11th Grade US History Final Exam Study Exam Questions And Answers

Manifest Destiny - ANS This expression was popular in the 1840's. Many people believed that the U.S. was destined to secure territory from "sea to sea," from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory. Imperialism - ANS A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically. Thomas Edison - ANS This scientist received more than 1,300 patents for a range of items including the automatic telegraph machine, the phonograph, improvements to the light bulb, a modernized telephone and motion picture equipment. Sitting Bull - ANS American Indian medicine man, chief, and political leader of his tribe at the time of the Custer massacre during the Sioux War at the Battle of Little Big Horn. Sherman Anti-Trust Act - ANS First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions Teddy Roosevelt - ANS The 26th President of the United States, famous for his "Big Stick Diplomacy," the construction of the Panama Canal, and several efforts to help the working man through unions and stopping trusts. Square Deal - ANS Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers Great Society - ANS President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education. Woodrow Wilson - ANS 28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize Julius & Ethel Rosenberg - ANS Arrested in the Summer of 1950 and executed in 1953, they were convicted of conspiring to commit espionage by passing plans for the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. FDIC - ANS Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A federal guarantee of savings bank deposits initially of up to $2500, raised to $5000 in 1934, and frequently thereafter; continues today with a limit of $100,000. Benito Mussolini - ANS Fascist dictator of Italy (). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. Adolph Hitler - ANS german leader of Nazi Party. . rose to power by promoting racist and national views rationing - ANS a limited portion or allowance of food or goods; limitation of use Normandy - ANS Beach in France Allies Invaded. It was code named Operation Overlord. It was the long awaited Allied invasion of France and the opening of the Second Front during World War II. The initial invasion began on June 6, 1944. Marshall Plan - ANS A plan that the US came up with to revive war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe. Taft-Hartley Act - ANS a 1947 law giving the president power to halt major strikes by seeking a court injunction and permitting states to forbid requirements in labor contracts that force workers to join a union. Brown v. Board of Education - ANS 1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution - ANS 1964 Congressional resolution that authorized President Johnson to commit US troops to south vietnam and fight a war against north Vietnam Medicare/Medicaid - ANS Great Society programs to have the government provide medical aid to the elderly (Medicare) and the poor (Medicaid). Roe v Wade - ANS The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester. Middle East Peace Talks - ANS After the first Gulf War, in 1991, a new peace process was begun, with Israel and the Palestinians discussing a five-year period of interim self-rule leading to a final settlement Jimmy Carter - ANS President who stressed human rights. Because of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow Progressivism - ANS The movement in the late 1800's to increase democracy in America by curbing the power of the corporation. It fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during the industrial revolution. FDR - ANS Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the President of the United States during the Depression and WWII. He instituted the New Deal. Served from 1933 to 1945, he was the only president in U.S. history to be elected to four terms JFK - ANS John Fitzgerald Kennedy , Democrat, both parties had the platform of civil rights planks and a national health program, used president to be elected and first Roman Catholic partnership - ANS a business organization owned by two or more persons who agree on a specific division of responsibilities and profits Glastnost - ANS the Soviet Union's plan to allow more political freedom in the 1980's--Gorbechev was the leader "Openness" Gerald Ford - ANS president 1974-77, Nixon's Vice president, only person not voted into the White House, appointed vice president by Nixon: became president after Nixon resigned Miranda v Arizona - ANS Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police. Domino Theory - ANS the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control Tet Offensive - ANS 1968, during Tet, the Vietnam lunar new year - Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army raiding forces attacked provincial capitals throughout Vietnam, even seizing the U.S. embassy for a time. U.S. opinion began turning against the war.