OB/PEDS EXAM WITH WELL DETAILED QUESTION &
ANSWERS PERFECTLY A+ GRADED WITH RATIONALE
NEW UPDATE
Differences in Bone Between Children and Adults CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Bones in
children are more flexible
-A bone can bend 45 degrees and straighten out before breaking
More porous
Lower mineral count
Periosteum is thick and strong producing callus more rapidly and in greater amounts than
adults.
Describe Bone Development: Fetus to Adolescent CORRECT ANSWER>>>>*Fetus: First
2 Months*
-cartilage model forms
,*Fetus: 2-3 Months*
-compact bone develops starting at primary ossification site
-blood vessels
*Childhood*
-spongy bone develops at secondary ossification sites
-cavity forms
*Adolescent*
-cartilage growth plate
-compact bone containing osteocytes
-the growth plates promote longitudinal growth until young adulthood
Describe Bones in Young Children CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Active growth area in the
long bones
Have epiphyseal/growth plates
-Humerus, radius-ulna, femur, and tibia-fibula
Longitudinal growth of the long bones is known as the endochondral ossification
The epiphyses at the end of each bone start as cartilage in infants and become more ossified as
the child gets older (complete during adolescence)
,Disruption of growth: nutrition, hormones, radiation, trauma, metabolic and soft tissue
disorders
Growth plate is vulnerable because weak and ligament attachment; can be damaged with
trauma
Can cause uneven growth if one side damaged and not the other
When a bone is broken the thick periosteum (which is a large blood and nutrient supply) and
the child's growth potential, causes the bone to heal more rapid
Muscles only account for 25% of an infants weight whereas its 40%-45% in adults
Muscle growth: androgen and testosterone level
Describe Osteomyelitis CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Infection of the bone and tissue
around the bone; resulting inflammation of bone
2 per 10,000 children/yr
50% occur in preschool aged (puncture wounds, scraps, etc)
Most often in long bones of lower limbs
, Most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus
Describe Osteomyelitis:
Pathophysiology CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Can gain access through various routes (open
fractures, punctures of the skin, infected wounds, cavities, ear infections)
Results in inflammatory destruction of bone, bone necrosis, and new bone formation
*S/S*: fever, pain, edema, erythema, warmth
*S/S non-verbal*: crying, irritability, tired, decreased ROM
*Lab Tests*: MRI, WBC (check elevation), CRP, Blood Cultures
*Intervention*: Antibiotics (IV/PICC-extended weeks), Check IV Lines Regularly
2 common areas:
-proximal tibia
-distal femur
Describe Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Also known as: brittle
bone disease
ANSWERS PERFECTLY A+ GRADED WITH RATIONALE
NEW UPDATE
Differences in Bone Between Children and Adults CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Bones in
children are more flexible
-A bone can bend 45 degrees and straighten out before breaking
More porous
Lower mineral count
Periosteum is thick and strong producing callus more rapidly and in greater amounts than
adults.
Describe Bone Development: Fetus to Adolescent CORRECT ANSWER>>>>*Fetus: First
2 Months*
-cartilage model forms
,*Fetus: 2-3 Months*
-compact bone develops starting at primary ossification site
-blood vessels
*Childhood*
-spongy bone develops at secondary ossification sites
-cavity forms
*Adolescent*
-cartilage growth plate
-compact bone containing osteocytes
-the growth plates promote longitudinal growth until young adulthood
Describe Bones in Young Children CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Active growth area in the
long bones
Have epiphyseal/growth plates
-Humerus, radius-ulna, femur, and tibia-fibula
Longitudinal growth of the long bones is known as the endochondral ossification
The epiphyses at the end of each bone start as cartilage in infants and become more ossified as
the child gets older (complete during adolescence)
,Disruption of growth: nutrition, hormones, radiation, trauma, metabolic and soft tissue
disorders
Growth plate is vulnerable because weak and ligament attachment; can be damaged with
trauma
Can cause uneven growth if one side damaged and not the other
When a bone is broken the thick periosteum (which is a large blood and nutrient supply) and
the child's growth potential, causes the bone to heal more rapid
Muscles only account for 25% of an infants weight whereas its 40%-45% in adults
Muscle growth: androgen and testosterone level
Describe Osteomyelitis CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Infection of the bone and tissue
around the bone; resulting inflammation of bone
2 per 10,000 children/yr
50% occur in preschool aged (puncture wounds, scraps, etc)
Most often in long bones of lower limbs
, Most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus
Describe Osteomyelitis:
Pathophysiology CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Can gain access through various routes (open
fractures, punctures of the skin, infected wounds, cavities, ear infections)
Results in inflammatory destruction of bone, bone necrosis, and new bone formation
*S/S*: fever, pain, edema, erythema, warmth
*S/S non-verbal*: crying, irritability, tired, decreased ROM
*Lab Tests*: MRI, WBC (check elevation), CRP, Blood Cultures
*Intervention*: Antibiotics (IV/PICC-extended weeks), Check IV Lines Regularly
2 common areas:
-proximal tibia
-distal femur
Describe Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Also known as: brittle
bone disease
