Lab Dx Exam 1ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
what are some of the basic advantages of blood testing? - Correct answers✔1. fairly accessible
collection tools
2. blood circulates throughout the body, supply fuel, wastes, and messengers 3.
blood is closely regulated in homeostasis
what are some of the basic disadvantages of blood testing? - Correct answers✔1. common, but
still requires the necessary equipment and time
2. invasive; many patients averse to needles
what are the two main types of blood draws? - Correct answers✔capillary blood sampling and
venipuncture
when is a capillary blood sampling used? - Correct answers✔- procedure choice for pediatrics,
burns, obese, and elderly patients
- indicated for Point of Care patients
- applicable for patients self-testing at home
- less invasive for the patient
when is venipuncture indicated? - Correct answers✔- routine laboratory tests -
Point of Care patients
what is a centrifuge? - Correct answers✔a device using centripetal/centrifugal force to separate
components by size/density.
, what are the common portions being separated during the centrifuge process? - Correct
answers✔- plasma
- WBCs (Buffy Coat)
- red blood cells
what two components make up the plasma before being centrifuged? - Correct answers✔plasma
= serum + clotting factors
how are normal ranges (reference ranges) determined? - Correct answers✔Gaussian distribution:
2 standard deviations above and below the mean if there is a bell-curve 95% of "healthy" people
fall within this range
what is meant by Gaussian distribution? - Correct answers✔a probability distribution that is
symmetric about the mean (bell-curve)
what happens when we change the cut off for reference ranges? - Correct answers✔sensitivity
and specificity changes - more or less false positives or false negatives
what are the main reasons a lab test might be ordered? - Correct answers✔- diagnostic testing
(rule in/out various diseases processes)
- screening testing (ideally early identification of asymptomatic diseases)
- disease monitoring (condition diagnosed, but markers used to monitor improvement,
maintenance, etc.)
how do you "rule out" a condition? - Correct answers✔you must use a test with >99% sensitivity
(SNOUT)
CORRECT ANSWERS
what are some of the basic advantages of blood testing? - Correct answers✔1. fairly accessible
collection tools
2. blood circulates throughout the body, supply fuel, wastes, and messengers 3.
blood is closely regulated in homeostasis
what are some of the basic disadvantages of blood testing? - Correct answers✔1. common, but
still requires the necessary equipment and time
2. invasive; many patients averse to needles
what are the two main types of blood draws? - Correct answers✔capillary blood sampling and
venipuncture
when is a capillary blood sampling used? - Correct answers✔- procedure choice for pediatrics,
burns, obese, and elderly patients
- indicated for Point of Care patients
- applicable for patients self-testing at home
- less invasive for the patient
when is venipuncture indicated? - Correct answers✔- routine laboratory tests -
Point of Care patients
what is a centrifuge? - Correct answers✔a device using centripetal/centrifugal force to separate
components by size/density.
, what are the common portions being separated during the centrifuge process? - Correct
answers✔- plasma
- WBCs (Buffy Coat)
- red blood cells
what two components make up the plasma before being centrifuged? - Correct answers✔plasma
= serum + clotting factors
how are normal ranges (reference ranges) determined? - Correct answers✔Gaussian distribution:
2 standard deviations above and below the mean if there is a bell-curve 95% of "healthy" people
fall within this range
what is meant by Gaussian distribution? - Correct answers✔a probability distribution that is
symmetric about the mean (bell-curve)
what happens when we change the cut off for reference ranges? - Correct answers✔sensitivity
and specificity changes - more or less false positives or false negatives
what are the main reasons a lab test might be ordered? - Correct answers✔- diagnostic testing
(rule in/out various diseases processes)
- screening testing (ideally early identification of asymptomatic diseases)
- disease monitoring (condition diagnosed, but markers used to monitor improvement,
maintenance, etc.)
how do you "rule out" a condition? - Correct answers✔you must use a test with >99% sensitivity
(SNOUT)
