KPEERI EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
phonology - answer- speech sound system of a language, how the sounds can be
produced, sequenced, and combined to make words
morphology - answer- smallest unit of meaning in a language, how the units combine
to change meaning, prefixes, suffixes, base elements
morpheme - answer- smallest unit of meaning
phoneme - answer- smallest unit of sound
semantics - answer- meanings of words, phrases, and sentences, and their
relationship in a language, expressions and figurative language
syntax - answer- rules for organizing words, phrases, and clauses to form sentences
in a language, parts of speech, sentence types
pragmatics - answer- rules for how language is used appropriately in different social
contexts, linguistic and nonlinguistic, discourse
orthography - answer- written or spelling system of a language
What provides the foundation for working with written language (reading and
writing)? - answer- Oral language
Oral language is - answer- inherent.
Literacy, the ability to read and write, is - answer- not inherent and must be learned.
expressive language - answer- our ability to put thoughts and feelings into words and
sentences
receptive language - answer- our ability to understand information in spoken or
written form
Orthography deals with - answer- word recognition (alphabetic principal, decoding,
spelling patterns, syllable patterns).
Phonology deals with - answer- word recognition (phonological awareness,
decoding, and spelling).
Morphology deals with - answer- reading comprehension (vocabulary, word
recognition, phonological awareness, decoding, and spelling).
, Semantics deals with - answer- reading comprehension (vocabulary and figurative
language).
Syntax deals with - answer- reading comprehension and written expression
(sentence comprehension and sentence composition).
Pragmatics deals with - answer- reading comprehension and written expression
(audience participation, use of dialogue, cohesive texts, etc.).
Simple view of reading - answer- word recognition X language comprehension =
reading comprehension
Language comprehension (deriving meaning from oral/written language) includes -
answer- background knowledge, vocabulary, language structures
(syntax/semantics), verbal reasoning (making inferences, predicting, figurative
language), and literacy knowledge (text structure/genres).
Word recognition (decoding) includes - answer- phonological awareness, decoding,
and sight recognition.
Inferior frontal gyrus controls - answer- speech-sound awareness, phonological
processor, and expressive language.
Parieto temporal lobe controls - answer- receptive language, context and meaning
processor, word analysis.
Occipito temporal lobe controls - answer- letter recognition, orthographic processor,
words recognized by sight. Known as the brain's letterbox.
dyslexia - answer- A specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is a
deficit in the phonological component of language and is characterized by poor
spelling and decoding abilities.
What are some secondary consequences of dyslexia? - answer- problems in reading
comprehension
reduced reading experience (impedes vocabulary and background knowledge)
Part of the brain that allows you to sound out words - answer- parieto temporal lobe
Part of the brain that recognizes words by sight - answer- occipito temporal lobe
Part of the brain that thinks about how to pronounce words - answer- inferior frontal
gyrus
People with dyslexia - answer- have little to no neuronal activation in posterior
reading systems and rely only on the inferior frontal gyrus (which causes an
overactivation and disruption in gyrus).
What percentage of the world's population have at least some symptoms of
dyslexia? - answer- 15-20%
ANSWERS
phonology - answer- speech sound system of a language, how the sounds can be
produced, sequenced, and combined to make words
morphology - answer- smallest unit of meaning in a language, how the units combine
to change meaning, prefixes, suffixes, base elements
morpheme - answer- smallest unit of meaning
phoneme - answer- smallest unit of sound
semantics - answer- meanings of words, phrases, and sentences, and their
relationship in a language, expressions and figurative language
syntax - answer- rules for organizing words, phrases, and clauses to form sentences
in a language, parts of speech, sentence types
pragmatics - answer- rules for how language is used appropriately in different social
contexts, linguistic and nonlinguistic, discourse
orthography - answer- written or spelling system of a language
What provides the foundation for working with written language (reading and
writing)? - answer- Oral language
Oral language is - answer- inherent.
Literacy, the ability to read and write, is - answer- not inherent and must be learned.
expressive language - answer- our ability to put thoughts and feelings into words and
sentences
receptive language - answer- our ability to understand information in spoken or
written form
Orthography deals with - answer- word recognition (alphabetic principal, decoding,
spelling patterns, syllable patterns).
Phonology deals with - answer- word recognition (phonological awareness,
decoding, and spelling).
Morphology deals with - answer- reading comprehension (vocabulary, word
recognition, phonological awareness, decoding, and spelling).
, Semantics deals with - answer- reading comprehension (vocabulary and figurative
language).
Syntax deals with - answer- reading comprehension and written expression
(sentence comprehension and sentence composition).
Pragmatics deals with - answer- reading comprehension and written expression
(audience participation, use of dialogue, cohesive texts, etc.).
Simple view of reading - answer- word recognition X language comprehension =
reading comprehension
Language comprehension (deriving meaning from oral/written language) includes -
answer- background knowledge, vocabulary, language structures
(syntax/semantics), verbal reasoning (making inferences, predicting, figurative
language), and literacy knowledge (text structure/genres).
Word recognition (decoding) includes - answer- phonological awareness, decoding,
and sight recognition.
Inferior frontal gyrus controls - answer- speech-sound awareness, phonological
processor, and expressive language.
Parieto temporal lobe controls - answer- receptive language, context and meaning
processor, word analysis.
Occipito temporal lobe controls - answer- letter recognition, orthographic processor,
words recognized by sight. Known as the brain's letterbox.
dyslexia - answer- A specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is a
deficit in the phonological component of language and is characterized by poor
spelling and decoding abilities.
What are some secondary consequences of dyslexia? - answer- problems in reading
comprehension
reduced reading experience (impedes vocabulary and background knowledge)
Part of the brain that allows you to sound out words - answer- parieto temporal lobe
Part of the brain that recognizes words by sight - answer- occipito temporal lobe
Part of the brain that thinks about how to pronounce words - answer- inferior frontal
gyrus
People with dyslexia - answer- have little to no neuronal activation in posterior
reading systems and rely only on the inferior frontal gyrus (which causes an
overactivation and disruption in gyrus).
What percentage of the world's population have at least some symptoms of
dyslexia? - answer- 15-20%
