NSG 500 EXAM 2025 WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
it is noncardiac chest pain if: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔constant achiness, does not radiate,
worsens with pressing on chest wall, fleeting/needle like jab that lasts a few seconds, situated in
shoulders or between shoulder blades in the back
dullness on percussion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔present in pleural effusion or lobar pneumonia
tactile fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔decreased or absent if excess air in lungs (emphysema),
pelural thickening or effusion, bronchial obstruction
increased if presence of fluids, solid mass, consolidation
trachea exam - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔eviation: volume loss from fibrosis or atelactasis will pull
the trachea that direction. mau also be anterior mediastinal tumor, inlammation
lung percussion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔dull=cardiac, luver
tympany--stomach
resonant--lungs
flat--muscles and bones
lung percussion order - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔back (10 areas), right lateral--4 areas, left lateral 4
areas, front8 areas
classification of breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔vesicular--low pitched, low intesity
(normal healthy tissue)
bronchovesicular--over major bronchi, moderate in pitch and intensity
,bronchial breath soudns--highest in pitch and intensity--over trachea
bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds over peripheral lung tissue - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔ABNORMAL
breath sounds like blowing across the mouth of a bottle - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔amphoric=stiff
pulmonary caivty or tension pneumothorax
rub sound--lungs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔cratchy and high pitched
types of crackles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔fine: high pitched discrete with end of inspiration,
doesn't clear with cough
medium: lower more in middle stage of inspiration
coarse: bubbly with inspiration, loud
rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔deeper rumbling more pronounced during expiration. d/t thick
secretions
vocal resonance with lung ausculatation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔bronchophony--consolidation
in lungs--even a whisper can be heard clearly
egophony--consolidation of lung tissue--ee turns into "a"
bronchial breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔harsh, hollow sound - best heard over trachea
and larynx
bronchovesicular breath s - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔over bronchi, med pitch and loudness
vesicular sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔heard every where else, softest and lowest pitch
,fine crackles are more often in - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔bases of lungs
coarse crackles more often in - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔trachea and large bronchi
rhonchi are due to - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔airway obstruction from mass, secretions, muscular
constriction
wheezes are due to - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔constriction, mass, secretions
stridor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by
obstruction in the pharynx or larynx
S1 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔mitral and tricuspid valve closure with ventricular
contraction
s2 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔initiation of diastole aortic and pulmonic valves closing after
ventricles have emptied
s3 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔sometimes occurs when ventricular filling is almost complete. due to
RAPID ventricular filling. low pitch, use bell
s4 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔occurs with atria contraction to ensure ejection of any remaining
blood. Due to forceful atrial ejection into distended ventricle. low pitch, use bell
chest pain: cardiac - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔substernal provoked by effort, emotion, eating and
relieved by rest, nitro, often accompanied by diaphoresis and sometimes nausea
, chest pain: pleural - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔with breathing or coughing: sharp, present with
respiration, absend when holding breath
chest pain: esophageal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔burning, substernal, radiation to shoulder,
nocturnal/lying flat, releived with food, antacids and sometimes nitro
chest pain: peptic: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔almost always infradiaphragmatic and epigastric. PM
and AM attacks relieved by food
chest pain: biliary - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔under right scapula, prolonged, after eating, will
trigger angina
chest pain: arthritis/bursitis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔local tender/pain with movement
chest pain: cervical - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔pain with movement, associated with injury
chest pain musculoskeletal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔with movement, twisting, bending, focal
tenderness
sequence of chest assessment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔inspection, palpation, percussion,
auscultation
what is a thrill? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔palpable vibration it feels like the throat of a purring
cat. the thrill signifies turbulent blood flow and directs you to locate the origin of loud murmurs
-use your palm aspect of your four fingers
with grade 4 murmur or higher
order of cardiac auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Aortic (2nd space right sternal border)
CORRECT ANSWERS
it is noncardiac chest pain if: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔constant achiness, does not radiate,
worsens with pressing on chest wall, fleeting/needle like jab that lasts a few seconds, situated in
shoulders or between shoulder blades in the back
dullness on percussion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔present in pleural effusion or lobar pneumonia
tactile fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔decreased or absent if excess air in lungs (emphysema),
pelural thickening or effusion, bronchial obstruction
increased if presence of fluids, solid mass, consolidation
trachea exam - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔eviation: volume loss from fibrosis or atelactasis will pull
the trachea that direction. mau also be anterior mediastinal tumor, inlammation
lung percussion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔dull=cardiac, luver
tympany--stomach
resonant--lungs
flat--muscles and bones
lung percussion order - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔back (10 areas), right lateral--4 areas, left lateral 4
areas, front8 areas
classification of breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔vesicular--low pitched, low intesity
(normal healthy tissue)
bronchovesicular--over major bronchi, moderate in pitch and intensity
,bronchial breath soudns--highest in pitch and intensity--over trachea
bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds over peripheral lung tissue - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔ABNORMAL
breath sounds like blowing across the mouth of a bottle - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔amphoric=stiff
pulmonary caivty or tension pneumothorax
rub sound--lungs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔cratchy and high pitched
types of crackles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔fine: high pitched discrete with end of inspiration,
doesn't clear with cough
medium: lower more in middle stage of inspiration
coarse: bubbly with inspiration, loud
rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔deeper rumbling more pronounced during expiration. d/t thick
secretions
vocal resonance with lung ausculatation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔bronchophony--consolidation
in lungs--even a whisper can be heard clearly
egophony--consolidation of lung tissue--ee turns into "a"
bronchial breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔harsh, hollow sound - best heard over trachea
and larynx
bronchovesicular breath s - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔over bronchi, med pitch and loudness
vesicular sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔heard every where else, softest and lowest pitch
,fine crackles are more often in - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔bases of lungs
coarse crackles more often in - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔trachea and large bronchi
rhonchi are due to - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔airway obstruction from mass, secretions, muscular
constriction
wheezes are due to - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔constriction, mass, secretions
stridor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by
obstruction in the pharynx or larynx
S1 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔mitral and tricuspid valve closure with ventricular
contraction
s2 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔initiation of diastole aortic and pulmonic valves closing after
ventricles have emptied
s3 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔sometimes occurs when ventricular filling is almost complete. due to
RAPID ventricular filling. low pitch, use bell
s4 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔occurs with atria contraction to ensure ejection of any remaining
blood. Due to forceful atrial ejection into distended ventricle. low pitch, use bell
chest pain: cardiac - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔substernal provoked by effort, emotion, eating and
relieved by rest, nitro, often accompanied by diaphoresis and sometimes nausea
, chest pain: pleural - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔with breathing or coughing: sharp, present with
respiration, absend when holding breath
chest pain: esophageal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔burning, substernal, radiation to shoulder,
nocturnal/lying flat, releived with food, antacids and sometimes nitro
chest pain: peptic: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔almost always infradiaphragmatic and epigastric. PM
and AM attacks relieved by food
chest pain: biliary - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔under right scapula, prolonged, after eating, will
trigger angina
chest pain: arthritis/bursitis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔local tender/pain with movement
chest pain: cervical - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔pain with movement, associated with injury
chest pain musculoskeletal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔with movement, twisting, bending, focal
tenderness
sequence of chest assessment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔inspection, palpation, percussion,
auscultation
what is a thrill? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔palpable vibration it feels like the throat of a purring
cat. the thrill signifies turbulent blood flow and directs you to locate the origin of loud murmurs
-use your palm aspect of your four fingers
with grade 4 murmur or higher
order of cardiac auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Aortic (2nd space right sternal border)
