8/21/25, 8:21
AM
N334 EXAM 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED UPDATE
2025/2026 GUARANTEED PASS
Terms in this set (34)
Loop diuretic used for edema, high BP,
hyperkalemia, and HF Effective even
Furosemide when GFR low
Blocks Na+ and Cl- in loop of Henle (20-25%
reabsorption)
Adverse: potent diuresis, hypotension
hypokalemia (esp w/ digoxin), NEPHROTOXIC
(w/ thiazide), OTOTOXIC
Blocks Na+ and H2O reabsorption in early distal
convuluted tubule; ineffective when GFR low
Produces less diuresis than loops and not ototoxic
Adverse: hypokalemia (esp w/ digoxin),
Hydrochlorothiazide dehydration, hyperglycemia, hyperurcemia Do
not use iif creatine clearance is less than 30
(norm is 150) - metolazone is the exception
and can be used till 10
First lie for hypertension also used for edema, HF, DI
Contraindications: GOUT, DIGOXIN, LITHIUM, renal
impairment, preg & lact
Potassium
1/
13
, 8/21/25, 8:21
AM
Sparing Diuretic
Causes modest
diuresis
Primarily used to counteract K+ loss in
Sprinolactone pts taking other diuretics Adverse:
HYPERKALEMIA (do not use with other
K+ supplements), Uses:
hypertension, edema, HF
Therapeutic effects in 12-48 hrs
Contraindications: hyperkalemia, potassium
supplement, sever kidney failure, ACE, ARB,
salt subs
Osmotic diuretic that causes rapid diuresis to treat high
ICP
Complications: dehydration, HF, pulm edema,
rebound increased ICP, electrolyte imbalances,
Mannitol metabolic acidosis
Contraindications: active intracranial bleed,
anuria, pulm edema, renal failure, dehydration,
preg & lact
Interactions: lithium, increased risk of
hypoK+ w/ cardiac glycosides Admin: IV
ONLY, may crystalize at low temps, use
of filter required
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Used for open angle glaucoma, edema, high alt
sickness, to decrease intraocular pressure
before surgery
Adverse: acidosis, hypoK+, paresthesias,
2/
13
AM
N334 EXAM 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED UPDATE
2025/2026 GUARANTEED PASS
Terms in this set (34)
Loop diuretic used for edema, high BP,
hyperkalemia, and HF Effective even
Furosemide when GFR low
Blocks Na+ and Cl- in loop of Henle (20-25%
reabsorption)
Adverse: potent diuresis, hypotension
hypokalemia (esp w/ digoxin), NEPHROTOXIC
(w/ thiazide), OTOTOXIC
Blocks Na+ and H2O reabsorption in early distal
convuluted tubule; ineffective when GFR low
Produces less diuresis than loops and not ototoxic
Adverse: hypokalemia (esp w/ digoxin),
Hydrochlorothiazide dehydration, hyperglycemia, hyperurcemia Do
not use iif creatine clearance is less than 30
(norm is 150) - metolazone is the exception
and can be used till 10
First lie for hypertension also used for edema, HF, DI
Contraindications: GOUT, DIGOXIN, LITHIUM, renal
impairment, preg & lact
Potassium
1/
13
, 8/21/25, 8:21
AM
Sparing Diuretic
Causes modest
diuresis
Primarily used to counteract K+ loss in
Sprinolactone pts taking other diuretics Adverse:
HYPERKALEMIA (do not use with other
K+ supplements), Uses:
hypertension, edema, HF
Therapeutic effects in 12-48 hrs
Contraindications: hyperkalemia, potassium
supplement, sever kidney failure, ACE, ARB,
salt subs
Osmotic diuretic that causes rapid diuresis to treat high
ICP
Complications: dehydration, HF, pulm edema,
rebound increased ICP, electrolyte imbalances,
Mannitol metabolic acidosis
Contraindications: active intracranial bleed,
anuria, pulm edema, renal failure, dehydration,
preg & lact
Interactions: lithium, increased risk of
hypoK+ w/ cardiac glycosides Admin: IV
ONLY, may crystalize at low temps, use
of filter required
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Used for open angle glaucoma, edema, high alt
sickness, to decrease intraocular pressure
before surgery
Adverse: acidosis, hypoK+, paresthesias,
2/
13
