History of Mexico - Final Exam
Questions and Answers
February 1519 - answer-When did Hernan Cortes set sail for his expedition to the
Yucatan?
Jeronimo de Aguilar - answer-Who was the Spanish priest, shipwreck survivor who
spoke Maya and had great knowledge of local customs that Cortes made contact
with on arriving in New World?
La Malinche, Malinali or Dona Marina - answer-Who was the young Maya princess
presented to Cortes along with 19 other concubines after his first battle at Cintla who
became his interpreter, advisor and mistress?
Nahuatl and Maya - answer-What languages did La Malinche speak?
greetings, and that the Spaniards had a disease of the heart that could only be cured
by gold - answer-What was the first message Cortes sent to Moctezuma?
Moctezuma too ill to travel, trip too dangerous for COrtes to make - answer-What
reason did Moctezuma initially give Cortes for declining to meet with him?
Catalina Suarez, "La Marcaida" - answer-Who was the Spanish noblewoman that
Cortes married in Cuba?
Martin Cortes I, "El Criollo" - answer-What was the name and nickname of the son
Cortes had with Catalina Suarez, "La Marcaida"?
native alliances, spread of European diseases, Spanish (European) technology,
breakup of Aztec Empire - answer-What were the 4 major factors for the conquest of
Aztec Mexico by Spanish?
April 22, 1519 (Good Friday) - answer-When did the Cortes expedition first arrive in
Veracruz?
Maya Kingdom of Cempoala - answer-Who was Cortes' first major native alliance?
1. Tlaxcala Campaign - get Tlaxcala to join fight against Aztecs
2. Cholula Campaign - avoid Cholula, huge army there - answer-What were the 2
major recommendations Cortes got from Kingdom of Cempoala?
Tlaxcala - answer-What was Cortes' second major native alliance?
Battle of Tehuacingo, Sept. 3-19, 1519 - answer-What was the battle where Cortes
negotiated an alliance with Tlaxcala?
no - answer-Did Cortes avoid Cholula as advised?
, Cortes and Spaniards surprise attack Cholula, destroy the city, slaughter 6,000
people, occupy city, destroy native religious idols and replace w/ Catholic - answer-
What happened at Cholulan Massacre in Oct. 1519?
no - answer-Did Cortes encounter a large army at Cholula as advised?
November 8, 1519 - answer-When did Cortes and Moctezuma meet for first time?
a silk upholstered chair - answer-What gift did Cortes present to Moctezuma upon
meeting him?
seized him as hostage, accused him of plotting to massacre Spanish in the city, told
him he could continue to rule, and to counsel calm and patience to the people -
answer-After being invited into the city, spending several days wandering around
Tenochtitlan seeing sights, what did Cortes do to Moctezuma?
Panfilo Narvaez w/ 1200 men - answer-Who did Governor Velazquez send from
Cuba to pursue and arrest Cortes?
Left some of his soldiers in Tenochtitlan, marched to Cempoala, attacked suddenly
at midnight during a heavy rainstorm. Narvaez took a pike in the eye and
surrendered. - answer-What did Cortes do when he learned of the Narvaez
expedition arriving at Cempoala?
Massacre at Fiesta de Toxcatl, most important Aztec fiesta, Spaniards blocked exits
to the square, killed hundreds of Aztec nobles and best warriors - answer-What was
the massacre that happened in Tenochtitlan while Cortes was defeating Narvaez in
Cempoala?
"La Noche Triste" "The Night of Sorrow" June 30-July 1, 1520, 450 of Cortes' men
killed (1/2 his army) - answer-What is Cortes' escape from Tenochtitlan called, when
is it, and what happens?
May 10, 1521 - answer-When did Cortes launch his final siege on Tenochtitlan?
fleet of 13 vessels to fight on water causeways - answer-What was the key to Cortes'
fianl siege on Tenochtitlan?
August 13, 1521 - answer-What day did Tenochtitlan fall to Cortes?
Antonio De Mendoza - answer-Who was the first Viceroy in New Spain?
Charles V - answer-Who created The Council of the Indies in 1524?
1527 - answer-When was The Council of the Indies created?
1st Spanish governing system
cabildos - local gov'ts - answer-What was The Council of the Indies?
Questions and Answers
February 1519 - answer-When did Hernan Cortes set sail for his expedition to the
Yucatan?
Jeronimo de Aguilar - answer-Who was the Spanish priest, shipwreck survivor who
spoke Maya and had great knowledge of local customs that Cortes made contact
with on arriving in New World?
La Malinche, Malinali or Dona Marina - answer-Who was the young Maya princess
presented to Cortes along with 19 other concubines after his first battle at Cintla who
became his interpreter, advisor and mistress?
Nahuatl and Maya - answer-What languages did La Malinche speak?
greetings, and that the Spaniards had a disease of the heart that could only be cured
by gold - answer-What was the first message Cortes sent to Moctezuma?
Moctezuma too ill to travel, trip too dangerous for COrtes to make - answer-What
reason did Moctezuma initially give Cortes for declining to meet with him?
Catalina Suarez, "La Marcaida" - answer-Who was the Spanish noblewoman that
Cortes married in Cuba?
Martin Cortes I, "El Criollo" - answer-What was the name and nickname of the son
Cortes had with Catalina Suarez, "La Marcaida"?
native alliances, spread of European diseases, Spanish (European) technology,
breakup of Aztec Empire - answer-What were the 4 major factors for the conquest of
Aztec Mexico by Spanish?
April 22, 1519 (Good Friday) - answer-When did the Cortes expedition first arrive in
Veracruz?
Maya Kingdom of Cempoala - answer-Who was Cortes' first major native alliance?
1. Tlaxcala Campaign - get Tlaxcala to join fight against Aztecs
2. Cholula Campaign - avoid Cholula, huge army there - answer-What were the 2
major recommendations Cortes got from Kingdom of Cempoala?
Tlaxcala - answer-What was Cortes' second major native alliance?
Battle of Tehuacingo, Sept. 3-19, 1519 - answer-What was the battle where Cortes
negotiated an alliance with Tlaxcala?
no - answer-Did Cortes avoid Cholula as advised?
, Cortes and Spaniards surprise attack Cholula, destroy the city, slaughter 6,000
people, occupy city, destroy native religious idols and replace w/ Catholic - answer-
What happened at Cholulan Massacre in Oct. 1519?
no - answer-Did Cortes encounter a large army at Cholula as advised?
November 8, 1519 - answer-When did Cortes and Moctezuma meet for first time?
a silk upholstered chair - answer-What gift did Cortes present to Moctezuma upon
meeting him?
seized him as hostage, accused him of plotting to massacre Spanish in the city, told
him he could continue to rule, and to counsel calm and patience to the people -
answer-After being invited into the city, spending several days wandering around
Tenochtitlan seeing sights, what did Cortes do to Moctezuma?
Panfilo Narvaez w/ 1200 men - answer-Who did Governor Velazquez send from
Cuba to pursue and arrest Cortes?
Left some of his soldiers in Tenochtitlan, marched to Cempoala, attacked suddenly
at midnight during a heavy rainstorm. Narvaez took a pike in the eye and
surrendered. - answer-What did Cortes do when he learned of the Narvaez
expedition arriving at Cempoala?
Massacre at Fiesta de Toxcatl, most important Aztec fiesta, Spaniards blocked exits
to the square, killed hundreds of Aztec nobles and best warriors - answer-What was
the massacre that happened in Tenochtitlan while Cortes was defeating Narvaez in
Cempoala?
"La Noche Triste" "The Night of Sorrow" June 30-July 1, 1520, 450 of Cortes' men
killed (1/2 his army) - answer-What is Cortes' escape from Tenochtitlan called, when
is it, and what happens?
May 10, 1521 - answer-When did Cortes launch his final siege on Tenochtitlan?
fleet of 13 vessels to fight on water causeways - answer-What was the key to Cortes'
fianl siege on Tenochtitlan?
August 13, 1521 - answer-What day did Tenochtitlan fall to Cortes?
Antonio De Mendoza - answer-Who was the first Viceroy in New Spain?
Charles V - answer-Who created The Council of the Indies in 1524?
1527 - answer-When was The Council of the Indies created?
1st Spanish governing system
cabildos - local gov'ts - answer-What was The Council of the Indies?
