRNHJLOH-] -pkb log ka t
LRNH2
Taebasicityeonstant Cikb]desesibe the elative stxenath of
weak buse.
buses. casill have ’
highex numexi Cal values of Kb
(ocwe pkb values).
deakex hases have lotae x 9mexical Values of kh
(highex pkb vatues).
Relative Busicities e Aliphatic cAM neS cAxe stranger bases Hhn
am moicd.
This is be cause the alkyl gsoups cve eleetron veleasing
They incease 4he electon dens ity aYo und +ne nityo9en
Aheseby incseusing the uvailability of the pai of electons
Move less
available availuble
R- N H
H
H
Amine Anamonia
busic than because
the electon 3elecAse by alkyl qb0ups increases loan pui avai labilitu
The geatex the number of electxon -3eleasing alkyl qroups
the qxeter 4he availability ot nityoqen's loan pui
and stonger the base.
R-N - H R-N - R
(2) (4)
-nly applicable for
qu seo us st ate
Page No.:
Date:
5EMESTER - 4 O4anicChemistxu
t Amines e deiuatiesof Cmmonta (H 3 n shich OneOX
hydgen tonn 5 have been xeplaced by alkyl qroups
Anmines axe classiied as Psinmy (4°)Seconday (2°) oY
Text inya
aondina 4 he numbey of calkyl gOups attached to +he
R. R
T
R-N-H R N -H R- N R
Seuondan2)
has 4oo
Tertiaxy3°)
’ 14 h s thyee
alkyl gYoupdiveetly alkyl groups.
Cdtcc hed 4o+he
L1
compaund
I t shape Puxamidal
- Bond cngle - 104°28' H)
, * Salts of
Amines -
Al amines
are bcAsic, They zecct coith acids to foxm salts.
The aHs c n be consideed as being Kelated to UmmOnium NH4t)
SalHs shexe he ammanium ion have been xeplaced
hydxogens ot
by allky graupsS
Iahen all four hydxogens af the aamanium ian hae been xaplaced
hy olky graups, he canmpaund is called Quatexngy Ammonium Salt,
NHa NH4
Quatexnaxy
Ammonium Salt.
Basicity
Amines axe basic in matuxe.
-- This is beca use
theypossess.
electxans on nitxogen.
anfunsharsd paiy (laan pair of
-1S cvailab le foy 4he fomation
Taus Amines of a neo bond csith a pxoton
leis acids.
xeat ith aaids
+o foTm salts
R - NH2 + H C R-NH3 C
Amine
Alkylann manium
chloide
Basic1ty constants & stxang hases leg NaoH koH
- Amines
completely ionize in aqueous solutiovn.
awealk Bases.
’ They only purtially ionized in aq sol.
ex ists bt the ionized nd unioníse fo ms .
R NH2 + H9o
The extent af ionization is descxibed bu an eq. const ant
known as busicHy
constant.
IH isdefined us
She conce ntsation of 4he oXod ucts of ionisuton
in moles pex Iitet
divided by 4he conc. of 4he un ionised
, T FS S
¥ Basicity kb ‘ - PKb Page No.:
Date:
XLaan paix donate 1 Busicit y
Kb = CRNHJLOH-] -pkb log ka t
LRNH2
Taebasicityeonstant Cikb]desesibe the elative stxenath of
weak buse.
buses. casill have ’
highex numexi Cal values of Kb
(ocwe pkb values).
deakex hases have lotae x 9mexical Values of kh
(highex pkb vatues).
Relative Busicities e Aliphatic cAM neS cAxe stranger bases Hhn
am moicd.
This is be cause the alkyl gsoups cve eleetron veleasing
They incease 4he electon dens ity aYo und +ne nityo9en
Aheseby incseusing the uvailability of the pai of electons
Move less
available availuble
R- N H
H
H
Amine Anamonia
busic than because
the electon 3elecAse by alkyl qb0ups increases loan pui avai labilitu
The geatex the number of electxon -3eleasing alkyl qroups
the qxeter 4he availability ot nityoqen's loan pui
and stonger the base.
R-N - H R-N - R
(2) (4)
-nly applicable for
qu seo us st ate
