Notes
🟢 Term 1 – The French Revolution (1789)
Causes of the Revolution
● Political: Absolute monarchy of Louis XVI, unfair laws.
● Social: Three Estates (clergy, nobility, commoners) → inequality.
● Economic: High taxes on poor, food shortages, national debt.
● Ideas: Enlightenment thinkers (freedom, equality, democracy).
Events
● Storming of the Bastille (1789) → symbol of revolt.
● Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
● Execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.
● Reign of Terror (Robespierre).
Outcomes
● End of monarchy in France.
● Spread of revolutionary ideas (liberty, equality, fraternity).
● Inspired revolutions worldwide (e.g. Haiti, Latin America).
🟠 Term 2 – The South African War (Anglo-Boer War,
1899–1902)