Microbiology: A Systems Approach Exam 1
Microbiology - (correct Answer) - The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification
Bioremediation - (correct Answer) - Introduction of microbes into the environment to resort stability or
clean up toxic pollutants such as oil spills or chemical spills, or for use in water and sewage treatment
Examples of human use of microbiology: biotechnology - Recombinant DNA Technology - (correct
Answer) - Allows microbes to be engineered to synthesize desirable proteins (i.e. drugs, hormones, and
enzymes)
General characteristics of Prokaryotic organisms - (correct Answer) - About 10x smaller than eukaryotes.
Lack nucleus, organelles.
Have a cell wall.
All are microorganisms.
General characteristics of Eukaryotic organisms - (correct Answer) - About 10 x bigger than prokaryotes.
Have organelles and nucleus
Lack cell wall.
Not all are microorganisms
General characteristics of Viruses - (correct Answer) - Not independently living cellular organisms.
Much simpler than cells - basically a small amount of DNA or RNA wrapped in protein and sometimes by
a lipid membrane (envelope).
Individual are referred to as a virus particle or virion.
Depend on the infected cell's machinery to multiply and disperse.
Louis Pasteur - (correct Answer) - Discovered Pasteurization
Developed the Germ Theory of Disease
Robert Koch - (correct Answer) - Verified Germ Theory
Developed Koch's Postulates
Koch's Postulates - (correct Answer) - Disease is always in sick, not healthy
Isolate microorganism
Infection with pure microbes results in disease
, Re-isoalte microorganism from infected individuals
Major groups of microbes - (correct Answer) - Bacteria, Algae, Protozoa, Archaea, Helminths, Viruses
Virus - (correct Answer) - Non-cellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements that can infect all living
things, including other microbes
Major types of Prokaryotes - (correct Answer) - Bacteria, Archaea
Major types of Eukaryotes - (correct Answer) - Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, Helminths
Bacteriology - (correct Answer) - Study of Prokaryotes
Mycology - (correct Answer) - Study of Fungi
Phycology - (correct Answer) - Study of Algae
Protozoology - (correct Answer) - Study of Protozoa
Virology - (correct Answer) - Study of Viruses
Immunology - (correct Answer) - Study of the immune system
Taxonomy - (correct Answer) - The science and classification of living things
acelluar - (correct Answer) - viruses
The earliest organisms found in the fossil record - (correct Answer) - Microbes
Prokaryote - (correct Answer) - Cells lacking special structures such as a nucleus and organelles. All
prokaryotes are microorganisms
Eukaryote - (correct Answer) - A cell that has a a nuclear membrane (a well-defined nucleus),
membrane-bounded subcellular organelles, and mitotic cell division.
photosynthesis - (correct Answer) - light-fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organic material,
accompanied by formation of oxygen (first occurred in bacteria)
decomposition - (correct Answer) - the breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds
that can be directed back into natural cycles of living things
pathogens - (correct Answer) - microbes that cause disease
archaea - (correct Answer) - prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that can live in extreme environments
biotechnology - (correct Answer) - use of microbes or their products for commercial or industrial
purposes
deductive process - (correct Answer) - used when a general principle has already been established
inductive process - (correct Answer) - discovery process; leads to the creation of a general principle
Microbiology - (correct Answer) - The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification
Microbiology - (correct Answer) - The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification
Bioremediation - (correct Answer) - Introduction of microbes into the environment to resort stability or
clean up toxic pollutants such as oil spills or chemical spills, or for use in water and sewage treatment
Examples of human use of microbiology: biotechnology - Recombinant DNA Technology - (correct
Answer) - Allows microbes to be engineered to synthesize desirable proteins (i.e. drugs, hormones, and
enzymes)
General characteristics of Prokaryotic organisms - (correct Answer) - About 10x smaller than eukaryotes.
Lack nucleus, organelles.
Have a cell wall.
All are microorganisms.
General characteristics of Eukaryotic organisms - (correct Answer) - About 10 x bigger than prokaryotes.
Have organelles and nucleus
Lack cell wall.
Not all are microorganisms
General characteristics of Viruses - (correct Answer) - Not independently living cellular organisms.
Much simpler than cells - basically a small amount of DNA or RNA wrapped in protein and sometimes by
a lipid membrane (envelope).
Individual are referred to as a virus particle or virion.
Depend on the infected cell's machinery to multiply and disperse.
Louis Pasteur - (correct Answer) - Discovered Pasteurization
Developed the Germ Theory of Disease
Robert Koch - (correct Answer) - Verified Germ Theory
Developed Koch's Postulates
Koch's Postulates - (correct Answer) - Disease is always in sick, not healthy
Isolate microorganism
Infection with pure microbes results in disease
, Re-isoalte microorganism from infected individuals
Major groups of microbes - (correct Answer) - Bacteria, Algae, Protozoa, Archaea, Helminths, Viruses
Virus - (correct Answer) - Non-cellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements that can infect all living
things, including other microbes
Major types of Prokaryotes - (correct Answer) - Bacteria, Archaea
Major types of Eukaryotes - (correct Answer) - Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, Helminths
Bacteriology - (correct Answer) - Study of Prokaryotes
Mycology - (correct Answer) - Study of Fungi
Phycology - (correct Answer) - Study of Algae
Protozoology - (correct Answer) - Study of Protozoa
Virology - (correct Answer) - Study of Viruses
Immunology - (correct Answer) - Study of the immune system
Taxonomy - (correct Answer) - The science and classification of living things
acelluar - (correct Answer) - viruses
The earliest organisms found in the fossil record - (correct Answer) - Microbes
Prokaryote - (correct Answer) - Cells lacking special structures such as a nucleus and organelles. All
prokaryotes are microorganisms
Eukaryote - (correct Answer) - A cell that has a a nuclear membrane (a well-defined nucleus),
membrane-bounded subcellular organelles, and mitotic cell division.
photosynthesis - (correct Answer) - light-fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organic material,
accompanied by formation of oxygen (first occurred in bacteria)
decomposition - (correct Answer) - the breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds
that can be directed back into natural cycles of living things
pathogens - (correct Answer) - microbes that cause disease
archaea - (correct Answer) - prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that can live in extreme environments
biotechnology - (correct Answer) - use of microbes or their products for commercial or industrial
purposes
deductive process - (correct Answer) - used when a general principle has already been established
inductive process - (correct Answer) - discovery process; leads to the creation of a general principle
Microbiology - (correct Answer) - The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification
