EAQ - Pulmonary - Chapter 19 Exam
2025 With 100% Correct Answers
The goblet cells of the lungs serve which purpose? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Entrap small
particulate matter
Rationale: The bronchi are lined with goblet cells, whose primary function is to secrete mucus
that entraps particulate
matter. Cilia are also structures in the bronchi, but their primary function is to sweep particulate
matter up and away so that it can be swallowed or expelled through coughing. Gaseous
exchange occurs across the respiratory membrane in the alveolar duct and the alveoli, but does
not involve the goblet cells. The alveoli
are clustered like grapes around each alveolar duct. This creates millions of interalveolar septa
(walls) that increase the space available for gas exchange.
Which changes take place during the process of inspiration? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Diaphragm descends
Intercostal muscles contract
Intrathoracic pressure decreases
Which amount of diaphragmatic excursion is considered normal? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔3 to 5
cm
Rationale: The diaphragmatic excursion of a normal adult should be equal bilaterally and
measure about 3 to 5 cm. This
movement may be up to 7 to 8 cm in well-conditioned people. In patients who have chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, this movement is 1 to 2 cm. The breathing function will not
work if the movement is less than 1 cm.
, Decreased tactile fremitus is consistent with which diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Pleural
effusion
Rationale: Decreased fremitus occurs when the bronchus of the patient is obstructed. Any
barrier that comes between the sound and the palpating hand of the nurse will decrease the
fremitus. When there is air outside the lung in the chest cavity, it prevents lung expansion and
decreases the tactile fremitus. Pleural effusion, thickening pneumothorax, or emphysema may
be responsible for this. During bronchitis and lobar pneumonia, tactile fremitus is normal and is
not decreased. In case of pulmonary infarction, fremitus is increased and is not decreased.
The nurse learns in shift report that the patient has Biot's respirations. The nurse anticipates
which assessment? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Normal breathing interrupted by apnea
Rationale: The breathing pattern in Biot's respiration is irregular. A series of three to four normal
respirations is followed
by a period of apnea. The length of the cycle is variable and lasts for 10 seconds to 1 minute. It
is generally seen in patients with head trauma, brain abscess, heat stroke, spinal meningitis, and
encephalitis. In chronic obstructive lung disease, the patient undertakes normal inspiration and
prolonged expiration to overcome the increased airway resistance. Gradual wax-and-wane
pattern of respiration is seen in the Cheyne-Stokes respiration. A breathing rate of less than 10
per minute occurs in patients who have bradypnea.
In which location would the nurse auscultate the highest point of the lung on the anterior side
of the chest? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔3 to 4 cm above the clavicle
RationaleIn the anterior chest, the apex or highest point of the lung tissue is 3 to 4 cm above
the clavicles. The clavicle,
commonly known as the collarbone, is located between the sternum and the scapula.
Posteriorly, the location of the seventh cervical vertebra marks the apex of the lung tissue. The
base, or the lower border of the lung, rests on the diaphragm at about the sixth rib in the
2025 With 100% Correct Answers
The goblet cells of the lungs serve which purpose? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Entrap small
particulate matter
Rationale: The bronchi are lined with goblet cells, whose primary function is to secrete mucus
that entraps particulate
matter. Cilia are also structures in the bronchi, but their primary function is to sweep particulate
matter up and away so that it can be swallowed or expelled through coughing. Gaseous
exchange occurs across the respiratory membrane in the alveolar duct and the alveoli, but does
not involve the goblet cells. The alveoli
are clustered like grapes around each alveolar duct. This creates millions of interalveolar septa
(walls) that increase the space available for gas exchange.
Which changes take place during the process of inspiration? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Diaphragm descends
Intercostal muscles contract
Intrathoracic pressure decreases
Which amount of diaphragmatic excursion is considered normal? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔3 to 5
cm
Rationale: The diaphragmatic excursion of a normal adult should be equal bilaterally and
measure about 3 to 5 cm. This
movement may be up to 7 to 8 cm in well-conditioned people. In patients who have chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, this movement is 1 to 2 cm. The breathing function will not
work if the movement is less than 1 cm.
, Decreased tactile fremitus is consistent with which diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Pleural
effusion
Rationale: Decreased fremitus occurs when the bronchus of the patient is obstructed. Any
barrier that comes between the sound and the palpating hand of the nurse will decrease the
fremitus. When there is air outside the lung in the chest cavity, it prevents lung expansion and
decreases the tactile fremitus. Pleural effusion, thickening pneumothorax, or emphysema may
be responsible for this. During bronchitis and lobar pneumonia, tactile fremitus is normal and is
not decreased. In case of pulmonary infarction, fremitus is increased and is not decreased.
The nurse learns in shift report that the patient has Biot's respirations. The nurse anticipates
which assessment? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Normal breathing interrupted by apnea
Rationale: The breathing pattern in Biot's respiration is irregular. A series of three to four normal
respirations is followed
by a period of apnea. The length of the cycle is variable and lasts for 10 seconds to 1 minute. It
is generally seen in patients with head trauma, brain abscess, heat stroke, spinal meningitis, and
encephalitis. In chronic obstructive lung disease, the patient undertakes normal inspiration and
prolonged expiration to overcome the increased airway resistance. Gradual wax-and-wane
pattern of respiration is seen in the Cheyne-Stokes respiration. A breathing rate of less than 10
per minute occurs in patients who have bradypnea.
In which location would the nurse auscultate the highest point of the lung on the anterior side
of the chest? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔3 to 4 cm above the clavicle
RationaleIn the anterior chest, the apex or highest point of the lung tissue is 3 to 4 cm above
the clavicles. The clavicle,
commonly known as the collarbone, is located between the sternum and the scapula.
Posteriorly, the location of the seventh cervical vertebra marks the apex of the lung tissue. The
base, or the lower border of the lung, rests on the diaphragm at about the sixth rib in the
