Management 3305 Exam #1 Questions And
Complete Answers
Organizations - answer social structures created by individuals to support the
collaborative pursuit of specific goals
OB (Organizational Behavior) - answer refers to explaining human behavior in
organizations, which includes examining the behavior of individuals, groups, or all the
members of an organization as a whole
PEOPLE, GOALS, COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
1. Enhances your self-awareness and capacity for self-improvement
2. Equips you to serve in managerial roles in organizations
3. Enables you to understand, interact with, and influence others - answer Three
reasons to study OB
Technical Skills - answer refer to expertise in a particular task or field
Relational Skills - answer talents for getting along with and motivating people
refer to the capability to understand complex issues and underlying causes and to solve
problems with broad implications - answer Conceptual Skills
Stakeholder - answer any individual or group within or outside the organization that is
directly affected by the organization and has a stake in its performance
ex: owners, customers, employees, government, suppliers, lenders, community, society
Conventional OB - answer tends to emphasize the material or financial well-being and
the interests of a narrow range of stakeholders in the immediate future
(make money, self-interest, predictability, short term profits)
Sustainable OB - answer tends to emphasize multiple forms of well-being (i.e., financial,
social, ecological, spiritual) and the interests of a broad range of stakeholders in the
immediate as well as distant future
(community, long term consequences)
- 1910-130
- focusing on analyzing and improving efficiency of work processes
- Frederick Taylor: Taylorism
,- Frank and Lilian Gilbreth: time and motion study to find "one best way"
- economic efficiency was the goal - answer History of OB: Scientific Era
- 1930-1950
- focuses on how the social environment of work influences attitudes and behavior
- Hawthorne Effect: an improvement in work productivity resulting from people
receiving attention from observes
- Mary Parker Follett: "communities", freedom to discuss, decide, and resolve
- Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger (importance of interactions and relationships) -
answer History of OB: Human Relations Era
- 1950-1970
- highlights the complex interdependence between individuals, features of
organizations, and the broader organizational context - answer History of OB: System
Era
- 1970-1990
- Philip Selznick
- institutionalization: has occurred when organizational practices or rules are accepted
and perpetuated without regard to instrumental rationality
- social construct: the idea that we perceive to be real is influenced by the social
environment - answer History of OB: Belief Era
- 1990-Present
- management theory needs to focus on positive influences of organizations on society
, - ecological sustainability
- societal well-being
- holistic concerns (greater value on less tangible concerns) - answer History of OB:
Sustainability Era
Diversity - answer is a state of having or being composed of differing attributes
- each person has unique attributes, such as the surface-level characteristics of race,
ethnicity, age, gender, and physical disabilities, and deep-level or internal
characteristics like abilities, personality, self-evaluations, and beliefs and values
competitive advantage - answer Diversity is the source of a _______ _______ of an
organization
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 - answer prohibits discrimination against
individuals because of their race, color, religion, national origin, or sex
1. "Like Me" Bias
2. Stereotype
3. Enthocentlrism - answer 3 Sources of Discrimination
"Like Me" Bias - answer people's preference to associate with other people who they
perceive to be like themselves
Stereotype - answer general perceptions about a group of people with similar
characteristics
Complete Answers
Organizations - answer social structures created by individuals to support the
collaborative pursuit of specific goals
OB (Organizational Behavior) - answer refers to explaining human behavior in
organizations, which includes examining the behavior of individuals, groups, or all the
members of an organization as a whole
PEOPLE, GOALS, COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
1. Enhances your self-awareness and capacity for self-improvement
2. Equips you to serve in managerial roles in organizations
3. Enables you to understand, interact with, and influence others - answer Three
reasons to study OB
Technical Skills - answer refer to expertise in a particular task or field
Relational Skills - answer talents for getting along with and motivating people
refer to the capability to understand complex issues and underlying causes and to solve
problems with broad implications - answer Conceptual Skills
Stakeholder - answer any individual or group within or outside the organization that is
directly affected by the organization and has a stake in its performance
ex: owners, customers, employees, government, suppliers, lenders, community, society
Conventional OB - answer tends to emphasize the material or financial well-being and
the interests of a narrow range of stakeholders in the immediate future
(make money, self-interest, predictability, short term profits)
Sustainable OB - answer tends to emphasize multiple forms of well-being (i.e., financial,
social, ecological, spiritual) and the interests of a broad range of stakeholders in the
immediate as well as distant future
(community, long term consequences)
- 1910-130
- focusing on analyzing and improving efficiency of work processes
- Frederick Taylor: Taylorism
,- Frank and Lilian Gilbreth: time and motion study to find "one best way"
- economic efficiency was the goal - answer History of OB: Scientific Era
- 1930-1950
- focuses on how the social environment of work influences attitudes and behavior
- Hawthorne Effect: an improvement in work productivity resulting from people
receiving attention from observes
- Mary Parker Follett: "communities", freedom to discuss, decide, and resolve
- Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger (importance of interactions and relationships) -
answer History of OB: Human Relations Era
- 1950-1970
- highlights the complex interdependence between individuals, features of
organizations, and the broader organizational context - answer History of OB: System
Era
- 1970-1990
- Philip Selznick
- institutionalization: has occurred when organizational practices or rules are accepted
and perpetuated without regard to instrumental rationality
- social construct: the idea that we perceive to be real is influenced by the social
environment - answer History of OB: Belief Era
- 1990-Present
- management theory needs to focus on positive influences of organizations on society
, - ecological sustainability
- societal well-being
- holistic concerns (greater value on less tangible concerns) - answer History of OB:
Sustainability Era
Diversity - answer is a state of having or being composed of differing attributes
- each person has unique attributes, such as the surface-level characteristics of race,
ethnicity, age, gender, and physical disabilities, and deep-level or internal
characteristics like abilities, personality, self-evaluations, and beliefs and values
competitive advantage - answer Diversity is the source of a _______ _______ of an
organization
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 - answer prohibits discrimination against
individuals because of their race, color, religion, national origin, or sex
1. "Like Me" Bias
2. Stereotype
3. Enthocentlrism - answer 3 Sources of Discrimination
"Like Me" Bias - answer people's preference to associate with other people who they
perceive to be like themselves
Stereotype - answer general perceptions about a group of people with similar
characteristics
