8/26/25, 8:14
AM
NUR 353: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED UPDATE GRADED A
Terms in this set (86)
To maintain cardiovascular homeostasis
specifically Volume Depletion or Hypotension
-Regulate BP through Vasoconstriction, increase Blood
volume
-BP falls; kidneys release Renin, converts
Renin-Angiotensin- angiotensinogen to angiotensin one.
Aldosterone System -Angiotensin one converts to angiotensin two
(RAAS) (potent vasoconstrictor) with angiotensin
converting enzyme (ACE)
-Angiotensin two:
-Vasoconstriction (increase BP)
-Stimulates Aldosterone release
-Sodium/water retention
-Increase Thirst
ACE inhibitors MOA? Stop production of angiotensin II
ACE Inhibitor -Dry, nonproductive cough
Side effects that causes
1/
25
,8/26/25, 8:14
AM
disruption of ADLs and -Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
the class of drugs the
patient may be
switched to
Lasix and its relationship Lasix causes potassium depletion, low
to Digoxin potassium levels increase risk of digoxin
toxicity
-Inhibit Calcium in cardiac conduction tissues
(decreases contractibility) and vascular smooth
Verapamil (Calcium muscle
Channel Blocker) -Impacts:
MOA? · Decreases heart rate
· Reduces myocardial contractility
· Lowers systemic vascular resistance
2/
25
, 8/26/25, 8:14
AM
Verapamil -Angina pectoris
-Essential hypertension
Therapeutic -Cardiac dysrhythmias
uses/indications
Nifedipine ((Calcium -Dihydropyridine: blocks calcium channels in
Channel Blocker) vascular smooth muscles, very little effect on
the heart (not to be used for dysrhythmias)
MOA?
Nifedipine -reflex tachycardia: a rapid heart rate that
occurs as a compensatory mechanism to
patient teaching for maintain adequate blood flow when blood
administration pressure drops
-relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessel walls:
Smooth muscle relaxation: These drugs act
directly on the vascular smooth muscle, causing
it to relax.
Increased vessel diameter: As the smooth
Direct-Acting muscle relaxes, the blood vessel dilates,
Vasodilator increasing its diameter.
Vaodilators- Reduced peripheral resistance: Vasodilation
MoA decreases the resistance to blood flow in the
circulatory system.
Afterload reduction: By decreasing peripheral
resistance, vasodilators reduce the workload
on the heart.
Improved tissue perfusion: Increased vessel
3/
25
AM
NUR 353: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED UPDATE GRADED A
Terms in this set (86)
To maintain cardiovascular homeostasis
specifically Volume Depletion or Hypotension
-Regulate BP through Vasoconstriction, increase Blood
volume
-BP falls; kidneys release Renin, converts
Renin-Angiotensin- angiotensinogen to angiotensin one.
Aldosterone System -Angiotensin one converts to angiotensin two
(RAAS) (potent vasoconstrictor) with angiotensin
converting enzyme (ACE)
-Angiotensin two:
-Vasoconstriction (increase BP)
-Stimulates Aldosterone release
-Sodium/water retention
-Increase Thirst
ACE inhibitors MOA? Stop production of angiotensin II
ACE Inhibitor -Dry, nonproductive cough
Side effects that causes
1/
25
,8/26/25, 8:14
AM
disruption of ADLs and -Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
the class of drugs the
patient may be
switched to
Lasix and its relationship Lasix causes potassium depletion, low
to Digoxin potassium levels increase risk of digoxin
toxicity
-Inhibit Calcium in cardiac conduction tissues
(decreases contractibility) and vascular smooth
Verapamil (Calcium muscle
Channel Blocker) -Impacts:
MOA? · Decreases heart rate
· Reduces myocardial contractility
· Lowers systemic vascular resistance
2/
25
, 8/26/25, 8:14
AM
Verapamil -Angina pectoris
-Essential hypertension
Therapeutic -Cardiac dysrhythmias
uses/indications
Nifedipine ((Calcium -Dihydropyridine: blocks calcium channels in
Channel Blocker) vascular smooth muscles, very little effect on
the heart (not to be used for dysrhythmias)
MOA?
Nifedipine -reflex tachycardia: a rapid heart rate that
occurs as a compensatory mechanism to
patient teaching for maintain adequate blood flow when blood
administration pressure drops
-relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessel walls:
Smooth muscle relaxation: These drugs act
directly on the vascular smooth muscle, causing
it to relax.
Increased vessel diameter: As the smooth
Direct-Acting muscle relaxes, the blood vessel dilates,
Vasodilator increasing its diameter.
Vaodilators- Reduced peripheral resistance: Vasodilation
MoA decreases the resistance to blood flow in the
circulatory system.
Afterload reduction: By decreasing peripheral
resistance, vasodilators reduce the workload
on the heart.
Improved tissue perfusion: Increased vessel
3/
25
