KPEERI Exam
Phonology - answer speech sound system of a language, how the sounds can be
produced, sequenced, and combined to make words
Morphology - answer smallest unit of meaning in a language, how the units combine to
change meaning, prefixes, suffixes, base elements
morpheme - answer smallest unit of meaning
phoneme - answer smallest unit of sound
semantics - answer meanings of words, phrases, and sentences, and their relationship
in a language, expressions and figurative language
syntax - answer rules for organizing words, phrases, and clauses to form sentences in a
language, parts of speech, sentence types
pragmatics - answer rules for how language is used appropriately in different social
contexts, linguistic and nonlinguistic, discourse
orthography - answerwritten or spelling system of a language
What provides the foundation for working with written language (reading and writing)? -
answerOral language
Oral language is - answerinherent.
Literacy, the ability to read and write, is - answernot inherent and must be learned.
expressive language - answerour ability to put thoughts and feelings into words and
sentences
receptive language - answerour ability to understand information in spoken or written
form
Orthography deals with - answerword recognition (alphabetic principal, decoding,
spelling patterns, syllable patterns).
Phonology deals with - answerword recognition (phonological awareness, decoding,
and spelling).
, Morphology deals with - answerreading comprehension (vocabulary, word recognition,
phonological awareness, decoding, and spelling).
Semantics deals with - answerreading comprehension (vocabulary and figurative
language).
Syntax deals with - answerreading comprehension and written expression (sentence
comprehension and sentence composition).
Pragmatics deals with - answerreading comprehension and written expression
(audience participation, use of dialogue, cohesive texts, etc.).
Simple view of reading - answerword recognition X language comprehension = reading
comprehension
Language comprehension (deriving meaning from oral/written language) includes -
answerbackground knowledge, vocabulary, language structures (syntax/semantics),
verbal reasoning (making inferences, predicting, figurative language), and literacy
knowledge (text structure/genres).
Word recognition (decoding) includes - answerphonological awareness, decoding, and
sight recognition.
Inferior frontal gyrus controls - answerspeech-sound awareness, phonological
processor, and expressive language.
Parieto temporal lobe controls - answerreceptive language, context and meaning
processor, word analysis.
Occipito temporal lobe controls - answerletter recognition, orthographic processor,
words recognized by sight. Known as the brain's letterbox.
dyslexia - answerA specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is a deficit
in the phonological component of language and is characterized by poor spelling and
decoding abilities.
What are some secondary consequences of dyslexia? - answerproblems in reading
comprehension
reduced reading experience (impedes vocabulary and background knowledge)
Part of the brain that allows you to sound out words - answerparieto temporal lobe
Part of the brain that recognizes words by sight - answeroccipito temporal lobe
Part of the brain that thinks about how to pronounce words - answerinferior frontal gyrus
Phonology - answer speech sound system of a language, how the sounds can be
produced, sequenced, and combined to make words
Morphology - answer smallest unit of meaning in a language, how the units combine to
change meaning, prefixes, suffixes, base elements
morpheme - answer smallest unit of meaning
phoneme - answer smallest unit of sound
semantics - answer meanings of words, phrases, and sentences, and their relationship
in a language, expressions and figurative language
syntax - answer rules for organizing words, phrases, and clauses to form sentences in a
language, parts of speech, sentence types
pragmatics - answer rules for how language is used appropriately in different social
contexts, linguistic and nonlinguistic, discourse
orthography - answerwritten or spelling system of a language
What provides the foundation for working with written language (reading and writing)? -
answerOral language
Oral language is - answerinherent.
Literacy, the ability to read and write, is - answernot inherent and must be learned.
expressive language - answerour ability to put thoughts and feelings into words and
sentences
receptive language - answerour ability to understand information in spoken or written
form
Orthography deals with - answerword recognition (alphabetic principal, decoding,
spelling patterns, syllable patterns).
Phonology deals with - answerword recognition (phonological awareness, decoding,
and spelling).
, Morphology deals with - answerreading comprehension (vocabulary, word recognition,
phonological awareness, decoding, and spelling).
Semantics deals with - answerreading comprehension (vocabulary and figurative
language).
Syntax deals with - answerreading comprehension and written expression (sentence
comprehension and sentence composition).
Pragmatics deals with - answerreading comprehension and written expression
(audience participation, use of dialogue, cohesive texts, etc.).
Simple view of reading - answerword recognition X language comprehension = reading
comprehension
Language comprehension (deriving meaning from oral/written language) includes -
answerbackground knowledge, vocabulary, language structures (syntax/semantics),
verbal reasoning (making inferences, predicting, figurative language), and literacy
knowledge (text structure/genres).
Word recognition (decoding) includes - answerphonological awareness, decoding, and
sight recognition.
Inferior frontal gyrus controls - answerspeech-sound awareness, phonological
processor, and expressive language.
Parieto temporal lobe controls - answerreceptive language, context and meaning
processor, word analysis.
Occipito temporal lobe controls - answerletter recognition, orthographic processor,
words recognized by sight. Known as the brain's letterbox.
dyslexia - answerA specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is a deficit
in the phonological component of language and is characterized by poor spelling and
decoding abilities.
What are some secondary consequences of dyslexia? - answerproblems in reading
comprehension
reduced reading experience (impedes vocabulary and background knowledge)
Part of the brain that allows you to sound out words - answerparieto temporal lobe
Part of the brain that recognizes words by sight - answeroccipito temporal lobe
Part of the brain that thinks about how to pronounce words - answerinferior frontal gyrus
