8/17/25, 10:23
AM
MODULE 5 - NURS 306 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
UPDATE GRADED A 2025/2026
The neuroanatomy of CNS and PNS
pain
includes
• Brain and Spine
CNS includes the • Interprets pain signals from the body and
transmits messages back
• Large (A-delta fibers) and small (c fibers)
carry pain signals to the CNS for
PNS includes interpretation
- cranial and spinal nerves
a stimulus passes from the peripheral neuron
causing a 'gate' to open, allowing the pain
What is the Gate Control signal to travel to the CNS.
Theory of Pain?
- in the CNS --> known as pain
Nociception involves the detection of painful
1/16
,8/17/25, 10:23
AM
stimuli and the transmission of pain signals
What is nociception? to the CNS.
- perception of pain
1.Transduction - nerve impulse perceived.
2.Transmission - signal moves from periphery
nerve to the spinal cord to the brain.
4 steps of nociception 3. Perception - Impulses bring transmitted
to the higher areas of the brain are
identified as pain.
4. Modulation - factors that inhibit and facilitate input.
What are the different Acute, chronic, episodic, neuropathic, phantom,
types of pain? referred, radiating, visceral, somatic
What is the It is used to gather subjective data about pain,
OLDCARTS mnemonic including Onset, Location, Duration,
used for in pain Characteristics, Aggravating factors, Relieving
assessment? factors, and Treatment.
It helps in understanding how pain affects
What is the importance daily life, managing pain effectively, and
of pain assessment in evaluating treatment responses.
nursing?
- subjective data
What are the Vital signs, neurological, cardiac, pulmonary,
physiological effects gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal,
2/16
, 8/17/25, 10:23
AM
to assess during a and skin changes.
pain assessment?
What behavioral Emotional, social, vocalization, verbalization,
responses should be facial expression, and body actions.
observed in clients
during
pain assessment?
How can pain be By observing vocalizations, facial grimacing,
assessed in clients bracing, rubbing of areas, and restlessness.
who are unable
to verbalize?
What is a multi-modal It involves using a combination of
approach to pain pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic
management? treatments to manage pain.
1. Non-pharmacologic
4 steps of the multi- 2. Acetaminophen or NSAIDS
modal approach 3. Weak opioids
4. Strong opioids, neuromuscular blocks
A condition where higher doses or more
What is opioid frequent dosing of opioids are required to
tolerance? achieve the same pain relief effect.
3/16
AM
MODULE 5 - NURS 306 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
UPDATE GRADED A 2025/2026
The neuroanatomy of CNS and PNS
pain
includes
• Brain and Spine
CNS includes the • Interprets pain signals from the body and
transmits messages back
• Large (A-delta fibers) and small (c fibers)
carry pain signals to the CNS for
PNS includes interpretation
- cranial and spinal nerves
a stimulus passes from the peripheral neuron
causing a 'gate' to open, allowing the pain
What is the Gate Control signal to travel to the CNS.
Theory of Pain?
- in the CNS --> known as pain
Nociception involves the detection of painful
1/16
,8/17/25, 10:23
AM
stimuli and the transmission of pain signals
What is nociception? to the CNS.
- perception of pain
1.Transduction - nerve impulse perceived.
2.Transmission - signal moves from periphery
nerve to the spinal cord to the brain.
4 steps of nociception 3. Perception - Impulses bring transmitted
to the higher areas of the brain are
identified as pain.
4. Modulation - factors that inhibit and facilitate input.
What are the different Acute, chronic, episodic, neuropathic, phantom,
types of pain? referred, radiating, visceral, somatic
What is the It is used to gather subjective data about pain,
OLDCARTS mnemonic including Onset, Location, Duration,
used for in pain Characteristics, Aggravating factors, Relieving
assessment? factors, and Treatment.
It helps in understanding how pain affects
What is the importance daily life, managing pain effectively, and
of pain assessment in evaluating treatment responses.
nursing?
- subjective data
What are the Vital signs, neurological, cardiac, pulmonary,
physiological effects gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal,
2/16
, 8/17/25, 10:23
AM
to assess during a and skin changes.
pain assessment?
What behavioral Emotional, social, vocalization, verbalization,
responses should be facial expression, and body actions.
observed in clients
during
pain assessment?
How can pain be By observing vocalizations, facial grimacing,
assessed in clients bracing, rubbing of areas, and restlessness.
who are unable
to verbalize?
What is a multi-modal It involves using a combination of
approach to pain pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic
management? treatments to manage pain.
1. Non-pharmacologic
4 steps of the multi- 2. Acetaminophen or NSAIDS
modal approach 3. Weak opioids
4. Strong opioids, neuromuscular blocks
A condition where higher doses or more
What is opioid frequent dosing of opioids are required to
tolerance? achieve the same pain relief effect.
3/16
