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What are the main functions of the respiratory system? -
ANSWER-supply the
body with oxygen and rid the body of carbon dioxide, filter air,
creates speech,
and creates sense of
smell
Where does the exchange of gases in the lungs occur? -
ANSWER-tiny aveoli
What happens before air reaches the lungs? - ANSWER-
air is warmed,
moistened, and
filtered
How does the respiratory system create speech? - ANSWER-as
air passes through the throat, it moves through the larynx
(voice box), which vibrates and produces sound, before it
enters the trachea (windpipe)
,How does the respiratory system create a sense of
smell? - ANSWER-
chemoreceptors that are located in the nasal cavity
respond to airborne
chemicals
How does the breathing process occur (inhaling)? - ANSWER-
during inspiration or inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and
moves down, increasing the size of the chest cavity; the
intercostal muscles contract and the ribs expand, increasing
the size of the chest cavity; as the volume of the chest cavity
increases, the pressure inside the chest cavity decreases;
because the outside air is under a greater amount of pressure
than the air inside the lungs, air rushes into the lungs
How does the breathing process occur (dehaling)? - ANSWER-
when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, the size of
the chest cavity decreases, forcing air out of the lungs
(expiration or exhilation)
What controls the breathing process? - ANSWER-medulla
oblongata
,How does the medulla oblongata control the breathing
process? – ANSWER-monitors the level of carbon dioxide in
the blood and signals the breathing rate to increase when these
levels are too high
What is the circulatory system responsible for? - ANSWER-the
internal transport
of substances to and from
the cells
What are the three parts of the circulatory system? -
ANSWER-blood, blood
vessels,
heart
What is blood composed of? - ANSWER-water, solutes, red
and white blood
cells, platelets, and
plasma
What are blood vessels? - ANSWER-tubules of different sizes
that transport
Blood
, What is the heart? - ANSWER-a muscular pump providing
the pressure
necessary to keep blood
flowing
True of False: circulatory systems can be open or closed -
ANSWER-true
What does the lymph vascular system do? - ANSWER-cleans
up excess fluids
and proteins and returns them to the
circulatory system
What are the three levels of blood vessels? - ANSWER-tunica
intima, tunica
media, and outer tunica
adventitia
What is the structure of the elastic arteries? - ANSWER-
includes the aorta and
major branches Tunica media has more elastin than any other
vessels, largest
vessels in the arterial
system