MODULE ON
NURSING THEORY
1
, NURSING THEORY
INDEX
SR.NO. THEORY PAGE NO
Introduction of nursing theories 4-6
1 1. Florence Nightingale - Environment theory 7-9
2 2. Virginia Henderson - Need Theory 10-18
3 3. Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems 19-23
4 4. Dorothy Johnson - System model 24- 28
5 5. Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings 29- 32
6 6. Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory 33-52
7 7. Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory 53-71
8 8. Betty Neuman - System model 72- 86
9 Sister Calista Roy - Adaptation theory 87- 102
10 Jean Watson - Philosophy and Caring Model 103-108
11 Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory 109-112
12 Madeleine Leininger -Transcultural nursing 113-114
2
,13 Margaret Newman - Health As Expanding Consciousness 119-122
14 Katharine Kolcaba - Comfort Theory 123-125
15 Paplue‘sInterpersonal theory 126- 138
16 Health belief model 139- 140
17 Health promotion model 141-145
19 Maslows theory of needs 146- 147
20 Freud‘s Psychoanalytic Theory
21 Erikson‘s Theory of Psychosocial development 148-151
22 Piaget's Cognitive development theory 152-153
3
, NURSING THEORY
NURSING THEORY
DEFINITION
Nursing theory is an organized and systematic articulation of a set of statements related to
questions in the discipline of nursing.
"A nursing theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions or
propositions derived from nursing models or from other disciplines and project a purposive,
systematic view of phenomena by designing specific inter-relationships among concepts for
the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and /or prescribing."
IMPORTANCE OF NURSING THEORIES
1. Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of nursing
2. It should provide the foundations of nursing practice, help to generate further
knowledge and indicate in which direction nursing should develop in the future.
Theory is important because it helps us to decide what we know and what we need to
know
3. It helps to distinguish what should form the basis of practice by explicitly describing
nursing. The benefits of having a defined body of theory in nursing include better
patient care, enhanced professional status for nurses, improved communication
between nurses, and guidance for research and education
4. The main exponent of nursing – caring – cannot be measured, it is vital to have the
theory to analyze and explain what nurses do.
5. As medicine tries to make a move towards adopting a more multidisciplinary
approach to health care, nursing continues to strive to establish a unique body of
knowledge.
6. This can be seen as an attempt by the nursing profession to maintain its professional
boundaries.
EVOLUTION OF NURSING THEORIES & APPLICATION
The history of professional nursing begins with Florence nightingale.
Later in last century nursing began with a strong emphasis on practice.
Following that came the curriculum era which addressed the questions about what the
nursing students should study in order to achieve the required standard of nursing.
As more and more nurses began to pursue higher degrees in nursing, there emerged
the research era.
Later graduate education and masters education was given much importance.
The development of the theory era was a natural outgrowth of the research era.
With an increased number of researches it became obvious that the research without
theory produced isolated information; however research and theory produced the
nursing sciences.
Within the contemporary phase there is an emphasis on theory use and theory based
nursing practice and lead to the continued development of the theories.
4
NURSING THEORY
1
, NURSING THEORY
INDEX
SR.NO. THEORY PAGE NO
Introduction of nursing theories 4-6
1 1. Florence Nightingale - Environment theory 7-9
2 2. Virginia Henderson - Need Theory 10-18
3 3. Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems 19-23
4 4. Dorothy Johnson - System model 24- 28
5 5. Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings 29- 32
6 6. Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory 33-52
7 7. Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory 53-71
8 8. Betty Neuman - System model 72- 86
9 Sister Calista Roy - Adaptation theory 87- 102
10 Jean Watson - Philosophy and Caring Model 103-108
11 Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory 109-112
12 Madeleine Leininger -Transcultural nursing 113-114
2
,13 Margaret Newman - Health As Expanding Consciousness 119-122
14 Katharine Kolcaba - Comfort Theory 123-125
15 Paplue‘sInterpersonal theory 126- 138
16 Health belief model 139- 140
17 Health promotion model 141-145
19 Maslows theory of needs 146- 147
20 Freud‘s Psychoanalytic Theory
21 Erikson‘s Theory of Psychosocial development 148-151
22 Piaget's Cognitive development theory 152-153
3
, NURSING THEORY
NURSING THEORY
DEFINITION
Nursing theory is an organized and systematic articulation of a set of statements related to
questions in the discipline of nursing.
"A nursing theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions or
propositions derived from nursing models or from other disciplines and project a purposive,
systematic view of phenomena by designing specific inter-relationships among concepts for
the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and /or prescribing."
IMPORTANCE OF NURSING THEORIES
1. Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of nursing
2. It should provide the foundations of nursing practice, help to generate further
knowledge and indicate in which direction nursing should develop in the future.
Theory is important because it helps us to decide what we know and what we need to
know
3. It helps to distinguish what should form the basis of practice by explicitly describing
nursing. The benefits of having a defined body of theory in nursing include better
patient care, enhanced professional status for nurses, improved communication
between nurses, and guidance for research and education
4. The main exponent of nursing – caring – cannot be measured, it is vital to have the
theory to analyze and explain what nurses do.
5. As medicine tries to make a move towards adopting a more multidisciplinary
approach to health care, nursing continues to strive to establish a unique body of
knowledge.
6. This can be seen as an attempt by the nursing profession to maintain its professional
boundaries.
EVOLUTION OF NURSING THEORIES & APPLICATION
The history of professional nursing begins with Florence nightingale.
Later in last century nursing began with a strong emphasis on practice.
Following that came the curriculum era which addressed the questions about what the
nursing students should study in order to achieve the required standard of nursing.
As more and more nurses began to pursue higher degrees in nursing, there emerged
the research era.
Later graduate education and masters education was given much importance.
The development of the theory era was a natural outgrowth of the research era.
With an increased number of researches it became obvious that the research without
theory produced isolated information; however research and theory produced the
nursing sciences.
Within the contemporary phase there is an emphasis on theory use and theory based
nursing practice and lead to the continued development of the theories.
4
