NSG 552 Exam 3 Questions And Answers

What is the mechanism of action of Naloxone? - ANS Pure opioid antagonist that competes and displaces opioids receptor sites. What medications treat opioid disorder? - ANS Methadone; Buprenorphine, buprenorphine + Naloxone What medication for opioid use disorder is used with comorbid pain? - ANS Buprenorphine + Naloxone Inappropriate use of what substance may be due to uncontrolled pain? - ANS Opioids What are the Naltrexone delivery methods? - ANS Tablet; Injectable; Implant What is one form of Naltrexone delivery method limited to inpatient use? - ANS Implant What is the mechanism of action buprenorphine? - ANS Mu receptor partial agonist for opioid withdrawal What medication taken too soon after last opioid use increases the chances of intense withdrawal that comes on very quickly (precipitated withdrawal)? - ANS Buprenorphine What are symptoms of opioid intoxication? - ANS Nausea and vomiting; Respiratory depression; Constipation; Itching; Mioisis (small pupil); Euphoria; and Sedation What withdrawal symptoms of opioids? - ANS Nausea and vomiting; Diarrhea; Dehydration; Irritability; Restlessness; Yawning; Twitching; Increased heart rate and blood pressure; Chills; Increased temperature; Rhinorrhea; Lacrimation; Dilated pupils What medication is given for opioid intoxication during cardiac or respiratory depression is a concern? - ANS Naloxone What are symptoms of cocaine intoxication? - ANS Dilated pupils; Headache; Tremor; Hyper-reflexia; Twitching; MI; Nausea and vomiting; Incontinence/ARF; Rhabdomyolysis What is the treatment for cocaine intoxication? - ANS Benzodiazepines; Antipsychotics; Management of medical problems that include hypertension, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperthermia, and seizures What would not be the treatment for chest pain and MI from cocaine? - ANS Beta blockers are to be avoided due to unopposed a-adrenergic stimulation. What are the symptoms for alcohol intoxication? - ANS Blood levels; Decreased reaction time; Muscle incoordination; Ataxia; Dysarthria; Respiratory failure; Coma What are the treatments for severe alcohol intoxication? - ANS Cardiopulmonary function maintenance; Thiamine; Haloperidol PRN for agitation What medication is given to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy? - ANS Thiamine given intramuscular or intravenously along with intravenous fluids and a banana bag What class of drugs are to be avoided for acute alcohol intoxication? - ANS Benzodiazepines What is the treatment for uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal? - ANS Benzodiazepines for symptom triggered or flexed dose. What kind of half-life do diazepam and chlordiazepoxide have? - ANS Longer half-life What medications can you give for patients with hepatic dysfunction? - ANS Oxazepam and lorazepam What benzodiazepines with a long half-life are used to treat AUD? - ANS Diazepam and chlordiazepoxide What benzodiazepines with a moderate half-life are used in AUD patients with liver disease? - ANS Oxazepam and lorazepam What are the treatments for alcohol withdrawal symptoms? - ANS Diazepam intravenous; Lorazepam intravenous or intramuscular; Thiamine intravenous or intramuscular; Addressing electrolyte imbalances What are the treatments for DT? - ANS Acute care management; Parenteral diazepam or lorazepam; Thiamine; Antipsychotics if necessary What is the mechanism of action of disulfiram? - ANS Via negative reinforcement, where drinking is avoided due to unpleasant effects. What is the mechanism of action of Acamprosate? - ANS NMDA receptor antagonist How is Acamprosate cleared? - ANS Renally