AAOS
Comprehensive
Orthopaedic
Review
Study Questions
Editor
Jay R. Lieberman, MD
Director, New England Musculoskeletal Institute
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut
,
, AAOS Board of Directors 2008-2009
E. Anthony Rankin, MD The material presented in the AAOS Comprehensive
President Orthopaedic Review: Study Questions has been made
Joseph D. Zuckerman, MD available by the American Academy of Orthopaedic
First Vice President Surgeons for educational purposes only. This mate-
John J. Callaghan, MD rial is not intended to present the only, or necessarily
Second Vice President best, methods or procedures for the medical situa-
William L. Healy, MD tions discussed, but rather is intended to represent an
Treasurer approach, view, statement, or opinion of the author(s)
Frederick M. Azar, MD or producer(s), which may be helpful to others who face
Treasurer-Elect (Ex-Officio) similar situations.
Thomas C. Barber, MD Some drugs or medical devices demonstrated in Academy
Richard J. Barry, MD courses or described in Academy print or electronic pub-
James H. Beaty, MD lications have not been cleared by the Food and Drug
Kevin J. Bozic, MD, MBA Administration (FDA) or have been cleared for specific
uses only. The FDA has stated that it is the responsibility
Leesa M. Galatz, MD
of the physician to determine the FDA clearance status
John T. Gill, MD of each drug or device he or she wishes to use in clinical
Christopher D. Harner, MD practice.
M. Bradford Henley, MD, MBA Furthermore, any statements about commercial products
William J. Robb III, MD are solely the opinion(s) of the author(s) and do not rep-
Michael F. Schafer, MD resent an Academy endorsement or evaluation of these
James P. Tasto, MD products. These statements may not be used in advertis-
ing or for any commercial purpose.
G. Zachary Wilhoit, MS, MBA
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
Karen L. Hackett, FACHE, CAE (Ex-Officio)
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
Staff photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior
Mark W. Wieting, Chief Education Officer written permission from the publisher.
Marilyn L. Fox, PhD, Director, Published 2009 by the
Department of Publications American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Laurie Braun, Managing Editor 6300 North River Road
Helen M. Giese, Senior Editor Rosemont, IL 60018
Mary Steermann Bishop, Senior Manager, Copyright 2009
Production and Archives by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Courtney Astle, Assistant Production Manager
ISBN 978-0-89203-597-7
Suzanne O’Reilly, Graphic Designer
Printed in the USA
Anne Raci, Database Coordinator
Abram Fassler, Production Database Associate
Charlie Baldwin, Page Production Assistant
Jordan David, Page Production Assistant
Michelle Bruno, Publications Assistant
Juliet Orellana, Publications Assistant
iv AAOS COMPREHENSIVE ORTHOPAEDIC REVIEW: STUDY QUESTIONS AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
, Acknowledgments
Editorial Board
AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review
Study Questions
Jay R. Lieberman, MD (Editor) Kenneth J. Koval, MD (Trauma)
Director, New England Musculoskeletal Institute Professor of Orthopaedics
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Surgery Lebanon, New Hampshire
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut Kurt P. Spindler, MD (Sports Medicine, Knee)
Kenneth D. Schermerhorn Professor
Martin I. Boyer, MD, MSc, FRCSC (Hand and Wrist) Vice-Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics
Associate Professor Director, Vanderbilt Sports Medicine Center
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nashville, Tennessee
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri Thomas Parker Vail, MD (Total Joint Arthroplasty/
Joint Salvage)
Brian G. Donley, MD (Foot and Ankle) Professor and Chairman
Director, Center for Foot and Ankle Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute University of California, San Francisco
Cleveland Clinic San Francisco, California
Cleveland, Ohio
Jeffrey C. Wang, MD (Spine)
Leesa M. Galatz, MD (Shoulder and Elbow) Chief, Orthopaedic Spine Service
Associate Professor, Shoulder and Elbow Service Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UCLA Spine Center
Washington University UCLA School of Medicine
Barnes-Jewish Hospital Los Angeles, California
St. Louis, Missouri
Kristy Weber, MD (Orthopaedic Oncology and Systemic
Jonathan N. Grauer, MD (Basic Science) Disease)
Associate Professor Associate Professor of Orthopaedics and Oncology
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Department of Orthopaedics
Yale University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University
New Haven, Connecticut Baltimore, Maryland
Robert M. Kay, MD (Pediatrics)
Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Keck School of Medicine
University of Southern California
Children’s Orthopaedic Center
Children’s Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
AAOS COMPREHENSIVE ORTHOPAEDIC REVIEW: STUDY QUESTIONS AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS v
Comprehensive
Orthopaedic
Review
Study Questions
Editor
Jay R. Lieberman, MD
Director, New England Musculoskeletal Institute
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut
,
, AAOS Board of Directors 2008-2009
E. Anthony Rankin, MD The material presented in the AAOS Comprehensive
President Orthopaedic Review: Study Questions has been made
Joseph D. Zuckerman, MD available by the American Academy of Orthopaedic
First Vice President Surgeons for educational purposes only. This mate-
John J. Callaghan, MD rial is not intended to present the only, or necessarily
Second Vice President best, methods or procedures for the medical situa-
William L. Healy, MD tions discussed, but rather is intended to represent an
Treasurer approach, view, statement, or opinion of the author(s)
Frederick M. Azar, MD or producer(s), which may be helpful to others who face
Treasurer-Elect (Ex-Officio) similar situations.
Thomas C. Barber, MD Some drugs or medical devices demonstrated in Academy
Richard J. Barry, MD courses or described in Academy print or electronic pub-
James H. Beaty, MD lications have not been cleared by the Food and Drug
Kevin J. Bozic, MD, MBA Administration (FDA) or have been cleared for specific
uses only. The FDA has stated that it is the responsibility
Leesa M. Galatz, MD
of the physician to determine the FDA clearance status
John T. Gill, MD of each drug or device he or she wishes to use in clinical
Christopher D. Harner, MD practice.
M. Bradford Henley, MD, MBA Furthermore, any statements about commercial products
William J. Robb III, MD are solely the opinion(s) of the author(s) and do not rep-
Michael F. Schafer, MD resent an Academy endorsement or evaluation of these
James P. Tasto, MD products. These statements may not be used in advertis-
ing or for any commercial purpose.
G. Zachary Wilhoit, MS, MBA
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
Karen L. Hackett, FACHE, CAE (Ex-Officio)
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
Staff photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior
Mark W. Wieting, Chief Education Officer written permission from the publisher.
Marilyn L. Fox, PhD, Director, Published 2009 by the
Department of Publications American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Laurie Braun, Managing Editor 6300 North River Road
Helen M. Giese, Senior Editor Rosemont, IL 60018
Mary Steermann Bishop, Senior Manager, Copyright 2009
Production and Archives by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Courtney Astle, Assistant Production Manager
ISBN 978-0-89203-597-7
Suzanne O’Reilly, Graphic Designer
Printed in the USA
Anne Raci, Database Coordinator
Abram Fassler, Production Database Associate
Charlie Baldwin, Page Production Assistant
Jordan David, Page Production Assistant
Michelle Bruno, Publications Assistant
Juliet Orellana, Publications Assistant
iv AAOS COMPREHENSIVE ORTHOPAEDIC REVIEW: STUDY QUESTIONS AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
, Acknowledgments
Editorial Board
AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review
Study Questions
Jay R. Lieberman, MD (Editor) Kenneth J. Koval, MD (Trauma)
Director, New England Musculoskeletal Institute Professor of Orthopaedics
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Surgery Lebanon, New Hampshire
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut Kurt P. Spindler, MD (Sports Medicine, Knee)
Kenneth D. Schermerhorn Professor
Martin I. Boyer, MD, MSc, FRCSC (Hand and Wrist) Vice-Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics
Associate Professor Director, Vanderbilt Sports Medicine Center
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nashville, Tennessee
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri Thomas Parker Vail, MD (Total Joint Arthroplasty/
Joint Salvage)
Brian G. Donley, MD (Foot and Ankle) Professor and Chairman
Director, Center for Foot and Ankle Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Orthopaedic and Rheumatologic Institute University of California, San Francisco
Cleveland Clinic San Francisco, California
Cleveland, Ohio
Jeffrey C. Wang, MD (Spine)
Leesa M. Galatz, MD (Shoulder and Elbow) Chief, Orthopaedic Spine Service
Associate Professor, Shoulder and Elbow Service Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UCLA Spine Center
Washington University UCLA School of Medicine
Barnes-Jewish Hospital Los Angeles, California
St. Louis, Missouri
Kristy Weber, MD (Orthopaedic Oncology and Systemic
Jonathan N. Grauer, MD (Basic Science) Disease)
Associate Professor Associate Professor of Orthopaedics and Oncology
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Department of Orthopaedics
Yale University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University
New Haven, Connecticut Baltimore, Maryland
Robert M. Kay, MD (Pediatrics)
Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Keck School of Medicine
University of Southern California
Children’s Orthopaedic Center
Children’s Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
AAOS COMPREHENSIVE ORTHOPAEDIC REVIEW: STUDY QUESTIONS AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS v
