MDC 3 Exam 1 Questions and Answers A+ Graded (2025)

MDC 3 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers A+ Graded (2025)




What .is .the .2nd .most .common .malignancy .in .women .and .2nd .leading .cause .of
.death .in .women? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Breast .cancer


How .does .breast .cancer .start? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-From .the .epithelial .lining
.of .the .ducts .or .the .epithelium .of .the .lobules


99% .of .breast .cancers .occur .in .what .gender? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-women

breast .cancer .is .slightly .more .common .in .what .race .of .women? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-white


breast .cancer .in .men .is .similar .across? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-all .ethnic .groups

Risk .factors .for .breast .cancer? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--post .menopause
.(increasing .in .age .after .60)
-Estrogen .(HRT: .hormone .replacement .therapy) .(post .menopause .therapy) .can
.be .with .progesterone .or .alone. .
- .History .or .genetics .(history .of .breast, .colon, .endometrial, .&ovarian .cancer, .or
.family .history .of .breast .cancer) .(*Gene .BRCA1 .or .BRCA2 .hold .a .5-10% .genetic
.risk)
-Alcohol .
-Childbirth .after .age .30 .
-Obesity .
-Smoking .
-Breast .cellular .changes: .hyperplasia, .atypical .appearance .(increased .risk)

Breast .cancer .signs .and .symptoms .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--lump .in .breast
-swelling
-skin .irritation
-dimpling
-breast .pain
-nipple .pain
-nipple .turning .inward

,-redness
-scaliness
-thickening .of .the .nipple
-unusual .discharge .
-lump .in .the .armpit
(more .rare .but .can .present .itself .as .an .orange .peel)

*Where .is .the .most .common .location .of .breast .cancer? .* .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
*upper .outer .quadrant .is .the .most .glandular .tissue, .as .a .result .it .is .the .most
.common .location .of .a .cancer*


Breast .cancer .screening .& .diagnostics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--history .
-physical .assessment .and .examination
-mammogram .(less .effective .in .younger .women .due .to .denser .breast .tissue) .
-ultrasound
-MRI .(gives .more .details .than .a .mammogram .or .ultrasound) .
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology

Breast .health .large .breast .challenges .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--Impaired .comfort .
-Back .pain .
-diffculty .finding .clothing .that .fits
-expensive .bras
-fungal .infections .under .breasts
-redness, .chaffing .or .rash, .under .breasts.

Breast .health .small .breast .challenges .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--some .choose
.breast .augmentation .(important .to .avoid .foods, .medications, .herbs .that
.increase .bleeding .before/after .surgery)
-Can .still .perform .self .examination .and .have .mammograms- .but .may .not .be .as
.sensitive
-*some .evidence .of .increased .risk .for .non .Hodgkins .lymphoma .Not .breast
.cancer*


*Breast .Cancer .Types* .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--*In .situ* .(non-ivasive) .breast
.cancer .remains .in .the .mammary .
*DCIS: .ductal .carcinoma .in .situate* .duct .or .lobules .

-*ILC: .invasive .lobular .carcinoma* .

*IDC: .invasive .ductal .carcinoma*

*Non-invasive .or .In .situ .breast .cancer .is* .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-*DCIS: .ductal
.carcinoma .is .situate*


*Invasive .breast .cancer .is* .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-*ILC .or .IDC* .
-the .cancer .grows .into .the .surrounding .tissue .and .can .metastasize
-most .likely .cause .of .skin .dimpling .or .peau'd .orange

, -Aggressive .form .: .itching, .rapidly .growing .lump, .breast .pain, .erythema .&
.edema


*Most .common .invasive .cancer* .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-*IDC: .infiltrating .ductal
.carcinoma*


*breast .cancer .treatment* .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--Surgery: .breast .conserving .&
.masectomy .
-Radiation .therapy .
-Chemotherapy .
-Hormone .therapy

breast .conserving .surgery .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-removes .the .entire .tumor
.along .with .a .margin .of .normal .tissue .and .may .include .lymph .node .removal


Masectomy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Total .or .simple .usually .involves .lymph .nodes

Radiation .therapy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-directed .therapy .to .the .site .of .the
.cancer .(original .tumor)


Chemotherapy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-(S/E .depends .on .the .drugs .used,
.frequency, .and .dose)
-*IV .therapy .in .2-3 .week .cycles .over .3-6 .months*
-Regular .blood .work .is .needed

Most .common .chemotherapy .drugs .2 .or .3 .of .these .drugs .mixed .usually .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER--Anthracyclines .(doxurubicin .& .epirubicin)
-Taxanes .(paclitazel .& .docetaxel)
-Cyclophosphadmide .
-Carboplatin

Typical .side .effects .of .chemotherapy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--hair .loss
-nail .changes
-mouth .sores
-loss .of .appetite
-N/V
-Diarrhea
-Increase .risk .of .infection .
-Easy .bruising .or .bleeding
-Fatigue
-Menstrual .changes .and .infertility .
-"Chemo .brain"

Lower .risk .side .effects .of .chemotherapy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--heart .damage
-risk .of .leukemia
*-hand .foot .syndrome .(numb, .tingling, .red, .swollen .hands .& .soles)*
-Nerve .damage