Practice for the Health Professional 4th Edition
Jennifer E. Lape
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,Chapter 1: Differentiating Research and Evidence-Based Practice (10 Questions)
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following BEST DESCRIBES research?
A. A process involving flexible procedures based on the needs of the participants
B. A process resulting in new knowledge that may be generalized to similar populations
C. A process usually implemented without Institutional Review Board approval
D. A process incorporating small samples of participants to pilot clinical interventions
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.1, 1.7
2. Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?
A. Determining next month’s grocery budget based on last year’s spending patterns
B. Designing a stress management program to improve students’ academic performance
C. Changing the time of a team meeting based on feedback from several members
D. Implementing a new healthcare questionnaire based on past experiences with new patients
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.1
3. What is the FIRST step in conducting a research study?
A. Secure approval to conduct the study
B. Identify a problem to explore
C. Review existing literature on the topic
D. Draft the proposed study procedures
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.2
4. What is a common challenge in research?
A. Difficulty identifying a topic to explore
B. Difficulty applying research to practice
C. Difficulty selecting appropriate research methods
D. Difficulty finding a knowledgeable mentor
ANS: C
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.3
5. Which of the following BEST DESCRIBES evidence-based practice?
A. A linear process for evaluating innovative clinical programs
B. A cyclic process for appraising existing research
C. A process used by researchers to determine the feasibility of a study’s design
D. A systematic, flexible process for applying existing research to practice
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recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
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,ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.4, 1.7
6. Evidence-based practice is comprised of which three components?
A. Client goals, values, and circumstances; available equipment; practitioner preference
B. Best evidence; available equipment; facility policies and procedures
C. Practitioner expertise; facility policies and procedures; client insurance
D. Best evidence; practitioner expertise; client goals, values, and circumstances
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.4
7. What is the FIRST step in conducting an evidence-based practice project?
A. Applying the evidence
B. Identifying a need
C. Searching the evidence
D. Evaluating the project
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.5
8. Which of the following is an organizational barrier to evidence-based practice?
A. Low confidence in reading and understanding research
B. Practitioner preference for familiar interventions
C. Available research is not readily applicable to real-world situations
D. Lack of reimbursement for professional development activities
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.6
9. Which of the following inquiries describes a research study?
A. After receiving a citation due to a high rate of client falls, nursing facility staff create and
implement a multifactorial fall prevention program based on the best available evidence.
B. A therapist investigates the impact of mindfulness on cancer patients’ anxiety by engaging
patients in mindfulness activities before their scheduled treatments and comparing their anxiety
levels before and after the activities.
C. Healthcare practitioners at a pediatric clinic collaborate to implement an exercise and nutrition
program based on the best available evidence to decrease the prevalence of obese children by
19% over 9 months.
D. An occupational therapy student uses high-quality research to develop a teacher education
series to increase teachers’ knowledge and confidence in using social-emotional learning
strategies in the classroom to address youth mental health.
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.7
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retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,10. What is the PRIMARY DIFFERENCE between research and evidence-based practice?
A. Research more commonly occurs in labs, while evidence-based practice is conducted in
clinical settings.
B. Research requires Institutional Review Board approval, and evidence-based practice does not.
C. Research generates new generalizable knowledge while evidence-based practice applies
existing research to a specific situation.
D. Research employs flexible procedures, whereas evidence-based practice requires strict
procedures.
ANS: C
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 1.7
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retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,Chapter 2: Identifying and Refining Your Topic (13 Questions)
Multiple Choice
1. What is the recommended frequency for working on an inquiry to promote success?
A. Once a week
B. Several times a week
C. On the weekends only
D. Every other week
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.1
2. A student considering the topic of cardiac rehabilitation for an inquiry performs a literature
search to gain a broad understanding of relevant research and to refine their ideas. Based on this
search, they narrow their focus to interventions targeting endurance after heart valve replacement
surgery. This is known as what type of literature search?
A. Scoping
B. Comprehensive
C. Rapid
D. Preliminary
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.2
3. Literature searches should rely on credible sources. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY
to be considered a credible source?
A. An article on driving confidence in older adults published in a professional journal
B. A YouTube video of a therapist explaining strategies for fall prevention
C. A blog post written by a nurse on the impact of nursing home culture on residents’ well-being
D. A Wikipedia page on the historical development and application of mindfulness
ANS: A
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.2
4. Which of the following BEST DESCRIBES considerations when identifying your inquiry
topic?
A. Your passion for the topic and the support of a knowledgeable mentor
B. Access to the target population, a knowledgeable mentor, and funding
C. Where you could publish the work and if there is a gap in existing research
D. Your passion, baseline topic knowledge, and access to the target population
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.3
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retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,5. Using the PICO question format, what does each letter represent?
A. Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Objective
B. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome
C. Participants, Innovation, Control, Outcome
D. Persons of focus, Innovation, Control, Observation
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.4
6. In the PICO question, “Is electrical stimulation more effective than ultrasound to decrease
upper extremity joint pain in college athletes?”, which aspect represents the “O”?
A. Electrical stimulation
B. Ultrasound
C. Decreased upper extremity pain
D. College athletes
ANS: C
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.4
7. In the PICO question, “For adults over 65 years of age, does participating in a daily 30-minute
balance program decrease fall risk more than a walking program?”, which aspect represents the
“I”?
A. Adults over 65 years of age
B. A daily 30-minute balance program
C. Decreased fall risk
D. A walking program
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.4
8. Which PIO question will BEST GUIDE a literature search for an inquiry aimed at improving
handwriting in children?
A. Does a multisensory handwriting curriculum improve handwriting legibility in 5- and 6-year-
old children?
B. Does routine handwriting practice improve young children’s handwriting?
C. What are the benefits of incorporating fine motor activities into handwriting practice for
children?
D. Does occupational therapy improve handwriting proficiency in elementary-aged children?
ANS: A
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.5
9. Which of the following BEST DESCRIBES the purpose of a PICO question?
A. To concisely explain what you will do in your inquiry
B. To summarize key findings of relevant studies
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,C. To evaluate the quality of studies related to your topic
D. To identify your topic and guide your literature search
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.5
10. What is ESSENTIAL to include in a problem statement for an inquiry aimed at improving
patient satisfaction?
A. Patient satisfaction rates and influencing factors from credible sources within and beyond the
inquiry site
B. A comprehensive summary of the current literature on patient satisfaction with a reference list
C. Potential strategies that could be implemented to improve patient satisfaction
D. A narrative describing the purpose and significance of addressing patient satisfaction in the
inquiry
ANS: A
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.6
11. Which statement is TRUE about the rationale for an inquiry?
A. It builds on the hypothesis statement.
B. It should be no more than four sentences in length.
C. It should identify gaps in prior inquiries or work.
D. It should include a full literature review.
ANS: C
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.7
12. “Outcomes of this study may contribute to decreased caregiver burnout and suggest effective
strategies to improve caregivers’ confidence in providing care.” Which component of the
rationale is this an example of?
A. Background
B. Significance
C. Purpose
D. Problem statement
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.7
13. Which of the following BEST DESCRIBES the purpose of a needs assessment?
A. To identify supports, challenges, and opportunities in a setting to guide decision-making
B. To determine the quality of prior research on a topic and justify a new inquiry
C. To assess stakeholder involvement and willingness to change within an organization
D. To determine if specific skills are needed to successfully complete an inquiry
ANS: A
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retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
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,TOPIC: Learning Outcome 2.8
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retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, Chapter 3: Completing a Comprehensive Literature Search (15 Questions)
Multiple Choice
1. Why is conducting a comprehensive literature review important before initiating an inquiry?
A. To gain a broad understanding of the topic and refine your ideas
B. To determine if you are passionate about your topic and have sufficient support
C. To evaluate the credibility of online sources on your topic
D. To understand existing literature on your topic for effective design of your inquiry
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 3.1
2. Which terminology BEST DESCRIBES literature from scholarly journals and textbooks?
A. High-quality literature
B. Peer-reviewed literature
C. Grey literature
D. Non–peer-reviewed literature
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 3.2
3. What is the BEST database to search for high-quality systematic reviews in healthcare?
A. ERIC
B. Google Scholar
C. MEDLINE
D. Cochrane Library
ANS: D
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 3.2
4. A source from which of the following would MOST LIKELY require further evaluation to
determine credibility?
A. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy
B. A website that sells wheelchairs
C. The CINAHL database
D. The National Multiple Sclerosis Society
ANS: B
TOPIC: Learning Outcome 3.2
5. What standardized words or phrases are used to index and group articles by topic and similar
words in medical databases?
A. Medical Database Indexing (MeDI)
B. Universal Medical Indexing (UMI)
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recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Use of this content outside your
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