Test Bank for Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 8e Sareen Gropper,
Jack Smith, Timothy Carr (Answers At The End Of Each Chapter)
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of .
a. phospholipids
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. saturated fatty acids
e. enzymes
2. Which of the following is a common function of membrane proteins?
a. receptors
b. detoxifiers
c. purifier
d. neutron transporter
e. storage proteins
3. What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?
a. to produce bile
b. to regulate fluidity and permeability
c. to reduce stability
d. to produce hormones
e. to catalyze chemical reactions
4. Which of the following is not a usual function of the cytoskeleton?
a. locomotion
b. generation of ATP
c. structural support
d. positioning of organelles
e. transfer of DNA and RNA
5. Which cellular component enables signal transmission to various parts of the cell due to interconnections within the
cytosol?
a. glycoproteins
b. microfilaments
c. glycolipids
d. integral proteins
e. nucleic acids
6. How are the carbohydrate moieties of the plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids oriented?
a. outwardly, away from the cytoplasmic matrix
b. inwardly, toward the lumen
c. equally inwardly and outwardly to maintain symmetry
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
d. between the bilayers of the membranes
e. interlinked with each on both sides of the membrane
7. Which of the following describes proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and
embedded in the membrane?
a. peripheral proteins
b. rough endoplasmic reticula
c. integral proteins
d. Golgi apparatus
e. apoproteins
8. Which structure in the cell provides support and controls the movement of cell organelles?
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. mitochondrion
c. cytoskeleton
d. cytosolic matrix
e. nucleus
9. Cytochalasin is a fungal toxin that prevents the polymerization of actin. Which cellular structure is the target?
a. nucleus
b. cytoskeleton
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
e. plasma membrane
10. Which of the following is not normally found in the cytoplasmic matrix of a typical cell?
a. amino acids
b. glucose-6-phosphate
c. carbon dioxide
d. urea
e. lipids
11. Enzymes of which metabolic pathway can be found in the cytoplasmic matrix?
a. beta-oxidation
b. glycolysis
c. ketone production
d. the Kreb’s cycle
e. cholesterol synthesis
12. Which organelle is responsible for the production of most of the metabolic energy (ATP)?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
e. lysosome
13. Which of the following can freely diffuse across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
a. glucose
b. oxygen and carbon dioxide
c. fatty acids
d. NADH
e. protons
14. Where are the majority of the components of the electron transport chain embedded?
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix
e. plasma membrane
15. In which organelle do the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation occur?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. nucleus
c. microsomes
d. mitochondrion
e. endoplasmic reticulum
16. What is the major route for ATP production in the cell?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. hydrolysis
c. peroxidation
d. transformation
e. substrate-level phosphorylation
17. Which organelle is capable of performing both fission and fusion?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. mitochondria
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. nucleus
e. lysosome
18. What do the genes contained in the mitochondrial DNA code for?
a. all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix
b. nonfunctional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
c. proteins vital to the production of ATP
d. antioxidant proteins
e. immune proteins
19. Which cell organelle is responsible for the initiation and regulation of most cellular activity?
a. peroxisome
b. nucleus
c. mitochondrion
d. Golgi body
e. endoplasmic reticulum
20. In addition to the mitochondria, which organelle possesses an inner and outer membrane?
a. lysosome
b. peroxisome
c. Golgi apparatus
d. nucleus
e. endoplasmic reticulum
21. Microtubule organization centers (MTOCs) on the outer nuclear membrane are associated with which cellular
process?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. electron transport
c. mitosis
d. protein synthesis
e. lipid synthesis
22. What information does the DNA in the nucleus contain?
a. the entire genome for that organism
b. the genes coding for proteins needed only by that particular cell
c. chromatin
d. all components of the cytoskeleton
e. components of the electron transport chain
23. What is the DNA in the nucleus found wrapped around?
a. proteins called histones
b. the nucleolus
c. the nuclear envelope
d. ribosomal RNA
e. the inner membrane
24. What is the best description of transcription?
a. the genetic information in a single strand of DNA is copied onto a specific sequence of bases in a messenger
Jack Smith, Timothy Carr (Answers At The End Of Each Chapter)
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of .
a. phospholipids
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. saturated fatty acids
e. enzymes
2. Which of the following is a common function of membrane proteins?
a. receptors
b. detoxifiers
c. purifier
d. neutron transporter
e. storage proteins
3. What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?
a. to produce bile
b. to regulate fluidity and permeability
c. to reduce stability
d. to produce hormones
e. to catalyze chemical reactions
4. Which of the following is not a usual function of the cytoskeleton?
a. locomotion
b. generation of ATP
c. structural support
d. positioning of organelles
e. transfer of DNA and RNA
5. Which cellular component enables signal transmission to various parts of the cell due to interconnections within the
cytosol?
a. glycoproteins
b. microfilaments
c. glycolipids
d. integral proteins
e. nucleic acids
6. How are the carbohydrate moieties of the plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids oriented?
a. outwardly, away from the cytoplasmic matrix
b. inwardly, toward the lumen
c. equally inwardly and outwardly to maintain symmetry
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
d. between the bilayers of the membranes
e. interlinked with each on both sides of the membrane
7. Which of the following describes proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and
embedded in the membrane?
a. peripheral proteins
b. rough endoplasmic reticula
c. integral proteins
d. Golgi apparatus
e. apoproteins
8. Which structure in the cell provides support and controls the movement of cell organelles?
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. mitochondrion
c. cytoskeleton
d. cytosolic matrix
e. nucleus
9. Cytochalasin is a fungal toxin that prevents the polymerization of actin. Which cellular structure is the target?
a. nucleus
b. cytoskeleton
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
e. plasma membrane
10. Which of the following is not normally found in the cytoplasmic matrix of a typical cell?
a. amino acids
b. glucose-6-phosphate
c. carbon dioxide
d. urea
e. lipids
11. Enzymes of which metabolic pathway can be found in the cytoplasmic matrix?
a. beta-oxidation
b. glycolysis
c. ketone production
d. the Kreb’s cycle
e. cholesterol synthesis
12. Which organelle is responsible for the production of most of the metabolic energy (ATP)?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
e. lysosome
13. Which of the following can freely diffuse across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
a. glucose
b. oxygen and carbon dioxide
c. fatty acids
d. NADH
e. protons
14. Where are the majority of the components of the electron transport chain embedded?
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix
e. plasma membrane
15. In which organelle do the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation occur?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. nucleus
c. microsomes
d. mitochondrion
e. endoplasmic reticulum
16. What is the major route for ATP production in the cell?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. hydrolysis
c. peroxidation
d. transformation
e. substrate-level phosphorylation
17. Which organelle is capable of performing both fission and fusion?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. mitochondria
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. nucleus
e. lysosome
18. What do the genes contained in the mitochondrial DNA code for?
a. all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix
b. nonfunctional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
c. proteins vital to the production of ATP
d. antioxidant proteins
e. immune proteins
19. Which cell organelle is responsible for the initiation and regulation of most cellular activity?
a. peroxisome
b. nucleus
c. mitochondrion
d. Golgi body
e. endoplasmic reticulum
20. In addition to the mitochondria, which organelle possesses an inner and outer membrane?
a. lysosome
b. peroxisome
c. Golgi apparatus
d. nucleus
e. endoplasmic reticulum
21. Microtubule organization centers (MTOCs) on the outer nuclear membrane are associated with which cellular
process?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. electron transport
c. mitosis
d. protein synthesis
e. lipid synthesis
22. What information does the DNA in the nucleus contain?
a. the entire genome for that organism
b. the genes coding for proteins needed only by that particular cell
c. chromatin
d. all components of the cytoskeleton
e. components of the electron transport chain
23. What is the DNA in the nucleus found wrapped around?
a. proteins called histones
b. the nucleolus
c. the nuclear envelope
d. ribosomal RNA
e. the inner membrane
24. What is the best description of transcription?
a. the genetic information in a single strand of DNA is copied onto a specific sequence of bases in a messenger
