EXAM 1 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND
PHARMACOLOGY: 2025/2026, WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
What three systems of measurement are used in pharmacology? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS---metric
-apothecary
-househole
pharmacology - CORRECT-ANSWERS--the study of medicines, including
the study of how drugs are administered and how the body responds.
pharmacotherapy - CORRECT-ANSWERS--the application of drugs to treat
disease and ease human suffering
How are dosages labeled and dispensed? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--by
weight and volume
When does medication reconciliation occur? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--
admission, transfer between units in a facility, transfer between facilities,
discharge
medication reconciliation - CORRECT-ANSWERS--making sure the patient's
med list matches what they are actually taking
What are the two ways drugs are available? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--over
the counter (OTC) and by prescription (require an order from a healthcare
provider)
,Nonspecific cellular responses - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Caused by drugs
that act independently of receptors
Example: changing the permeability of cellular membranes
Drugs that act as agonists.. - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Bind to receptor
Produce same response as endogenous chemical
Sometimes produce greater maximal response
Drugs that act as antagonists... - CORRECT-ANSWERS---Occupy receptor
-Prevent endogenous chemical from acting
-Often compete with agonists for receptor
Drugs that act as partial agonists... - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Bind to
receptor
Produce weaker, less effective response than agonists
Sublingual Administration - CORRECT-ANSWERS--medication is placed
under the tongue and allowed to dissolve slowly
use only after oral medication have been swallowed
no food or drink until completely dissolved
What factors affect distribution? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Blood flow to the
tissues and physical properties of the drug (affinity of drugs)
How can therapeutic agents be classified? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--drugs,
biologics, or complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies
How can drugs be organized? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--by their therapeutic
or pharmacologic classification
How many names do drugs have and what are they? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS--3; chemical name, generic name, trade/brand name
, chemical name of a drug - CORRECT-ANSWERS--strict chemical
nomenclature used for naming drugs established by the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
generic name of a drug - CORRECT-ANSWERS--nonproprietary name of a
drug assigned by the government; i.e. ibuprofen
trade name of a drug - CORRECT-ANSWERS--proprietary name of a drug
assigned by the manufacturer; also called the brand name or product
name; proprietary means ownership; i.e. advil
What are nurses expected to understand about all medication given to
patients? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--pharmacotherapeutic principles
What are the nurse's responsibilities as far as giving medications? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS--what drug is ordered
name and drug classification
intended purpose or use
effects on the body
contraindication
special considerations (how age, weight, body fat distribution,
pathophysiological states affect response)
side effects
why the medication was prescribed
how the medication is supplied in the pharmacy
how the medication administered, including dosage range
what nursing process consideration relates to the medication apply to the
paltient
all variables of the patient's condition
prepared to recognize and react to adverse effects
PHARMACOLOGY: 2025/2026, WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
What three systems of measurement are used in pharmacology? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS---metric
-apothecary
-househole
pharmacology - CORRECT-ANSWERS--the study of medicines, including
the study of how drugs are administered and how the body responds.
pharmacotherapy - CORRECT-ANSWERS--the application of drugs to treat
disease and ease human suffering
How are dosages labeled and dispensed? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--by
weight and volume
When does medication reconciliation occur? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--
admission, transfer between units in a facility, transfer between facilities,
discharge
medication reconciliation - CORRECT-ANSWERS--making sure the patient's
med list matches what they are actually taking
What are the two ways drugs are available? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--over
the counter (OTC) and by prescription (require an order from a healthcare
provider)
,Nonspecific cellular responses - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Caused by drugs
that act independently of receptors
Example: changing the permeability of cellular membranes
Drugs that act as agonists.. - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Bind to receptor
Produce same response as endogenous chemical
Sometimes produce greater maximal response
Drugs that act as antagonists... - CORRECT-ANSWERS---Occupy receptor
-Prevent endogenous chemical from acting
-Often compete with agonists for receptor
Drugs that act as partial agonists... - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Bind to
receptor
Produce weaker, less effective response than agonists
Sublingual Administration - CORRECT-ANSWERS--medication is placed
under the tongue and allowed to dissolve slowly
use only after oral medication have been swallowed
no food or drink until completely dissolved
What factors affect distribution? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--Blood flow to the
tissues and physical properties of the drug (affinity of drugs)
How can therapeutic agents be classified? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--drugs,
biologics, or complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies
How can drugs be organized? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--by their therapeutic
or pharmacologic classification
How many names do drugs have and what are they? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS--3; chemical name, generic name, trade/brand name
, chemical name of a drug - CORRECT-ANSWERS--strict chemical
nomenclature used for naming drugs established by the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
generic name of a drug - CORRECT-ANSWERS--nonproprietary name of a
drug assigned by the government; i.e. ibuprofen
trade name of a drug - CORRECT-ANSWERS--proprietary name of a drug
assigned by the manufacturer; also called the brand name or product
name; proprietary means ownership; i.e. advil
What are nurses expected to understand about all medication given to
patients? - CORRECT-ANSWERS--pharmacotherapeutic principles
What are the nurse's responsibilities as far as giving medications? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS--what drug is ordered
name and drug classification
intended purpose or use
effects on the body
contraindication
special considerations (how age, weight, body fat distribution,
pathophysiological states affect response)
side effects
why the medication was prescribed
how the medication is supplied in the pharmacy
how the medication administered, including dosage range
what nursing process consideration relates to the medication apply to the
paltient
all variables of the patient's condition
prepared to recognize and react to adverse effects
