NR 601 Final Exam Review 2025-2026 Questions And
Answers | 100% Pass | Grades A+| Guaranteed
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Most common type of UI in men and women? ANS Men is urgency and women is stress
What is urge UI? ANS Feeling of needing to go right away. Rush to the bathroom.
What is stress UI? ANS Sneezing, coughing, laughing, pressure.
What is mixed incontinence? ANS Both stress and urgency
Risk factors for UI? ANS Female, obesity, dm, depression, stroke, fecal incontinence, hysterectomy.
What is the first line therapy for most older patients with UI? ANS Behavioral therapy
What does behavioral therapy include for UI? ANS Weightloss, stop caffeinated beverages and alcohol,
minimize fluid intake at night, stop smoking,loop diuretics should be taken in afternoon. Bladder trainings,
kegal exercises, and prompted voiding.
Which med can be used for OAB? S/e? ANS Myrbetriq; can cause high BP.
What medications can be used for urge incontinence and OAB? What are their class? ANS Detrol
(tolterodine), ditropan (oxybutinin)
These are anticholinergics/antimuscarinics
Antimuscarinics and anticholinergics should be avoided in which patients?according to BEERS criteria ANS
Patients with dementia or cognitive impairment
What is the gold standard treatment for women with stress incontinence? ANS Surgery
,What is the only evidenced based lifetsyle intervention for for moderately obese younger older women with
UI? ANS Weight loss
Treatment of UI in older persons should be be proceeded how? ANS Step wise process. Stating with
addressing first comorbidities and medications, then lifestyle interventions, behavioral treatment,
pharmacological treatment, minimally invasive procedures or surgeries.
Management of UI should focus on what? ANS The most bothersome factors
All patients with UI should be screened for?ex? ANS Functional status and depression.
Functional impairment can be assessed by timed up and go and minicog test
Urinary frequency may reflect what ? ANS High fluid intake, and or use of caffeinated drinks or alcohol.
Acute onset of UI or the presence of Suprapubic, lower abdominal, or pelvic pain are what kind of symptoms?
What should be done? ANS Red flag symptoms. For underlying neurologic or neoplastic disease. Requires
immediate referral to neuro, uro, gyno.
What is the key difference between UI in younger and older persons? ANS UI may be precipitated or
worsened by outside factors of urinary tract, including meds, mobility, environment, mentation, manual
dexterity.
What is an assessment tool for UI bother and quality of life? And can be used to assess for the effect of
treatment? ANS Urogenital distress index 6, min dif in score is 5/11
What kind of therapy is most efficacious for UI? ANS Both behavioral and drug therapy. Than either alone
Morbidity with UI are? ANS Skin breakdown, falls. Fractures
Symptoms of UTI? ANS Dysuria, frequency, urgency, hematuria
UTI is the most common infection seen in who? ANS Older adults in nursing homes, or hospitals.
, Asymptomatic bacteriuria increases with? ANS Age and debility
For older adults, treatment should not be initiated only based on symptoms... why? ANS Common
symptoms can mimic other diseases
Post menopausal women may also complain of? ANS Low back pain, nocturia, incontinence, and
constipation.
Why is bacteruria and UTI so common in older adults? ANS There are conditions or diseases that lead to
alterations in normal flora, urinary stasis and obstruction as we age.
Shifts in perineal flora and ph bc if estrogen deficiency occurs.
Urinary stasis and obstruction can occur due to normal aging, which can lead to increased UTI.
Urethra orifice can also be contaminated.
What is the UA results for UTI? ANS Positive for nitrates and leukocytes + symptoms present
What are common signs and Symptoms of UTI in LTC? ANS Change in mental Status and characteristics
of urine
What is not a useful indicator for UTI? ANS Presence of pyuria >10 WBC
What other diseases can show presence of pyuria ( >10)? ANS Nephrolithiasis, IBD, diverticulitis, intro
abdominal abscess
Treatment of dirty urine in the older adult population with asymptomatic bacteria is? ANS Not beneficial
What is uncomplicated UTI? ANS A healthy person w/o a catheter and no Symptoms of polynephritis.it is
directed to E. coli
Treatment for uncomplicated UTI? ANS Bactrim ds BID x 3 days (avoid if prior UTI in last 3 months or
resistance to sulfas)
Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID x 5 days
Answers | 100% Pass | Grades A+| Guaranteed
Success
Most common type of UI in men and women? ANS Men is urgency and women is stress
What is urge UI? ANS Feeling of needing to go right away. Rush to the bathroom.
What is stress UI? ANS Sneezing, coughing, laughing, pressure.
What is mixed incontinence? ANS Both stress and urgency
Risk factors for UI? ANS Female, obesity, dm, depression, stroke, fecal incontinence, hysterectomy.
What is the first line therapy for most older patients with UI? ANS Behavioral therapy
What does behavioral therapy include for UI? ANS Weightloss, stop caffeinated beverages and alcohol,
minimize fluid intake at night, stop smoking,loop diuretics should be taken in afternoon. Bladder trainings,
kegal exercises, and prompted voiding.
Which med can be used for OAB? S/e? ANS Myrbetriq; can cause high BP.
What medications can be used for urge incontinence and OAB? What are their class? ANS Detrol
(tolterodine), ditropan (oxybutinin)
These are anticholinergics/antimuscarinics
Antimuscarinics and anticholinergics should be avoided in which patients?according to BEERS criteria ANS
Patients with dementia or cognitive impairment
What is the gold standard treatment for women with stress incontinence? ANS Surgery
,What is the only evidenced based lifetsyle intervention for for moderately obese younger older women with
UI? ANS Weight loss
Treatment of UI in older persons should be be proceeded how? ANS Step wise process. Stating with
addressing first comorbidities and medications, then lifestyle interventions, behavioral treatment,
pharmacological treatment, minimally invasive procedures or surgeries.
Management of UI should focus on what? ANS The most bothersome factors
All patients with UI should be screened for?ex? ANS Functional status and depression.
Functional impairment can be assessed by timed up and go and minicog test
Urinary frequency may reflect what ? ANS High fluid intake, and or use of caffeinated drinks or alcohol.
Acute onset of UI or the presence of Suprapubic, lower abdominal, or pelvic pain are what kind of symptoms?
What should be done? ANS Red flag symptoms. For underlying neurologic or neoplastic disease. Requires
immediate referral to neuro, uro, gyno.
What is the key difference between UI in younger and older persons? ANS UI may be precipitated or
worsened by outside factors of urinary tract, including meds, mobility, environment, mentation, manual
dexterity.
What is an assessment tool for UI bother and quality of life? And can be used to assess for the effect of
treatment? ANS Urogenital distress index 6, min dif in score is 5/11
What kind of therapy is most efficacious for UI? ANS Both behavioral and drug therapy. Than either alone
Morbidity with UI are? ANS Skin breakdown, falls. Fractures
Symptoms of UTI? ANS Dysuria, frequency, urgency, hematuria
UTI is the most common infection seen in who? ANS Older adults in nursing homes, or hospitals.
, Asymptomatic bacteriuria increases with? ANS Age and debility
For older adults, treatment should not be initiated only based on symptoms... why? ANS Common
symptoms can mimic other diseases
Post menopausal women may also complain of? ANS Low back pain, nocturia, incontinence, and
constipation.
Why is bacteruria and UTI so common in older adults? ANS There are conditions or diseases that lead to
alterations in normal flora, urinary stasis and obstruction as we age.
Shifts in perineal flora and ph bc if estrogen deficiency occurs.
Urinary stasis and obstruction can occur due to normal aging, which can lead to increased UTI.
Urethra orifice can also be contaminated.
What is the UA results for UTI? ANS Positive for nitrates and leukocytes + symptoms present
What are common signs and Symptoms of UTI in LTC? ANS Change in mental Status and characteristics
of urine
What is not a useful indicator for UTI? ANS Presence of pyuria >10 WBC
What other diseases can show presence of pyuria ( >10)? ANS Nephrolithiasis, IBD, diverticulitis, intro
abdominal abscess
Treatment of dirty urine in the older adult population with asymptomatic bacteria is? ANS Not beneficial
What is uncomplicated UTI? ANS A healthy person w/o a catheter and no Symptoms of polynephritis.it is
directed to E. coli
Treatment for uncomplicated UTI? ANS Bactrim ds BID x 3 days (avoid if prior UTI in last 3 months or
resistance to sulfas)
Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID x 5 days
