ACUTE INFLAMMATION TEST 2025/2026 COMPLETE
ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH WELL ELABORATED
ANSWERS (CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) NEWEST
UPDATED VERSION |ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 3 major steps of acute inflammation?
1) Dilation of small vessels and local stasis (slow down)
of blood flow → redness, heat
2) Increased vascular permeability to permit exit of
fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes → swelling, pain
3) Migration and accumulation of leukocytes into the site
of injury and their activation → pain, loss of function
What causes vasodilation in the first step of acute
inflammation?
-primarily mediated by histamines (in mast calls)
-nitric oxide produce from endothelial cells
What are two was to cause increased vascular
permeability in the 2nd step of acute inflammation?
1) retraction of endothelial cells
, -induced by histamines and other mediators
which retract the endothelial cells
causing holes between them which allows fluid,
plasma, proteins, and leukocytes to exit into the tissue
-rapid and short-lived (minutes)
-happens in venues
2) endothelial injury
-caused by burns, microbial toxins, etc.
-can happen anywhere with small (delicate) vessels
-direct (burn) or indirect (neutrophil-mediated)
-causes endothelial necrosis/detachment
-immediate
-last proportional to the injury
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of
inflammation?
Bruising
Which of the following vasoactive mediators is
IMMEDIATELY
released?
Histamine
ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH WELL ELABORATED
ANSWERS (CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) NEWEST
UPDATED VERSION |ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 3 major steps of acute inflammation?
1) Dilation of small vessels and local stasis (slow down)
of blood flow → redness, heat
2) Increased vascular permeability to permit exit of
fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes → swelling, pain
3) Migration and accumulation of leukocytes into the site
of injury and their activation → pain, loss of function
What causes vasodilation in the first step of acute
inflammation?
-primarily mediated by histamines (in mast calls)
-nitric oxide produce from endothelial cells
What are two was to cause increased vascular
permeability in the 2nd step of acute inflammation?
1) retraction of endothelial cells
, -induced by histamines and other mediators
which retract the endothelial cells
causing holes between them which allows fluid,
plasma, proteins, and leukocytes to exit into the tissue
-rapid and short-lived (minutes)
-happens in venues
2) endothelial injury
-caused by burns, microbial toxins, etc.
-can happen anywhere with small (delicate) vessels
-direct (burn) or indirect (neutrophil-mediated)
-causes endothelial necrosis/detachment
-immediate
-last proportional to the injury
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of
inflammation?
Bruising
Which of the following vasoactive mediators is
IMMEDIATELY
released?
Histamine
