, TESTBANK for Davis Advantage for
Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and
Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition Theresa Capriot
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many
new editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. Active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
____ 2. Which cellular function generates the same amount of energy in the absence of oxygen as it does in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
____ 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
____ 4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
____ 5. Which option best explains why more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,____ 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During severe hypoxia
4. During the processing of prohormone
____ 7. Which cellular components are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
4. Endoplasmic reticula
____ 8. What are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
4. Myosin and prohormone
____ 9. Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
____ 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
____ 11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,____ 12. Which statement regarding mitochondria is correct?
1. Mitochondrial DNA is identical to nuclear DNA.
2. Mitochondria reproduce in response to an increased need for ATP.
3. Mitochondria are primarily obtained from sperm during human fertilization.
4. Mitochondrial DNA is immune to the effects of free radicals.
____ 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Double helix of DNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
____ 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a high, steep mountain. Which option
is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
____ 15. Which factor accounts for DNA’s unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
____ 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
____ 17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, 3. Fatty acids
4. Phosphates
____ 18. Which factor is essential to protein synthesis?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
____ 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which of the
following is the drug’s mechanism of action?
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
____ 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. The ribosome
2. The Golgi apparatus
3. The secretory granule
4. The endoplasmic reticulum
____ 21. Which structure is referred to as the “mastermind” of the cell?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 22. Which statements are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are dynamic.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are referred to as actin filaments.
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,____ 23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process.
2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus.
4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus.
5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil.
____ 24. Which statements correctly describe codons? Select all that apply.
1. Codons initiate specific protein synthesis.
2. Codons contain links to multiple amino acids.
3. Three nitrogenous bases form codons.
4. Protein synthesis is terminated by codons.
5. Cellular death is triggered by codons.
____ 25. Which purine bases are found in DNA? Select all that apply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions
and more soluble to potassium ions.
2 This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the
cell compartment.
3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside
the cell compartment.
4 This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two
potassium ions are pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. When oxygen is not available, anaerobic metabolism produces
significantly less cellular energy: a net yield of 2 ATP, as well as pyruvic acid.
2 This is correct. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, coenzyme A, which triggers a series of reactions known as the Krebs cycle, also
called the citric acid cycle.
3 This is incorrect. Acetyl-coenzyme is converted from pyruvic acid, not
activated.
4 This is incorrect. In cellular hypoxia, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid,
which is noxious to cells, causing muscle pain and biochemical alterations such
as acidosis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
3. ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1 This is incorrect.2 ATPs and pyruvic acid are produced in anaerobic, not
aerobic, energy metabolism.
2 This is incorrect. Three sodium ions are pumped out during active transport in
the plasma membrane.
3 This is correct. The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides the
maximum amount of energy for cellular function, yielding 34 ATPs.
4 This is incorrect. Aerobic energy metabolism produces 34 ATPs, not 53.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
4. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Ribosomes are small, spherical organelles of the ribosomal
ribonucleic acid whose function is to manufacture various types of protein.
2 This is correct. Cell types’ number of mitochondria differs according to the
cells’ energy needs. For example, muscle cells have abundant mitochondria
because they require a high amount of energy to function, whereas bone cells
have fewer mitochondria.
3 This is incorrect. Ribonucleic acid is a component of ribosomes, not affected by
the cell’s energy needs.
4 This is incorrect. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a genetic material in the cell nucleus
that functions to regulate activity of the cell. Its numbers are not affected by the
cell’s energy needs.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
5. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes. An increase in
the synthesis of proteins does not yield energy and is not directly related to
exercise.
2 This is incorrect. In aerobic energy metabolism created by exercise, anaerobic
metabolism, also referred to as glycolysis, occurs outside the mitochondria. In
anaerobic metabolism, glucose is used to create energy.
3 This is incorrect. Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in cellular hypoxia is
noxious to cells and does not create energy.
4 This is correct. Exercise stimulates mitochondria found in the muscle cells to
create energy. This process is supported by the increased number of
mitochondria found in muscle cells.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and
Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition Theresa Capriot
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many
new editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. Active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
____ 2. Which cellular function generates the same amount of energy in the absence of oxygen as it does in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
____ 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
____ 4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
____ 5. Which option best explains why more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,____ 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During severe hypoxia
4. During the processing of prohormone
____ 7. Which cellular components are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
4. Endoplasmic reticula
____ 8. What are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
4. Myosin and prohormone
____ 9. Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
____ 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
____ 11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,____ 12. Which statement regarding mitochondria is correct?
1. Mitochondrial DNA is identical to nuclear DNA.
2. Mitochondria reproduce in response to an increased need for ATP.
3. Mitochondria are primarily obtained from sperm during human fertilization.
4. Mitochondrial DNA is immune to the effects of free radicals.
____ 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Double helix of DNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
____ 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a high, steep mountain. Which option
is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
____ 15. Which factor accounts for DNA’s unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
____ 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
____ 17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, 3. Fatty acids
4. Phosphates
____ 18. Which factor is essential to protein synthesis?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
____ 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which of the
following is the drug’s mechanism of action?
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
____ 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. The ribosome
2. The Golgi apparatus
3. The secretory granule
4. The endoplasmic reticulum
____ 21. Which structure is referred to as the “mastermind” of the cell?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 22. Which statements are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are dynamic.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are referred to as actin filaments.
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,____ 23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process.
2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus.
4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus.
5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil.
____ 24. Which statements correctly describe codons? Select all that apply.
1. Codons initiate specific protein synthesis.
2. Codons contain links to multiple amino acids.
3. Three nitrogenous bases form codons.
4. Protein synthesis is terminated by codons.
5. Cellular death is triggered by codons.
____ 25. Which purine bases are found in DNA? Select all that apply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions
and more soluble to potassium ions.
2 This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the
cell compartment.
3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside
the cell compartment.
4 This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two
potassium ions are pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. When oxygen is not available, anaerobic metabolism produces
significantly less cellular energy: a net yield of 2 ATP, as well as pyruvic acid.
2 This is correct. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, coenzyme A, which triggers a series of reactions known as the Krebs cycle, also
called the citric acid cycle.
3 This is incorrect. Acetyl-coenzyme is converted from pyruvic acid, not
activated.
4 This is incorrect. In cellular hypoxia, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid,
which is noxious to cells, causing muscle pain and biochemical alterations such
as acidosis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
3. ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1 This is incorrect.2 ATPs and pyruvic acid are produced in anaerobic, not
aerobic, energy metabolism.
2 This is incorrect. Three sodium ions are pumped out during active transport in
the plasma membrane.
3 This is correct. The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides the
maximum amount of energy for cellular function, yielding 34 ATPs.
4 This is incorrect. Aerobic energy metabolism produces 34 ATPs, not 53.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
4. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
, Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Ribosomes are small, spherical organelles of the ribosomal
ribonucleic acid whose function is to manufacture various types of protein.
2 This is correct. Cell types’ number of mitochondria differs according to the
cells’ energy needs. For example, muscle cells have abundant mitochondria
because they require a high amount of energy to function, whereas bone cells
have fewer mitochondria.
3 This is incorrect. Ribonucleic acid is a component of ribosomes, not affected by
the cell’s energy needs.
4 This is incorrect. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a genetic material in the cell nucleus
that functions to regulate activity of the cell. Its numbers are not affected by the
cell’s energy needs.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
5. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes. An increase in
the synthesis of proteins does not yield energy and is not directly related to
exercise.
2 This is incorrect. In aerobic energy metabolism created by exercise, anaerobic
metabolism, also referred to as glycolysis, occurs outside the mitochondria. In
anaerobic metabolism, glucose is used to create energy.
3 This is incorrect. Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in cellular hypoxia is
noxious to cells and does not create energy.
4 This is correct. Exercise stimulates mitochondria found in the muscle cells to
create energy. This process is supported by the increased number of
mitochondria found in muscle cells.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Copyright © 2024 by F.A. Davis Company
All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission
from the publisher. Use of this content outside your academic institution is expressly prohibited and enforceable by law.
